Regional Circulation - Pulmonary

Question 1

What are the kinds of circulation in the lungs?

Answer 1

Pulmonary

Bronchial

Question 2

Which regional circulation receives 100% of blood flow?

Answer 2

Pulmonary

Question 3

What is the route of blood flow in pulmonary circulation?

Answer 3

Deoxygenated blood is carried away from the right ventricle to the lungs and oxygenated blood is returned to the left atrium and ventricle

Question 4

What is the route of blood flow in bronchial circulation?

Answer 4

It supplies oxygenated blood to the tissue to the tissue of the larger airways of the lung

Question 5

Pulmonary circulation arises from…

Answer 5

…the Right Ventricle.

Question 6

Bronchial Circulation arises from…

Answer 6

…the aorta.

Question 7

The bronchial circulation is part of the systemic circulation. True or false?

Answer 7

True

Question 8

How much of the ventricular output does bronchial circulation receive?

Answer 8

2%

Question 9

Cardiac output of pulmonary circulation

Answer 9

3.5L/min/m2

Question 10

RBC travels through lung in…

Answer 10

…4-5 seconds

Question 11

Functional anatomy of the pulmonary circulation

Answer 11

• Thin walled vessels at all levels
• Pulmonary arteries have far less smooth muscle in their wall

As a result, the vessels

Question 12

The functional anatomy of pulmonary vessels makes them…

Answer 12

Distensible and Compressible

Question 13

In the bronchial circulation, most of the venous blood goes through…

Answer 13

…pulmonary veins

Question 14

Pulmonary arteries carry…

Answer 14

Deoxygenated blood

Question 15

Pulmonary veins carry

Answer 15

Oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart

Question 16

Why are pressured different in pulmonary and bronchial circulation?

Answer 16

Control of regional perfusion in the systemic circulation

Question 17

Pulmonary vessels have…

Answer 17

• Little vascular smooth muscle.
• Low intravascular pressure.
• High distensiblility and compressiblility.

Question 18

Lengthening and compression of pulmonary vessels leads to…

Answer 18

Increased passive vascular resistance

Question 19

Pulmonary vessel diameter is influenced by..

Answer 19

Extravascular forces:

• Gravity
• Body position
• Lung volume

Question 20

Pressure in the pulmonary arterioles depends on…

Answer 20

…both mean pulmonary artery pressure and the vertical position of the vessel in the chest, relative to the heart.

Question 21

Blood flow in lung zone 1 may be absent because…

Answer 21

…there is inadequate pressure to overcome alveolar pressure

Question 22

Blood flow in zone 3 is…

Answer 22

…continuous and driven by the pressure in the pulmonary arteriole – pulmonary venous pressure.

Question 23

Blood flow in zone 2 may be…

Answer 23

…pulsatile and driven by the pressure in the pulmonary arteriole – alveolar pressure (collapsing the capillaries

Question 24

Alveolar hypoxia causes…

Answer 24

…active vasoconstriction at level of pre-capillary arterioles

Question 25

Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction occurs locally and does not require innervation. True or false?

Answer 25

True

Question 26

General hypoxemia (high altitude or hypoventilation) can cause extensive pulmonary artery vasodilation. True or false?

Answer 26

False - it’s vasoconstriction

Question 27

Capillary endothelial cells are permeable to...

Answer 27

...water, small molecules, ions but is a barrier to proteins.

Question 28

Alveolar epithelial cells are a more effective barrier than the endothelial cells. True or false?

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Alveolar epithelial cels can pump both...

Answer 29

...salt and water from the alveolar space.