The Basics Flashcards
is a postmortem (after death)
examination of the body and dissection of its internal
organs to confirm or determine the cause of death
Autopsy or necropsy
is the development of a cell
from an unspecialized to a specialized state.
Such precursor cells, which can divide and
give rise to cells that undergo differentiation,
are known as stem cells.
Differentiation
formation of a new
organism from parent organisms
Reproduction
increase in body size and
existing cells, number of cells and amount
of non-cellular material and size
Growth
the changes the body goes
through in life, differentiation (general to
specific) and growth and repair.
Development
actions and motions of the
organs
Movement
ability to adjust
Responsiveness
- breakdown of complex chemical
substances into simpler components.
Catabolism
are shown with arteries and veins neatly arranged
mesenteries
smaller and extends from the superior edge of the stomach to the liver
lesser omentum
Looks like fatty apron lying over abdominal viscera
Greater omentum
Between the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall
retroperitoneal
the serous membrane not
in direct contact with the heart
Parietal Pericardium
the serous membrane in
direct contact with the heart
Visceral Pericardium
Double-layered membrane containing fluid
between the two layers.
Serous Membrane
Breakdown smaller to complex
Anabolism
is the sum of all chemical
processes that occur in the body
Metabolism
maintain distinct internal
compartments and keep them protected from
internal and external forces/factors
Organization
- Structural changes
(gross to microscopic) associated with disease
Pathological anatomy
Internal body structures
that can be visualized with techniques such as
x-rays, MRI, CT scans, and other technologies
for clinical analysis and medical intervention.
Imaging anatomy
Surface markings of the
body to understand internal anatomy through
visualization and palpation (gentle touch).
Surface anatomy
Cellular structure and functions
Cell biology
The complete
development of an individual from fertilization
to death.
Developmental biology
The first eight weeks of
development after fertilization of a human egg.
Embryology
Studies of tissues
Histology
group of structures that
work together to perform a unique body
function
Systemic Anatomy
interrelationships of all
the structures in a specific body region
Regional Anatomy
study of the smaller
structures of the body
Microscopic Anatomy
– study of larger structures of
the body, visible without the aid of
magnification.
Gross Anatomy
The space between the pleural cavities that contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus, and major vessels.
Mediastinum
Lining
Membranes of Abdominal
Cavity and Pelvic Cavity
Peritonium
Lining
Membranes of Pleural Cavity (lungs) and Pericardial
Cavity (Heart)
Pleurae and Pericardium
Lining
Membranes in Cranial and vertebral cavity
Meninges
Abdominopelvic cavity
Abdominal
Cavity and Pelvic Cavity
Thoracic Cavity
Pleural Cavity and Pericardial
Cavity
Dorsal cavity
Cranial Cavity and Vertebral Cavity
There are three general cavities which can be
further subdivided by the associated organs
and lining membranes.
Dorsal, Thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavity
Most of the body’s organs is located in a pocket
like spaces of various sizes called cavities.
Anatomical Cavities
the anterior surface facing down
Prone
the anterior surface facing up
Supine
Can also be used to describe body position
Anatomical Position
separates the front from the back
Frontal/ Coronal
separates
the top from the bottom.
Transverse/ Horizontal / Cross section
the plane is exactly in the
middle of the whole body
Midsagittal
