Random & Enzymes & AA Flashcards
What are functions of P450?
- Present in all tissues of body
- Metabolize toxic substance (in liver)
- Help to breakdown/synthesize Hormone
- Cholesterol synthesis
Effect of competitive inhibitor on Vmax & Km
Vmax: same
Km: increased
Where does N-glycosylation occur?
Rough ER
adding sugar glycan to nitrogen
What does primidine synthesis begin with?
ribose 5-phosphate
it makes ribose for nucleotide synthesis & NAPD for fatty acid & steroid
What process makes NADPH?
Pentose Phosphate Shunt
What’s the primary molecule for reduction biosynthesis?
NADPH
What is the precursor of Adenosine & Guanine?
IMP
Nucleotide vs nucleoside
nuceloside doesn’t have phsophate
What’s the difference between thymidine & uracil?
thymidine has a methyl group!
What’s the function of phosophdiester bonds?
Connect 2 AA
What’s a small molecule that can’t elicit immune response on its own?
What elicit an immune response when bond to a carrier protein?
Hapten
has to attach to larger molecules
Alpha helix & beta sheets form 2nd protein structure via?
Hydrogen Bonds
What is the main AA in the tertiary structure of protein?
Cysteine: disulfide bonds
What kind of force holds proteins in the lipid bilaer?
Hydrophobic interactions
tRNA wobbles is in the ____position of the codon
3rd
Which one plays an important role in detecting the starting codon for RNA transcription?
Sigma part
What determines protein turnover?
H-bonds & peptide bones:
breakdown & synthesis of proteins
What is the product of enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase in TCA cycle?
Alpha-ketoglutarate
What are 2 primary acceptors of amine groups in the amino acid metabolism?
- OAA
2. Alphaketogluterate
What is phenylketonuria a deficiency of?
Phenylalaminine hydroxylase (PAH)
converts phenylalanine AA to another tyrosine
Which AA is associated with the taste sensation of umami?
L-glutamate
What is the charge of glutamic acid at pH 1?
+2
What are 2 ketogenic AA?
Leucine & Lysine
What is nissel body?
Rough ER
What residues are phosphorylated to activate/deactivate enzymes?
Serine
Patient is on low carb diet. What does he/she want a low level of?
Insulin productions with low levels of Malonyl CoA
What is hormone dependent physiologic involution?
Apoptosis
