The Cardiac Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

Types of muscles

A

Smooth
Skeletal
Cardiac

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2
Q

The cardiac muscle combines properties all both smooth and skeletal muscles. True or false?

A

True

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3
Q

What is the difference in the contraction between the skeletal and cardiac muscle?

A

The duration of construction in cardiac muscle is longer than skeletal muscle

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4
Q

Features of cardiac myocytes

A
Short
Branched
Striated
Connected by gap junctions
Acts as a single unit (syncitium)
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5
Q

What is a striated muscle tissue?

A

It features repeating functional units called sacromeres

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6
Q

Similarities between skeletal and cardiac muscle

A

Striated cells

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7
Q

Similarities between cardiac myocytes and smooth muscle cells

A

The presence of gap junctions

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8
Q

Which is longer - cardiac or skeletal muscle fibers?

A

Skeletal. Cardiac muscle cells are considerably shorter than skeletal muscle fibers, and have several branching processes.

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9
Q

Adjacent cells are joined end to end at structures called…

A

Intercalated disks

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10
Q

What are desmosomes?

A

Structures that hold the cells together and to which the myofibrils are attached.

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11
Q

Functions of intercalated disks

A

They allow the free movement of nutrients and ions between myocytes

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12
Q

When one parts of the cardiac muscle is stimulated…

A

…The whole heart muscle will be stimulated because of cardiac myocytes acting as a single unit

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13
Q

The conducting system of the hearts does not function in contraction. True or false?

A

True

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14
Q

The conduction system of the heart is in contact with cardiac myocytes via…

A

Gap junctions

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15
Q

Functions of the conducting system of the hearts

A
  • Initiates heart beats

- Spreads impulses rapidly throughout the heart

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16
Q

What secretes ANP?

A

The atria cells secrete Atrial Natriuretic Peptide

17
Q

The conducting system of the heart is made up of…

A
  1. The SinoAtrial node (SAN)

2. The Atrioventricular Bundle (AVB)

18
Q

What is the most important part of the heart’s conducting system?

A

SAN

19
Q

Functions of the SAN

A
  1. It’s initiates impulses from the artery to the ventricle

2. It conducts impulses from the atria to the ventricle leading to the atrioventricular node

20
Q

What are the branches of the SAN?

A

Bachman
Wenkebach
Thorel

21
Q

Information flowing from the SAN to the AVN flows through which fibers?

A

Bachman
Wenkebach
Thorel

The internodal fibres

22
Q

Functions of the pacemaker cells of the SAN

A

They set the pace for all the parts of the conduction system

23
Q

Another name for the AVB

A

Bundle of HIS

24
Q

The AVB originates from

A

The AVN

25
Q

What are the bundles that make up the AVB?

A

Left and Right

  • ## Those from Purkinje fibre
26
Q

The Purkinje fibres supply

A

The ventricular bundles

27
Q

One parts of the right ventricle should beat before other parts. True or false?

A

False

28
Q

What’s the cardiac muscle fibers

A

Nodal fibres
Conducting fibres
Contractile fibers

29
Q

What are the nodal fibres?

A

SAN
AVB
AVN

30
Q

What are the contractile fibres?

A

Atria

Ventricles

31
Q

What are the conducting fibres

A

HIS
Purkinje
Left and Right bundle