Stalin's Brutal Reign

Question 1

Name 3 Reasons Stalin was able to gain power

Answer 1

Use of Lenin’s memory in speeches and to discredit rivals, Packed Congress of Soviets with supporters, Use of political infighting and promises about pushing forward industry

Question 2

In what year were Lev Kamenev and Gregory Zinoviev expelled from the party?

Answer 2

1927

Question 3

In what year was Nikolai Bukharin expelled from the party?

Answer 3

1928

Question 4

Why was Stalin’s appointment as Secretary of State important?

Answer 4

Appointed on 3rd April 1922, allowed him to appoint key supporters in important positions within the part

Question 5

Name 1 Statistic on Stalin’s Appointment of Key Supporters

Question 6

Name 4 Strategies Stalin used to consolidate power

Answer 6

Propaganda, Education, Show Trials, The Cult of Personality

Question 7

Define The Cult of Personality

Answer 7

The building up of Stalin as a God-like figure as religious worship is banned and processions arranged praising Stalin

Question 8

How did Stalin describe the purges of 1934?

Answer 8

“The Final Destruction of All Enemies”

Question 9

Between What Years did the party purges occur?

Answer 9

1934-38

Question 10

Why did Stalin launch the party purges?

Answer 10

He was paranoid of enemies at all corners and felt at risk of assassination

Question 11

When was Sergei Kirov murdered?

Answer 11

1st December 1934

Question 12

What was the name of Stalin’s second wife?

Answer 12

Nadezhda Alliluyeva

Question 13

How many army officers were murdered as part of the purges?

Answer 13

25,000 army officers

Question 14

How many NKVD members were purged in 1937?

Answer 14

20,000 members

Question 15

Name 3 Priorities of Stalin in 1931

Answer 15

Military Improvement, Economic Development, Industrialisation

Question 16

Why did Stalin want to modernise the USSR?

Answer 16

He felt they would be crushed by capitalist countries if they did not catch up in these sectors

Question 17

Name 3 Reasons industrialisation was required in the USSR

Answer 17

Barren land was being left unused, crop production was low, militarily the country was underdeveloped

Question 18

Name 4 Negative Impacts of Industrialisation

Answer 18

Housing and QOL did not improve at same rate, work was difficult and unfair, work quotas placed strain upon workforce, people afraid due to the Great Terror

Question 19

What was the focus of the first five year plan(1928-32)

Answer 19

Major industry

Question 20

Name 3 Positives of Industrialisation

Answer 20

Improvements in cities infrastructure and leisure, scale of industrialisation very impressive, USSR entered into war far more prepared and advanced

Question 21

What were the benefits of the second five year plan(1933-37)?

Answer 21

Transport and agriculture boosted, The Moscow Underground Railway built, improvements in development

Question 22

What was the focus of the second five year plan(1933-37)?

Answer 22

Heavy industry and mineral extraction

Question 23

What was the focus of the third five year plan(1938-42)?

Answer 23

Further industrialisation

Question 24

What were the results of the third five year plan(1938-42)?

Answer 24

Transport greatly increased, higher production of consumer goods

Question 25

Why was the third five year plan less effective?

Answer 25

Plans were heavily disrupted by WW2

Question 26

Define Collectivisation

Answer 26

Stalin's policy of taking land off peasants and creating large state-owned farms in order to increase industrialisation

Question 27

What was the primary purpose of collectivisation?

Answer 27

To end grain shortages as 90% of produce went to government

Question 28

Name 1 Statistic in support of collectivisation

Answer 28

22.5 million tonnes of grain acquired in 1932 compared to just half that in 1928

Question 29

When was the policy of collectivisation introduced?

Answer 29

1928 as part of the first five year plan

Question 30

How did collectivisation influence Kulaks?

Answer 30

Those that resisted or responded with violence were branded as Tsarist sympathisers and capitalists and sent to concentration camps

Question 31

Which event did collectivisation and the killing of Kulaks lead to?

Answer 31

The Ukraine Famine(1932-33)

Question 32

How many Kulaks were sent to labour camps during the period of collectivisation?

Answer 32

2.5 million

Question 33

What was the average length of a Kulak sentence?

Answer 33

10 Years

Question 34

Name 2 ways collectivisation and industrialisation benefited women

Answer 34

Increased role in Society, able to earn better incomes as many drafted into industry

Question 35

Name 1 Statistic on the importance of women in Stalin's regime

Answer 35

Contributed to 40% of industrial workers by 1937

Question 36

Define Stakhanovite

Answer 36

An extremely hard-working and productive member of the soviet union

Question 37

In what year did Operation Barbarossa take place?

Answer 37

1941

Question 38

How many German troops invaded the Soviet Union as part of Operation Barbarossa?

Answer 38

3.5 million German troops

Question 39

What was WW2 nicknamed in the USSR?

Answer 39

The Great Patriotic War

Question 40

In what years did the Siege of Leningrad and Battle of Stalingrad take place?

Answer 40

Siege of Leningrad(1941), Battle of Stalingrad(1942-43)

Question 41

Name 3 Successes of Stalin's Wartime Leadership

Answer 41

Effective propaganda and The Cult of Personality, Scorched earth policy, Nazi-Soviet pact allowing time to prepare for war

Question 42

Define a Scorched Earth Policy

Answer 42

A military strategy of burning or destroying crops and resources that may be useful to an invading force

Question 43

Name 2 Ways the USSR's success in war was influenced by other factors

Answer 43

Soviet spies, aid from the US, Difficult terrain and weather, Large area to attack, Marshal Zhukov's successes

Question 44

What did the Nazi-Soviet Pact agree?

Answer 44

That neither Germany nor the USSR would invade each other and Poland would be split between them

Question 45

Why did the USSR sign the pact?

Answer 45

Stalin felt worried due to a lack of military preparation or rearmament

Question 46

Why did Nazi Germany sign the pact?

Answer 46

Hitler wanted to take over the Baltic States and buy time to prepare for the USSR

Question 47

In what year was the Nazi-Soviet Pact signed?

Answer 47

1939