Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardio Physio > Regulation Of Arterial Blood Pressure > Flashcards

Regulation Of Arterial Blood Pressure Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two pathways for ABP regulation?

A 
Local regulation (one part)
Global regulation (entire body)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Local control of ABP involves…

A

Regulation of ABP to an organ by local control or constriction of a vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Agents responsible for local regulations are

A

Those responsible for vasoconstriction and vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Agents responsible for vasoconstriction

A

Angiotensin II
Vasopresine
Cytokines
Oxygen free radicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Agents responsible for vasodilation

A

Nitric oxide

ANP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Global regulation of ABP is long-term. True or false?

A

True, but not all, just renal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the global ABP regulation methods?

A

Nervous
Hormonal
Renal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nervous control of arterial blood pressure is a long-term way of regulating BP. True or false?

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

And what situations does nervous control of ABP kick in?

A

For rapid increase during exercise or stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nervous control of arterial blood pressure involves…

A

stimulation of the entire vasoconstrictor and cardioaccelerator functions and inhibition of the parasympathetic vagal inhibitory signals to the CVS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the expected changes during nervous control of arterial blood pressure?

A
  • construction of arterioles of systemic circulation to increase the total PR, thereby increasing ABP
  • constriction of veins to increase VR and CO
  • cardioacceleration by SNS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the relationship between peripheral resistance and arterial blood pressure?

A

They are directly proportional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The nervous system controls regulation of BP through

A

ANS and reflexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The nervous system of regulation redistributes blood flow to different areas of the body. True or false?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the different reflexes responsible for short-term regulation of arterial blood pressure by the nervous system?

A

Baroreceptor reflex Chemoreceptor reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The components of a reflex

A 
Receptor
Afferent neuron
Control center
Efferent neuron
Effector
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Afferent pathway for the carotid baroreceptors

A

Hering’s nerves —> Glossopharyngeal nerves in the high neck —>
Tractus solitarius in the medullary area of the brain stem.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The vasomotor center for the baroreceptors is found in

A

Tractus solitarius in the medullary area of the brain stem.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Afferent pathway for the aortic baroreceptors

A

Vagus nerves —> Tractus solitarius in the medullary area of the brain stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Location of tractus solitarius VMC

A

It is located bilaterally mainly in the reticular substance of the medulla and of the lower third of the pon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The baroreceptor VMC consists of:

A

CAC - Cardioacceleratory center
CIC - …inhibitory…
CEC - …excitatory…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Functions of the VMC

A
  • Decrease HR through vagus nerves and PNS
  • Increase HR through SNS and peripheral sympathetic nerves
  • Produce vasoconstrictor tone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Methods of ABP regulation by baroreceptor reflex

A

Bilateral carotid occlusion

Postural change

24
Q

Which system of arterial blood pressure regulation is called a buffer system?

A

Baroreceptor system

25
Q

In which system of arterial blood pressure regulation are buffer nerves found?

A

Baroreceptor system

26
Q

What is the stimulus for the baroreceptor reflex for arterial blood pressure regulation?

A

Stretch of receptors, increased rate of firing of the normal operating range

27
Q

The organs for the chemoreceptor reflex of arterial blood pressure regulation are…

A
  • Carotid bodies in the bifurcation of the common carotid artery
  • Aortic bodies adjacent to the aorta
28
Q

Stimulus for Chemoreceptor reflex

A

Lack of oxygen
Excess CO2
Hydrogen ion excess

29
Q

Afferents for chemoreceptor reflex

A

Hering’s nerves and the vagus nerves

30
Q

Control centre for chemoreceptor reflex

A

VMC

31
Q

Efferent arm for chemoreceptor reflex

A

ANS

32
Q

Effector organs for chemoreceptor reflex

A

Heart and blood vessels

33
Q

The carotid sinus baroreceptors respond to increase and decrease in arterial blood pressure. True or false?

A

True

34
Q

The aortic arch baroreceptors respond to increase and decrease in arterial blood pressure. True or false?

A

False. They respond to only increase

35
Q

What are the reflexes involved in nervous control about your blood pressure?

A
  • Baroreceptor reflex
  • Chemoreceptor reflex
  • Atrial and pulmonary artery reflexes
  • Atrial Bainbridge reflex
  • Brain (CNS) ischemic response
  • Abdominal contraction reflex
36
Q

Hormonal control of arterial blood pressure acts through

A

RAAS

Renin
Angiotensin
Aldosterone
System

37
Q

Where are epinephrine and norepinephrine produced?

A

The adrenal medulla

38
Q

Where is renin produced?

A

Kidney nephrons

39
Q

Where is aldosterone produced?

A

Adrenal cortex

40
Q

Where is angiotensin produced?

A

Liver

41
Q

Where is ADH or vasopressin produced?

A

Hypothalamus

42
Q

Where is ANP produced?

A

Heart atrium

43
Q

Functions of epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

Temporarily decreases kidney function by vasoconstriction

44
Q

Function of renin

A

Increases blood pressure by acting on angiotensinogen

45
Q

Functions of vasopressin or ADH

A

Promotes water retention

46
Q

Function of ANP

A
  • Decreases BP
  • Decreases sodium reabsorption
  • Increases glomerular filtration rate
47
Q

Will it renin lead to increased blood pressure?

A

Yes, it will

48
Q

Which hormone stimulates production of androtensin?

A

Renin

49
Q

Which hormone is antagonistic to the angiotensin pathway?

A

ANP

50
Q

How does ANP oppose angiotensin?

A

Angiotensin decreases glomerular filtration rate, and increases water retention and blood volume while ANP reduce these.

51
Q

Effect of blood volume and ECF on arterial blood pressure

A

If they are high, arterial blood pressure will be high

52
Q

What is pressure diuresis?

A

The process whereby an increase in body fluid leads to increased blood pressure and increased renal output of water

53
Q

What is pressure natriuresis?

A

The process whereby there is an increase in salt in the body leading to increased blood pressure and increased renal output of salt

54
Q

The renal function curve is a graph of what against what?

A

Urinary volume outputs against arterial blood pressure

55
Q

The equilibrium point on the renal function curve describes…

A

… the level to which the arterial pressure will be regulated.

56
Q

The two primary determinants of the long-term arterial pressure level are as follows…

A
  1. The degree of pressure shift of the renal output curve for water and salt
  2. The level of the water and salt intake line

Cardio Physio (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions