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A&P > Ch. 14: Blood Vessels and Blood Circulation > Flashcards

Ch. 14: Blood Vessels and Blood Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

List the 5 groups of blood vessels.

A

(1) Arteries
(2) Arterioles
(3) Capillaries
(4) Venules
(5) Veins

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2
Q

These carry blood away from the heart and toward the tissues. Carries oxygenated blood with the exception of the pulmonary artery.

A

Arteries

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3
Q

These pump blood into the arteries.

A

Ventricles

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4
Q

These are small subdivisions of the arteries and carry blood into the capillaries.

A

Arterioles

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5
Q

These are tiny, thin-walled vessels that allow for exchanges between systems.

A

Capillaries

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6
Q

Capillaries connect _____ with the ________.

A

arterioles, venules

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7
Q

These are formed by the merger of the venules and continue blood’s transport until is returned to the heart.

A

Veins

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8
Q

The _______ circuit delivers blood to the lungs where carbon dioxide is diminshed and oxygen is replenished.

A

pulmonary

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9
Q

The pulmonary circuit delivers to the heart via the _____ and ______ pulmonary arteries.

A

left, right

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10
Q

Describe the flow through the pulmonary circuit.

A

Left atrium –> ventricle –> body

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11
Q

The _______ circuit serves the body with blood loaded with oxygen.

A

systemic

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12
Q

List the three major components of the systemic circuit.

A

aorta, systemic capillaries, and systemic veins

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13
Q

The ____ are the largest vessels and receive blood from the left ventricle.

A

aorta

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14
Q

The _____ ______ exchanges materials between vessels.

A

systemic capillaries

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15
Q

The _______ _______ carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart via the inferior and superior vena cava.

A

systemic veins

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16
Q

List the 3 tunics of the arteries.

A

(1) endothelium
(2) middle tunic
(3) outer tunic

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17
Q

The _____ tunic is made of smooth, involuntary muscle under control of the ANS.

A

middle

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18
Q

The ________ tunic has a smooth surface over which the blood flows easily.

A

Endothelium (inner)

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19
Q

The _______ tunic is made of supporting connective tisse.

A

outer

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20
Q

Capillaries are about ____ cell thick.

A

one

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21
Q

Capillaries are the primary location where O2 and CO2 _______ take place.

A

exchange

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22
Q

_______ are formed by the union of capillaries.

A

Venules

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23
Q

______ enable blood to travel one way.

A

valves

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24
Q

The ______ is the largest artery at about 1” in diameter.

A

aorta

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25
Q

The aorta receives blood from the ____ ventricle.

A

left

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26
Q

The _______ aorta is near the heart and inside the pericardial sac.

A

ascending

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27
Q

The _______ _______ curves from the right to left and extends posteriorly.

A

aortic arch

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28
Q

The _______ aorta is part of the descending aorta that goes behind the heart and in front of the ______ ___.

A

thoracic

spinal cord

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29
Q

The abdominal aorta starts at the _______.

A

diaphragm

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30
Q

List the 3 parts of the aortic arch.

A

(1) brachiocephalic
(2) Left common carotid
(3) Left subclavian

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31
Q

The brachiocephalic branch of the aortic arch is further divided into:

A

(1) right subclavian

(2) right common carotid

32
Q

The brachiocephalic branch runs on the _____ side of the head.

A

right

33
Q

The _______ ______ feeds the right upper extremity.

A

right subclavian

34
Q

The _____ ______ ______ feeds the neck, head, and brain.

A

right common carotid

35
Q

The _____ _______ ______ feeds the left side of the neck and head.

A

left common carotid

36
Q

The _____ ______ feeds the left upper extremities.

A

left subclavian

37
Q

List the areas supplied by the descending aorta:

A

(1) chest wall and muscles
(2) espophagus
(3) bronchii
(4) lungs

38
Q

The descending aorta is also known as the ______ aorta.

A

thoracic

39
Q

The _______ arteries supply the ribs.

A

intercostal

40
Q

The ________ aorta has unpaired and paired branches.

A

abdominal

41
Q

The unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta make up the ______ trunk.

A

Celiac

42
Q

List the 3 truncks of the abdominal aorta:

A

(1) Celiac
(2) Superior mesenteric
(3) Inferior mesenteric

43
Q

The Celiac trunk is further divided into:

A

(1) gastric
(2) splenic
(3) hepatic

44
Q

The ________ mesenteric supplies the small intestines

A

superior

45
Q

The ________ mesenteric supplies the large intestines.

A

inferior

46
Q

List the 4 paired branches of the abdominal aorta.

A

(1) phrenic (superior and inferior)
(2) renal
(3) gonadal
(4) lumbar

47
Q

The auperior and inferior phrenic arteries supply blood t0 the ________

A

diaphragm

48
Q

The ____ arteries supply blood to the kidneys.

A

renal

49
Q

The _____ arteries supply blood to the sex organs.

A

gonadal

50
Q

The ______ arteries supply blood to the the abdominal wall.

A

lumbar

51
Q

The _______ ______ supports the pelvic cavity (with the exception of the sex organs) and the lower extremeties.

A

Iliac arteries

52
Q

The _______ iliac artery sends branches to the pelvic organs.

A

Internal

53
Q

The _____ iliac artery sends branches to the thigh, popliteal, tibial, dorsalis pedis, and fibular areas.

A

External

54
Q

List the two arteries that branch into the arm and head.

A

(1) Carotid

(2) Subclavian

55
Q

The ______ carotid artery goes into the head and branches to eyes & anterior brain.

A

internal

56
Q

The external carotid artery branches to the

A

arm, hands

57
Q

The ________ artery supplies the arms and hands.

A

subclavian

58
Q

List the divisions of the subclavian artery:

A

(1) vertebral
(2) axillaRY
(3) brachial
(4) radial
(5) ulnar

59
Q

A _______ is a “communication” between two vessels.

A

anastamosis

60
Q

List 4 examples of anastamoses:

A

(1) Circle of Willis (cerebral arterial circle)
(2) superficial palmar arch
(3) mesenteric
(4) deep plantar arch

61
Q

List the superficial systemic veins:

A

(1) cephalic
(2) basilic
(3) median cubital
(4) saphenous

62
Q

What part of the body do the median cubital veins,and the basilic veins supplY?

A

hand

63
Q

What part of the body do the saphenous veins supply?

A

lower extremities

64
Q

List the two deep veins.

A

(1) Jugular

(2) The venae cavae

65
Q

The ___ jugular drans the head, face, and neck.

A

internal

66
Q

The _____ jugular drains the external carotid artery area.

A

external

67
Q

The interior and exterior jugular drain into the ______.

A

Subclavian

68
Q

The ______ ______ collect O2 poor blood from the head and extremities and carry it to the _____ atrium.

A

venae cavae, right

69
Q

The blood needs an extra filtering system. This system is called the

A

hepatic portal system

70
Q

To move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration:

A

diffusion

71
Q

The lungs exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide at the ________ level

A

capillary

72
Q

List two ways that circulation is accomplished without the mechanics of the heart.

A

(1) vasoconstriction

(2) vasodialation

73
Q

List the 3 mechanisms through which blood returns to the heart

A

(1) contraction
(2) valves
(3) breathing

74
Q

________ is the main way that blood is returned from the legs.

A

Contraction

75
Q

The pulse is the ________ of contraction in the ventricles.

A

force

76
Q

_______ _______ is the force exerted against the vessel walls.

A

blood pressure

77
Q

List 4 things that affect blood pressure

A

(1) total blood volume
(2) cardiac output
(3) blood flow resistance
(4) vessel compliance (elasticity)

A&P (15 decks)

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