The Armada and Hardwick Hall Flashcards
Name 4 Reasons for Conflict with Catholic Spain
Raiding of Spanish ships, Rebellion in the Spanish Netherlands, Execution of MQS, Papal Bull
Which key event occurred in 1584?
The leader of the Dutch rebels was assassinated by a Spanish catholic
How many troops did Elizabeth I send over to help the Dutch rebels in 1585?
7,000 English troops under Robert Dudley
Who did MQS pass her claim for the English throne on to?
King Philip II of Spain
In what year did Drake seize Spanish silver from ships at Nobre de Dios?
1572
What proportion of the ships in the Spanish Armada were designed for fighting?
1/3
What were fireships used to do?
Break up the formation and cause chaos and damage to enemy ships
How did improvements to English galleons in the 1570s help defeat the Armada?
Ships were faster and more manoeuvrable
How did English ships achieve a greater rate of fire?
Smaller gun carriages meant that small teams of men could quickly reload and return the cannon to its firing position
When does the Spanish Armada leave Lisbon?
28th May 1588
What does the Armada do on 21st June 1588?
Sets sail for England
When is the Spanish fleet spotted off the coast of Cornwall?
29th July 1588
What problem does the Armada find in Calais?
Soldiers who they planned to pick up from the Spanish Netherlands are not there
What important move does Drake make on 7th August 1588?
Leads an attack on the Armada using 8 fireships, causing many Spanish ships to cut their anchors
When does the Battle of Gravelines take place?
8th August 1588
How is the Spanish journey back home affected by weather conditions?
Strong winds and storms off the coasts of Scotland and Ireland leave many ships wrecked and battered
How many of the original 130 Spanish ships return?
65 Ships
Compare the number of English fatalities to Spanish fatalities
100 English deaths, 20,000 Spanish deaths
How did the defeat of the Armada unite England?
Most Catholics put their country before their faith, helping to secure protestantism
Name 2 Positive consequences of the Armada for Elizabeth I
Added to the image of her reign as a golden age, Showed England was a major naval power
Who was the designer of Hardwick Hall?
Robert Smythson
Who owned Hardwick Hall?
Bess of Hardwick
How long was the Long Gallery at Hardwick Hall?
162 feet
How is the use of glass in Hardwick Hall important?
Indoor light and the use of glass acts as a status symbol, Wollaton Hall of Sir Francis Willoughby
What was the open walkway at the front of Hardwick Hall inspired by?
The latest Italian renaissance styles
How did Hardwick Hall’s location help project Bess’ importance?
It was built on a hill dominating the local area and could be seen for miles around
What did the curved overmantel at Hardwick Hall show?
Reference to Bess and her husband’s families
How were paintings used at Hardwick Hall?
To show the legacy of Bess’ family, To show support for Queen Elizabeth I, To demonstrate wealth
When did Bess of Hardwick built Hardwick Hall?
1595
Which key development in architecture does Hardwick Hall?
The change from the more defensive settlements of the medieval era to homes built for luxury and to show wealth
