The Behaviourist Perspective Flashcards

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1
Q

(The Behaviourist Perspective) What are the principles of the behaviourist perspective?

A

All people are born ‘tabula rasa’ (blank slates). All behaviours are learnt from the environment.

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2
Q

(The Behaviourist Perspective) What are the concepts of the behaviourist perspective?

A

Classical conditioning, operant conditioning and social learning theory.

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3
Q

(The Behaviourist Perspective) What is classical conditioning?

A

Learning through association, the idea that we learn by associating things in the world (stimuli) with bodily reactions (responses).

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4
Q

(The Behaviourist Perspective) What is operant conditioning?

A

Learning as a result of rewards and punishment.

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5
Q

(The Behaviourist Perspective) Describe positive reinforcement (operant conditioning).

A

Give a person a reward when they show a desired behaviour.

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6
Q

(The Behaviourist Perspective) Describe negative reinforcement (operant conditioning).

A

Taking away something bad to encourage a particular behaviour.

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7
Q

(The Behaviourist Perspective) Describe positive punishment (operant conditioning).

A

Adding something to discourage behaviour.

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8
Q

(The Behaviourist Perspective) Describe negative punishment (operant conditioning).

A

Taking something to discourage behaviour.

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9
Q

(The Behaviourist Perspective) What is the social learning theory?

A

Learning through observing and imitating the behaviour of others

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10
Q

(The Behaviourist Perspective) What are 3 strengths of the behaviourist perspective?

A
  • Highlights the role of nurture when learning.
  • Can be useful to have practical applications in a range of different settings.
  • Focus on studying observable behaviour in a controlled lab experiments gives psychology scientific credibility.
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11
Q

(The Behaviourist Perspective) What are 3 weaknesses of the behaviourist perspective?

A
  • Ignores the influence of nature on behaviour, failing to take into account that genetics can place limits on individuals.
  • Lessons behaviourism teaches us can be difficult to apply.
  • Lab experiments lack ecological validly, fail to resemble behaviours that may be performed in real life.
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