Ch. 14: Blood Vessels and Blood Circulation

Question 1

List the 5 groups of blood vessels.

Answer 1

(1) Arteries
(2) Arterioles
(3) Capillaries
(4) Venules
(5) Veins

Question 2

These carry blood away from the heart and toward the tissues. Carries oxygenated blood with the exception of the pulmonary artery.

Answer 2

Arteries

Question 3

These pump blood into the arteries.

Answer 3

Ventricles

Question 4

These are small subdivisions of the arteries and carry blood into the capillaries.

Answer 4

Arterioles

Question 5

These are tiny, thin-walled vessels that allow for exchanges between systems.

Answer 5

Capillaries

Question 6

Capillaries connect _____ with the ________.

Answer 6

arterioles, venules

Question 7

These are formed by the merger of the venules and continue blood’s transport until is returned to the heart.

Answer 7

Veins

Question 8

The _______ circuit delivers blood to the lungs where carbon dioxide is diminshed and oxygen is replenished.

Answer 8

pulmonary

Question 9

The pulmonary circuit delivers to the heart via the _____ and ______ pulmonary arteries.

Answer 9

left, right

Question 10

Describe the flow through the pulmonary circuit.

Answer 10

Left atrium –> ventricle –> body

Question 11

The _______ circuit serves the body with blood loaded with oxygen.

Answer 11

systemic

Question 12

List the three major components of the systemic circuit.

Answer 12

aorta, systemic capillaries, and systemic veins

Question 13

The ____ are the largest vessels and receive blood from the left ventricle.

Answer 13

aorta

Question 14

The _____ ______ exchanges materials between vessels.

Answer 14

systemic capillaries

Question 15

The _______ _______ carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart via the inferior and superior vena cava.

Answer 15

systemic veins

Question 16

List the 3 tunics of the arteries.

Answer 16

(1) endothelium
(2) middle tunic
(3) outer tunic

Question 17

The _____ tunic is made of smooth, involuntary muscle under control of the ANS.

Answer 17

middle

Question 18

The ________ tunic has a smooth surface over which the blood flows easily.

Answer 18

Endothelium (inner)

Question 19

The _______ tunic is made of supporting connective tisse.

Answer 19

outer

Question 20

Capillaries are about ____ cell thick.

Answer 20

one

Question 21

Capillaries are the primary location where O2 and CO2 _______ take place.

Answer 21

exchange

Question 22

_______ are formed by the union of capillaries.

Answer 22

Venules

Question 23

______ enable blood to travel one way.

Answer 23

valves

Question 24

The ______ is the largest artery at about 1” in diameter.

Answer 24

aorta

Question 25

The aorta receives blood from the ____ ventricle.

Answer 25

left

Question 26

The _______ aorta is near the heart and inside the pericardial sac.

Answer 26

ascending

Question 27

The _______ _______ curves from the right to left and extends posteriorly.

Answer 27

aortic arch

Question 28

The _______ aorta is part of the descending aorta that goes behind the heart and in front of the ______ ___.

Answer 28

thoracic | spinal cord

Question 29

The abdominal aorta starts at the _______.

Answer 29

diaphragm

Question 30

List the 3 parts of the aortic arch.

Answer 30

(1) brachiocephalic (2) Left common carotid (3) Left subclavian

Question 31

The brachiocephalic branch of the aortic arch is further divided into:

Answer 31

(1) right subclavian | (2) right common carotid

Question 32

The brachiocephalic branch runs on the _____ side of the head.

Answer 32

right

Question 33

The _______ ______ feeds the right upper extremity.

Answer 33

right subclavian

Question 34

The _____ ______ ______ feeds the neck, head, and brain.

Answer 34

right common carotid

Question 35

The _____ _______ ______ feeds the left side of the neck and head.

Answer 35

left common carotid

Question 36

The _____ ______ feeds the left upper extremities.

Answer 36

left subclavian

Question 37

List the areas supplied by the descending aorta:

Answer 37

(1) chest wall and muscles (2) espophagus (3) bronchii (4) lungs

Question 38

The descending aorta is also known as the ______ aorta.

Answer 38

thoracic

Question 39

The _______ arteries supply the ribs.

