The Brain Review

Question 1

motor area

Answer 1

control of voluntary muscles

Question 2

sensory area

Answer 2

skin sensations (temperature, pressure, pain)

Question 3

frontal lobe

Answer 3

movement, problem solving, concentrating/thinking, behavior/personality/mood

Question 4

Broca’s Area

Answer 4

speech control

Question 5

temporal lobe

Answer 5

hearing, language, memory

Question 6

brain stem

Answer 6

consciousness, breathing, heart rate

Question 7

parietal lobe

Answer 7

sensations, language, perception, body awareness, attention

Question 8

occipital lobe

Answer 8

vision, perception

Question 9

Wernicke’s Area

Answer 9

language comprehension

Question 10

cerebellum

Answer 10

posture, balance, muscle coordination

Question 11

medulla

Answer 11

unconscious vital processes (circulation, heart rate, breathing)

Question 12

pons

Answer 12

communicates sensory messages and movement from cerebellum to cerebrum, eye and face movements

Question 13

reticular formation

Answer 13

arousal and attention, filters stimuli coming to brain

Question 14

thalamus

Answer 14

directs sensory information to particular areas of brain

Question 15

amygdala

Answer 15

instinctual emotional reactions (aggression or fear), attention to novel stimuli

Question 16

hypothalamus

Answer 16

regulates hunger, thirst, body temperature, endocrine system

Question 17

pituitary gland

Answer 17

master gland – directs endocrine system

Question 18

hippocampus

Answer 18

formation of new memories

Question 19

cerebrum

Answer 19

divided into two hemispheres, higher order functions

Question 20

left hemisphere

Answer 20

logic, language (verbal tasks), math, detail-oriented, control the right side of the body

Question 21

right hemisphere

Answer 21

visual-spatial tasks, creativity, controls left side of body

Question 22

corpus callosum

Answer 22

thick bundle of nerve fibers that connects left and right hemispheres, communicates between the two hemispheres

Question 23

cerebral cortex

Answer 23

wrinkled surface of brain, divided into four lobes

Question 24

frontal lobes

Answer 24

emotion regulation, speaking, judgment and reason, planning, personality

Question 25

parietal lobes

Answer 25

pain, pressure, touch sensations

Question 26

temporal lobes

Answer 26

auditory cortex (hearing)

Question 27

occipital lobes

Answer 27

visual cortex (sight)

Question 28

basal ganglia

Answer 28

collection of nuclei (at base of the hemispheres) for controlling voluntary movements and establishing postures

Question 29

glial cells

Answer 29

nourish, protect and support neurons

Question 30

angular gyrus

Answer 30

transforms visual representations into auditory code (Wernicke’s area uses this auditory code to derive meaning); damage to this means someone will be able to speak and understand words, but cannot read aloud

Question 31

locus coeruleus

Answer 31

role in physical reaction to panic/stress