The Blood Supply to the Gut Flashcards
What are the three unpaired arteries that supply the GI system?
coeliac trunk, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries
What are the three main branches of the coeliac trunk?
common hepatic artery (which branches into the hepatic artery proper and the gastroduodenal artery), left gastric artery and splenic artery
Describe the branches of the superior mesenteric artery
ileocolic artery , right colic artery and middle colic artery
What does the ileocolic branch of the SMA supply?
ileum part of colon
What does the right colic branch of the SMA supply?
ascending part of colon
What does the middle colic branch of the SMA supply?
transverse colon
Where does the coeliac trunk begin?
T12
Where does the superior mesenteric artery begin?
L1
Where does the inferior mesenteric artery begin?
L3
What are ‘vasa recta’?
smaller branches of arteries
What does the inferior mesenteric artery mainly supply?
descending colon
Describe the main branches of the inferior mesenteric artery
left colic artery, sigmoid artery, superior rectal artery and margin artery
Describe the two main blood supplies to the liver
75% is hepatic portal vein and 25% is hepatic artery
Which four veins meet to form the hepatic portal vein?
left gastric vein, splenic vein, inferior mesenteric vein and superior mesenteric vein
Which nerve supplies the parasympathetic innervation to the foregut and midgut?
vagus nerve (X)
Which nerve supplies the parasympathetic innervation to the hindgut?
sacral outflow between S2 and S4
Which nerve supplies the sympathetic innervation to the foregut?
greater splanchnic nerve
Which nerve supplies the sympathetic innervation to the midgut?
lesser and least splanchnic nerve
Which nerve supplies the sympathetic innervation to the hindgut?
lumbar splanchnic nerve
What is the marginal artery?
artery which links all of the different branches together in a highly anastamotic fashion
What does the left colic branch of the IMA supply?
descending colon
What does the sigmoid branch of the IMA supply?
sigmoid region of descending colon
What does the superior rectal branch of the IMA supply?
top of the rectum