Answer 39

intercostal

Question 40

The ________ aorta has unpaired and paired branches.

Answer 40

abdominal

Question 41

The unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta make up the ______ trunk.

Answer 41

Celiac

Question 42

List the 3 truncks of the abdominal aorta:

Answer 42

(1) Celiac (2) Superior mesenteric (3) Inferior mesenteric

Question 43

The Celiac trunk is further divided into:

Answer 43

(1) gastric (2) splenic (3) hepatic

Question 44

The ________ mesenteric supplies the small intestines

Answer 44

superior

Question 45

The ________ mesenteric supplies the large intestines.

Answer 45

inferior

Question 46

List the 4 paired branches of the abdominal aorta.

Answer 46

(1) phrenic (superior and inferior) (2) renal (3) gonadal (4) lumbar

Question 47

The auperior and inferior phrenic arteries supply blood t0 the ________

Answer 47

diaphragm

Question 48

The ____ arteries supply blood to the kidneys.

Answer 48

renal

Question 49

The _____ arteries supply blood to the sex organs.

Answer 49

gonadal

Question 50

The ______ arteries supply blood to the the abdominal wall.

Answer 50

lumbar

Question 51

The _______ ______ supports the pelvic cavity (with the exception of the sex organs) and the lower extremeties.

Answer 51

Iliac arteries

Question 52

The _______ iliac artery sends branches to the pelvic organs.

Answer 52

Internal

Question 53

The _____ iliac artery sends branches to the thigh, popliteal, tibial, dorsalis pedis, and fibular areas.

Answer 53

External

Question 54

List the two arteries that branch into the arm and head.

Answer 54

(1) Carotid | (2) Subclavian

Question 55

The ______ carotid artery goes into the head and branches to eyes & anterior brain.

Answer 55

internal

Question 56

The external carotid artery branches to the

Answer 56

arm, hands

Question 57

The ________ artery supplies the arms and hands.

Answer 57

subclavian

Question 58

List the divisions of the subclavian artery:

Answer 58

(1) vertebral (2) axillaRY (3) brachial (4) radial (5) ulnar

Question 59

A _______ is a "communication" between two vessels.

Answer 59

anastamosis

Question 60

List 4 examples of anastamoses:

Answer 60

(1) Circle of Willis (cerebral arterial circle) (2) superficial palmar arch (3) mesenteric (4) deep plantar arch

Question 61

List the superficial systemic veins:

Answer 61

(1) cephalic (2) basilic (3) median cubital (4) saphenous

Question 62

What part of the body do the median cubital veins,and the basilic veins supplY?

Answer 62

hand

Question 63

What part of the body do the saphenous veins supply?

Answer 63

lower extremities

Question 64

List the two deep veins.

Answer 64

(1) Jugular | (2) The venae cavae

Question 65

The ___ jugular drans the head, face, and neck.

Answer 65

internal

Question 66

The _____ jugular drains the external carotid artery area.

Answer 66

external

Question 67

The interior and exterior jugular drain into the ______.

Answer 67

Subclavian

Question 68

The ______ ______ collect O2 poor blood from the head and extremities and carry it to the _____ atrium.

Answer 68

venae cavae, right

Question 69

The blood needs an extra filtering system. This system is called the

Answer 69

hepatic portal system

Question 70

To move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration:

Answer 70

diffusion

Question 71

The lungs exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide at the ________ level

Answer 71

capillary

Question 72

List two ways that circulation is accomplished without the mechanics of the heart.

Answer 72

(1) vasoconstriction | (2) vasodialation

Question 73

List the 3 mechanisms through which blood returns to the heart

Answer 73

(1) contraction (2) valves (3) breathing

Question 74

________ is the main way that blood is returned from the legs.

Answer 74

Contraction

Question 75

The pulse is the ________ of contraction in the ventricles.

Answer 75

force

Question 76

_______ _______ is the force exerted against the vessel walls.

Answer 76

blood pressure

Question 77

List 4 things that affect blood pressure

Answer 77

(1) total blood volume (2) cardiac output (3) blood flow resistance (4) vessel compliance (elasticity)