Lungs & Blood Flashcards
What is the normal volume of air displaced between normal inhalation & exhalation when no extra efforts is applied?
500 mg TIdal volume
What is vital capacity?
IRV + ERV+ TV
The pressure on a mountain in 250 mmHG, what’s the partial pressure of O2?
20% –> 50 mmg
What’s the epithelium of respiratory tract?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with globet cells
Stretch receptors (Hering-Breuer reflex) of the lung is carried by which nerve?
Vagus
What produces mucous in lungs?
Clara cells
What happens in obstructive lung disease?
Compliance is increased
decreased in restrictive
In which can we see more squamous epithelial metaplasia?
Bronchus
Which organ is most likely to undergo red infarction?
Lung
white affects solid organs; red affects loose organs
What can emphysema lead to?
respiratory acidosis
Hyperventilation can lead to?
alkalosis
MEtabolic acidosis is caused by?
Hyperventilation
REMEBER RUBMUB
After metabolic/respiratory acidosis, which abnormality of electrolyte is more likely?
hyperkalemia
When is intrapleural pressure the most negative?
end of expiration
When is alveoli pressure the most negative?
Beginning of inhalation
What kind of epithelium is found in the nasopharynx region?
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Infant has trouble breathing, what cells are causing the problems?
Type 2 pnemonocytes
What describes oxygen transport?
Bohr effect
What is true about myoglobin?
Graph is hyperbolic
Carotid body measures?
Partial pressure of O2
CO decreases ___content but ___is normal
O2, PO2
Patient is on nitrous, best way to measure efficiency?
Reserve minute volume
Mineral for coagulation?
Zinc & Ca2
What carries iron in the plasma?
transferrin
Prothrombin acts with which one to form thrombin?
Ca2+
What is the substrate of thrombin?
Fibrinogen
If we put RBC in hypotonic solution what happens?
hemolysis
AntiA & antiB both agglutinate, what blood type?
AB
Which one of these help in retraction of blood clots?
Boy bleeds during extraction, his maternal uncle & cousin have the same problem, which factor is involved?
Factor 8 (Hemophilia A)
Hemophilia B (Christmas disease) is due to what deficiency? hemophilia C?
Factor 9
Factor 11
