The Body Flashcards
Which nerve innervates the thenar muscles (thumb)?
which nerve innervates anterior wrist?
Median nerve
Which part of the arm is most susceptible to ulnar nerve injury?
Elmbow
What brachial nerve & muscle is for circumduction of the arm?
Axillary because of deltoids
Which muscle in the arm is innervated by the radial nerve?
Triceps
supplies upper limbs
Supination of the radio-ulnar joint?
Biceps brachii
What muscle adducts the scapula?
Rhomboids
Which are 2 muscles that adduct the scapula?
Rhoboids & trapezius
which are 2 muscles that abduct the scapula?
serratus anterior, pectoralis
Which one doesn’t contribute to posterior wall of axilla?
serratus anterior/ humerous
Posterior wall: subscapularis, Teres Major, Latissiumus Dorsi, & Scapula
Which innervation is the cause of arm rotation?
C5
If a person can’t flex their wrist, what nerves are invovled?
C6-C7
Ulnar n, Flexor Carpi Ulnaris m.
What innervates the Brachialis (biceps)?
Musculocutaneous C5-C7
What is the most distal portion of the brachial portion?
Branches
What does Axillary Sheath not surround?
Trunks/roots of branchial plexus
surrounds axillary vein, artery, and 3 cords of brachial plexus
Where do the 4th, 5th, 65th intercostal veins drain?
Accessory hemizygous
Right superior intercostal muscle drain into ?
Right side of azygos vein`
Which veins leaves a impression on the right lung?
Azygous
Whereis the atheroscloersis most common?
Abdominal Aorta
What exits the thorax at T12
Descending Aorta
Thoracic duct is behind of?
Esophagus & aorta
Esophagus begins at what level?
Cricoid cartilage at C6
Which organ is posterior to the aorta?
Right kidney
What are the visceral arteries of the abdominal/descending aorta?
Celiac trunk & inferior mesenteric
NOT inferior phrenic
What’s the direct branch of the Celiac Trunk?
Splenic Artery
Also left gastric & common hepatic A
Hepatic portal vein contains blood from?
Superior mesenteric & splenic vein
What does hepatic sinusoid drain?
Portal Blood to central vein
What’s not found in the epithelium?
Meissner’s corpuscle (fine touch)
Which plexus only has parasympathetic innervations?
Meisseiner plexus
Which plexus has both parasympathetic & sympathetic innervations?
Auerbach’s plexus
What is the diffference between lamina propria & dermis?
Dermis has dense irregular CT
What type of cell are in statum granulosum layer?
Keratohylain
What is not present in the orthokeratinized layer?
Stratum lucidum
What kind of epithelium is the FOM?
Non-keratinized stratified of squamous epithelium
What are soft tissues that are nonkeratinized?
Soft tissues& buccal mucosa
What kind of epithelium is the palate?
Keratinized stratified squamous epithlium
hard palate, attached gingiva, dorsum of tongue
What will cover the hard palate after an ulcer heals?
Parakeratinized stratum swquamous epithelium
What’s the most abundant papillae?
Which papilla is not involved in taste?buds
Filiform papilla
What’s the antibody in the mucosal surface?
IgA
Tongue moves to the right side on its own, what is the nerve damaged
Right CN12
What protrudes the tongue?
Genioglossus
What protrudes the mandible?
Lateral pterygoid
What protrudes the hyoid bone?
Geniohyoid
What narrows the maxillary buccal vestibule when you open your mouth all the way?
Coronoid process
What does NOT elevate the larynx?
Sternothyroid
What creates the laryngeal prominence?
Thyroid cartilage
What’s the most superior part of larynx
Aryepiglottic fold (epiglottis)
What muscle constrict to produce sound?
Lateral & transverse cricoarytenoids
What is the only muscle to abduct the larynx (vocal fold)?
Posterior cricoarytenoid m. `
What innervates muscles below vocal fold & most of the laryngeal muscles?
Recurrent laryngeal nerve (CN10)
What does internal laryngeal nerve innervate?
Thyrohyoid membrane
What occurs during Tracheostomy?
Reduced airway resistance and reduced dead space
What is associated with trachea bifurcation?
Sternal Angle
Where is stored in colloid?
Thyroid hormone
Where does inferior thyroid artery come from?
Thyrocervical trunk
The arteries that supply the thryoid gland are from?
Thyrocercial trunk & ECA
What are 2 terminal branches of the external carotid artery?
Superficial termporal & maxillary artery
In the carotid triangle, what branch of ECA wouldn’t you see?
Superficial temporal artery
What makes the carotid triangle?
Anterior border of SCM, posterior dine, and superior omohyoid
What does the submental triangle consist of?
Anterior digastric, hyoid bone & mandible
What structure is posterior to the carotid sheath that runsalong the Longus Capitas muscle?
Sympathetic Chain Ganglion
What is NOT in the carotid sheath?
Ansa Cervicalis/ phrenic nerve
include: common carotid, internal jugular, and vagus nerve
What does sigmoid sinus drain into?
Internal jugular vein
Where does deep facial vein drain into?
Pterygoid Plexus
What does deep facial vein connect?
Anterior facial vein & pterygoid plexus
What specific organ doesportal vein drain?
Stomach
(also spleen, pancreas, SI, LI_
Which is not a function of the spleen?
Produce plasma cells
What’s the difference between inferior vena cava & portal veins?
Portal contain no valves
Most common cause of portal HTN?
Liver cirrhosis (can also lead to esophageal varices)
What is esophageal varices common seen in?
Alcoholics
What does esophageal varices cause?
Hematemesis
What inclusion is found alcoholic & liver cirrhosis?
Mallory bodies
What’s the most frequent form of varicosities/varicose veins?
Superficial veins in the legs
Thick tunica adventitia is found in?
Thick tunica media is found in?
Adventitia: veins
Media: muscular arteries
Where is the initial venous drainage of the jejunum?
SUperior mesenteric vein
Which endocrine gland is NOT essential for life?
What organ i s not stimulated by anterior pituitary?
Adrenal medulla
What is a cancer of adrenal medulla?
Pheochromocytoma
SIGN: persistent HTN, irregular secreitions of Epi/NE
What cells produce epinephrine & NE?
Chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla
What is the end organ of sympathetic system?
Adrenal medulla
What are functions of B1 & B2 receptors?
B1: heart
B2: Dilution, smooth muscle
alpha1&2: NE
Where is cortisol produced?
Where is androgens produced?
Cortisol: zona fasciculate
Androgens: zona reticularis
