The Blood

Question 1

Blood is considered to be a ________ tissue.

Answer 1

Connective

Question 2

The purpose of blood:

Answer 2

(1) brings nutrients and gases to the cells, (2) pumps wastes away

Question 3

The average male contains about ___L of blood.

Answer 3

5

Question 4

List the 3 functions of blood.

Answer 4

(1) Transportation – gases, nutrients, waste, hormones
(2) Regulation – pH, fluid balance, heat
(3) Protection – disease, blood loss

Question 5

List the two main components of blood:

Answer 5

(1) plasma

(2) formed elements

Question 6

List 3 of the formed elements of blood:

Answer 6

(1) eryhtrocytes
(2) leukocytes
(3) platelets

Question 7

Platelets are also called

Answer 7

thrombocytes

Question 8

Plasma makes up ____% of blood.

Answer 8

50

Question 9

Plasma is made of _____ and ______>

Answer 9

water, protein

Question 10

List 4 proteins found in plasma.

Answer 10

(1) albumin
(2) clotting factors
(3) antibodies
(4) complements

Question 11

Albumin is made in the ______.

Answer 11

liver

Question 12

Which is the most abundant protein found in plasma?

Answer 12

albumin

Question 13

aid in blood clotting

Answer 13

clotting factors

Question 14

Substances that combat infection and are made by certain WBCs involved in immunity.

Answer 14

antibodies

Question 15

A group of enzymes that helps antibodies.

Answer 15

Complement

Question 16

List some other elements of plasma

Answer 16

(1) electrolytes, (2) nutrients, (3) amino acids, (4) hormones, (5) lipids, (6) waste products, (7) drugs, (8) gases.

Question 17

_________ __________ are produced in the red bone marrow.

Answer 17

formed elements

Question 18

Which of the formed elements are more numerous?

Answer 18

RBCs

Question 19

RBCs contain _____ (where O2 is bound).

Answer 19

hemoglobin

Question 20

Hemoglobin is a protein that contains _____.

Answer 20

iron

Question 21

Low hemoglobin is also known as

Answer 21

anemia

Question 22

RBCs can live up to _____ days.

Answer 22

120

Question 23

The production of RBCs is regulated by ________, which is a hormone produced by the _________.

Answer 23

erythropoeiten, kidneys

Question 24

The condition of low B12 is called

Answer 24

pernicious anemia

Question 25

Leukocytes (WBCs) are comprised of

Answer 25

(1) granulocytes, (2) agranulocytes

Question 26

List the 3 granulocytes

Answer 26

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Question 27

Which granulocyte is the most prominent and increases when fighting infection?

Answer 27

neutrophils

Question 28

Which granulocyte is elevated during parasitic infection?

Answer 28

eosinophils

Question 29

Which granulocyte elevates during inflammatory reactions?

Answer 29

basophils

Question 30

Which two grandulocytes are elevated during allergic reations?

Answer 30

eosinophils and basophils

Question 31

Name the two agranulocytes.

Answer 31

(1) lymphocytes, (2) monocytes

Question 32

_______ circulate in the lymphatic system, contain the T and B cells, and are a large part of immunity.

Answer 32

lymphocytes

Question 33

______ conduct phagocytosis.

Answer 33

monocytes

Question 34

A mix of WBCs and dead and living bacteria is called ____.

Answer 34

pus

Question 35

Platelets are released from

Answer 35

megakaryocytes

Question 36

Platelets are also known as

Answer 36

thrombocytes

Question 37

Thrombocytes are essential for _____ _____ and coagulation.

Answer 37

blood loss

Question 38

Platelets live for around _____ days.

Answer 38

10

Question 39

List the 3 steps of hemostatis.

Answer 39

(1) contraction (2) platelet plug (3) blood clot

Question 40

the contraction of the smooth muscles of the blood vessels is also called

Answer 40

vasoconstriction

Question 41

The ______ _____ is a temporary coagulation.

Answer 41

platelet plug

Question 42

In the clotting process, the prothrombinase converts ______ to _____.

Answer 42

prothrombin, thrombin

Question 43

In the 2nd part of the clotting process, thrombin converts ________ to ________.

Answer 43

fibrinogen, fibrin

Question 44

In the last step of the clotting process, threads of ______ form a meshwork to form a clot.

Answer 44

fibrin

Question 45

Anticoagulants ______ clotting.

Answer 45

prevent

Question 46

Procoagulants ________ clotting.

Answer 46

promote

Question 47

List the 4 blood types.

Answer 47

(1) A (2) B (3) AB (4) O

Question 48

The ____ blood type has the A antigen.

Answer 48

A

Question 49

The B blood type has the ____ antigen.

Answer 49

B

Question 50

The AB blood types has the ___ and ____ antigens.

Answer 50

A, B

Question 51

The ___ blood type has neither antigen.

Answer 51

O

Question 52

An _____ is anything that stimulates antibody production.

Answer 52

antigen

Question 53

____ is the universal donor.

Answer 53

O

Question 54

____ is the universal recipient.

Answer 54

AB

Question 55

Because ___ blood type has no AB atigens, it does not ___- to AB antibodies.

Answer 55

O, react

Question 56

What blood type contains no antibodies?

Answer 56

AB

Question 57

Rh + blood has the ___ antigen.

Answer 57

D

Question 58

Rh+ blood causes

Answer 58

Hemolytic Disease of the NewbornW

Question 59

Whole blood is used in ___________ situations.

Answer 59

life-threatening

Question 60

_____ is used to replace blood volume.

Answer 60

Plasma

Question 61

______ prevents circulatory shock and increases osmotic pressure.

Answer 61

Albumin

Question 62

________ _______ maintain blood fluid volume.

Answer 62

Plasma expanders

Question 63

_______ helps clotting.

Answer 63

cryoprecipitate

Question 64

_______ _______ contains antibodies to help fight off disease quickly.

Answer 64

gamma gobulin

Question 65

Measure the % of RBCs.

Answer 65

hematocrit

Question 66

Measure the # of O2-carrying cells

Answer 66

hemoglobin

Question 67

Measures the # of RBCs

Answer 67

RBC

Question 68

High RBCs is known as

Answer 68

polycythemia

Question 69

Measures the number of WBCs.

Answer 69

WBC

Question 70

Low # of WBCs is

Answer 70

leukopenia

Question 71

High # of WBCs is

Answer 71

leukocytosis

Question 72

Measure # of platelets

Answer 72

Platelet count

Question 73

A low platelet count is called _____

Answer 73

thrombocytosis

Question 74

List some of the things a blood chemistry panel can test:

Answer 74

electrolytes, lipid profile, alkaline phosphatase, kidney function