Interwar Germany Flashcards
After WW1, Germany was punished by…
The Treaty of Versailles
Name the 7 terms of the Treaty of Versailles
Germany had to accept blame, pay reparations to countries, had land taken from them, were stripped of their overseas colonies, had a limited army size, a limited navy size, and limited aircraft
Define Reparations
Compensation for war damage paid by a defeated state
Define Communism
All property is owned by the community and each person contributes according to their ability or needs
How much exactly did Germany have to pay in reparations?
£6.6 billion
The Treaty of Versailles agreed Germany could only have how many troops in the army?
10,000
What was wrong with the Weimar Republic’s political position?
Hard to pass laws, german states had too much power and ignored government, extremist groups were not quashed
Every… years there was an election in Weimar Germany
4
For every seat a party got…
they had the same percentage of people in parliament
Name 2 extremist groups that threatened the Weimar government
Spartacists and German Workers party
Who lead the German Workers Party?
Adolf Hitler
What were the spartacists political views?
They were an extreme communist party
What was the aim of the German Workers Party?
To restore the dictatorial rule of the kaiser
When was the Young Plan introduced?
1929
What was the Young Plan?
An agreement with America in which they would help Germany pay their reparations
Name 3 positives of Weimar Germany.
New Housing, Growing LGBTQ movement, New Schools and Tuition Schemes
Name 5 beliefs of the Nazi Party.
Nationalism, Racism, Antisemitism, Expansion of Germany’s borders, Dictatorial
How did the Nazis win people over to their cause?
Used people’s anger at unemployment to change ideals, Organised support for the unemployment, Had clear propaganda and messaging
What could Weimar Germany have done to prevent Nazi rule(at least 4 things)?
Arrest brownshirts, show more opposition to the Nazis, show more decisive action, given Hitler a harsher sentence for the Munich Putsch
Where was Adolf Hitler born?
Brauna an Imm, Austria
When did Hitler become Chancellor?
1933
When did Hitler become “supreme ruler”?
1934
In what year was membership of Nazi youth groups made compulsory?
1939
Define Eugenics
A pseudo-science where particular characteristics can be eliminated, or bred, into race
Define Indoctrination
The process of teaching people a set of beliefs so they were accepted without permission
How did the Nazis use education to indoctrinate young people?
Schools were nazified, with students having lessons in nazi theory and separate schools being used for Jews
What were boys taught to be in these youth groups?
Political Soldiers
What were girls taught to be in these youth groups?
Wifes and Mothers
Name 3 things young people enjoyed about Nazi youth groups.
Played sport, gave them importance, summer camps provided a holiday
Name 3 groups of people who resisted Nazi Germany’s indoctrination of young people?
Edelweiss pirates, parents, communists
What did Hitler believe the main purpose of women was?
To bear children
Why might a schoolgirl have 5 hours of sport a day in their timetable?
They were fit, healthy and desirable to men
True or False: Hitler believed men had higher staus than women
False
True or False: Hitler believed men and women had separate spheres
True
What does the eagle symbolise?
Power, Strength, Protection
What did Hitler use propaganda to achieve(3 things)?
Support for his antisemitic beliefs, success in the polls, population growth of Nazi Germany
Name 3 issues with Hitler’s views on women.
Were told to be housewives then called to do work in WW2, more starvation as women were pushed to have more children than they could afford, women couldn’t fetch money
Define Extremism
The holding of extreme poloitical or religious views
Define Colonies
A country under the political control of another country
Why was Hitler able to establish a dictatorship?
Anger at communists, promised to fix problems, enabling act, great orator, dissolved reichstag
Define Incentive
When you offer someone something
What incentives did Nazi Germany offer citizens(5 things)?
Money, Cars, Cruises, Holidays, Mother’s Cross, Chance to sit in on Nazi meetings, Land, A scapegoat
Who were the Gestapo?
Secret State Police, feared widely
What is another term for the SA?
Brownshirts
Summarize “The Night of the Long Knives”
Important leaders in the SA were murdered as Hitler thought they were threats to his power
Summarize “Krystallnacht”
SS men destroyed Jewish industries and sent 20,000 to concentration camps
How did the 1936 Olympics both help and hinder the Nazis cause?
Germany won, Black athletes such as Jesse Owens shone and fought against racist and antisemitic ideals and the belief of “Social Darwinism”
Whose permission was required to publish a book in Nazi Germany?
Joseph Goebbels
Who were the SS?
Hitler’s Police Force
What else did Goebbels control?
Newspapers, Pro-nazi rallies, what music and art was allowed
