The Breasts Flashcards
Clinical presentations of breast diseases
Pain, Palpable masses (cysts, tumours, cancer), Nipple discharge and a mammographic abnormality
What is fibrocystic disease?
Painful non-cancerous lumps in the breasts. Related to hormone changes. Can cause calcification.
What is fat necrosis in the breast?
When trauma to the breast causes localised haemorrhage and necrosis that cases a hard lump to form in the breast and clinically mimics cancer.
What is mastitis?
Inflammatory condition that causes the breasts to be red tender and warm and can cause blocked ducts.
What type of tumour in the breast is a fibroadenoma or papilloma?
Benign
What type of tumours in the breast is ductal carcinoma, lobular carcinoma and paget’s disease?
Malignant
What is a papilloma?
Wart like growth in ducts that causes bleeding and nipple discharge. They are benign.
What are fibroadenomas?
Rubbery lumps in the breast that occur mostly in reproductive age but are benign.
Most common cancer in the UK?
Breast cancer
What can cause breast cancer?
Hereditary BRCA1 mutation (5-10%), age, diet, lifestyle etc.
What is ductal carcinoma in-situ?
Abnormality of milk ducts
Commonest type of breast cancer?
Invasive ductal carcinoma
Treatment of breast cancer
Surgery
Chemo/radiotherapy
Drugs e.g. tamoxifen and herceptin
What is Paget’s disease?
Disease that affects the skin of one nipple and causes an eczema type rash and sometimes bleeding.
