Musculoskeletal system Flashcards
What is the main role of the musculoskeletal system?
Providing support and the ability to move
Common pathologies of bones
Fractures Osteoporosis Arthritis Osteomyelitis Tumours
Treatment for fractures
Realign bone by plaster cast or surgery
What happens in the fracture gap immediately after fracture rupture of blood vessels?
Haematoma and a fibrin meshwork to allow formation of granulation tissue
In fracture healing, what do inflammatory cells release?
Cytokines to activate osteoblasts and osteoclasts
What is osteoporosis?
A decrease in bone mass and density due to an imbalance between bone resorption and bone production
Causes of osteoporosis
Lack of oestrogen, calcium metabolism and vitamin D deficiency also drug misuse.
Treatments for osteoporosis
Alendronic acid - prevents osteoclast activity
What is arthritis?
Inflammation of the joints
What is gout?
Raised uric acid usually excreted by the kidneys
Causes of gout?
Drugs, alcohol, renal diseases, hypothyroidism and dehydration
Septic arthritis caused by? Symptoms?
Inflammation of joint caused by bacterial infection usually in knee. Causes severe pain, swelling, redness and heat in affected joints,
What is osteomyelitis?
Bone infection by bacteria
Who is at an increased risk of osteomyelitis?
Diabetics
Pathologies of skeletal muscle
Muscular dystrophies and neuromuscular disorders
