Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A-Level History: Britain 1785-1870 > The 1867 Reform Act > Flashcards

The 1867 Reform Act Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards World History 101 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards
1
Q

What was the size of the population of Britain in 1861?

A

31 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What was the borough franchise qualification as set in 1832 Reform Act?

A

£10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What did Lord Russell propose in 1852 to extend the franchise?

A

that the existing borough qualification should be decreased from £10 to £6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many times was Lord Russell’s bill (of 1852) to extend the franchise rejected by Parliament?

A

3 times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was the main reason that measures to extend the franchise in the 1850s were defeated?

A

An uderlying fear of the working class becoming enfranchised and voting for the Liberals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What reform measure did the Conservative Party offer in 1859?

A

To retain the existing borough franchise and extend it into the counties.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What law was passed in 1858 that enhanced the democratic process?

A

The removal of property qualifications for MPs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give 2 reasons why political reform was off the agenda in the early 1860s?

A

Lord Palmerston was opposed to it and foreign policy issues were important

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What did Birmingham MP John Bright found with Richard Cobden in 1839?

A

The Anti-Corn Law League

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What did MP John Bright begin in 1858 aimed at promoting political reform?

A

A series of public speeches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When did the American Civil War begin and end?

A

1861-1865

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many people were employed in the textile industry in Lancashire by 1860?

A

355,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How did the American Civil War contribute to political reform in Britain?

A

Cotton imports into the UK stopped due to the Union blockading the Confederate southern ports. Textile workers were laid off but they were supportive of the anti-slavery movement in the USA and this impressed British leaders such as Gladstone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How did Lord Palmerston refer to the working class?

A

the ‘residuum’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What organisation was formed in 1864 calling for an extension to the franchise, equal distribution of seats and a secret ballot?

A

The National Reform Union

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who was Samuel Morley?

A

A prominent member of the Reform Union, MP for Nottingham, who campaigned for extending the franchise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What organisation was formed in 1865 that also campaigned for political reform but had more of a working class membership?

A

Reform League

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What were 2 main differences between the Reform Union and the Reform League?

A

Middle-class v Working-class, tactics used, aims demanded, Reform Union had more money, Reform League had more widespread support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why might the government have become worried about social unrest between 1865-1866?

A

Poor harvest 1865 led to price of bread increase, economic crisis in 1866 with companies going bankrupt, high unemployment, cholera epidemic in London.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What did supporters of political reform do on 23rd July 1866?

A

After the government banned a peaceful demonstration in Hyde Park the supporters, who believed that the government was acting illegally, broke through the railings and rioted.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How many more voters did the act create?

A

1 million more voters = 2.46 million voters total

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What was there less of under the new system?

A

Corruption - but still no secret ballot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What did parties do more of under the new system?

A

Campaign because the size of the new electorate made it impossible to bribe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What did the wealthy still do in election?

A

Buy seats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What % of the population was the electorate?

A

Doubled to 18% of adult male population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What did each party need to encourage supporters to do?

A

Register so it became more centralised and organised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What did parties become?

A

. More definitive in their ideologies
. Two party system established

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Who lost their seat after 1867?

A

Henry Hunt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Who was wealthy and could win seat because of this after 1867?

A

William Gladstone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

When was Gladstone PM?

A

1868-1874,180-1885,1886,1892-1894

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What reform was passed in Gladstone’s first ministry?

A

The secret ballot act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What did Gladstone do with the 1867 bill?

A

Attacked the bill and debated with Disraeli and it became more radical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What did the1867 bill aid?

A

The rise of the liberal party and helped Gladstone to victory - defeated Disraeli in 1880

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What did Disraeli invest in the idea of?

A

One nation conservatism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Who did Disraeli appeal to?

A

Working class men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

How did Disraeli want his party to vote on 1867 and why?

A

Wanted them to vote for the bill as the newly enfranchised electorate would be grateful and vote conservative

37
Q

Did Disraeli’s prediction come true?

A

No - conservative lost there first election where the newly enfranchised vote

38
Q

What repeal did Gladstone support?

A

Corn law

39
Q

Who was still over represented

A

The south and England

40
Q

What qualification still existed?

A

Property qualification

41
Q

What fraction of adult males could vote?

A

1/3

42
Q

Which parties were established

A

Conservative and liberal

43
Q

How many boroughs were completely disenfranchised

A

7

44
Q

Who did the power move slowly away from?

A

From the wealthy elite

45
Q

Who were most of the new voters?

A

Industrial workers in towns

46
Q

In Irish borough who were given the vote?

A

£4 ratepayers

47
Q

What happened with Scotland?

A

The franchise was brought into line with England and 7 seats transferred from England to Scotland

48
Q

What change was made to counties?

A

All owners or leaseholders of land worth £5 a year could vote

49
Q

What change was made to boroughs voting?

A

All male householders who paid rates provided they had lived there for at least a year and lodgers who occupied property worth at least £10 for at least one year

50
Q

How many boroughs got an extra seat?

A

6

51
Q

Who was one seat reserved for?

A

University of London

52
Q

What types of boroughs lost seats and how many seats were lost

A

. 45 seats lost
. Boroughs with less than 10,000 people

53
Q

Of these 45 lost seats where did they go?

A

. 25 went to counties
. 15 to boroughs without an MP
. 1 extra MP to Liverpool, Manchester, Leeds, Birmingham
. 1 MP to University of London

54
Q

1872 Ballot Act

A

. Attempted to deal with the problem of electoral malpractice by allowing secret ballots.
. Bribery and corruption reduced
. Made a difference where there were lots of voters
. Voting was a political act rather than as social occasion

55
Q

The Corrupt and Illegal Practices Act of 1883

A

. The Ballot Act had failed to remove bribery
. The 1883 act established what a candidate could spend on election expenses
. Allegations of illegal acts during elections declined significantly and average election expenditure of candidates fell

56
Q

What did the 1880 election lead to the government setting up?

A

The government setting up a Royal Commission to investigate electoral practices

57
Q

When was the The Corrupt and Illegal Practices Act?

A

1883

58
Q

1884 Parliamentary Reform Act

A

. By the 1880s it was widely recognised that voters in counties deserved the same political rights as those in the boroughs
. Act created a uniform franchise in both county and borough
. But plural voting was permitted

59
Q

After the 1884 Parliamentary Reform Act how many had the vote?

A

. 2 in 3 men had the vote
. Almost 18% of the total population

60
Q

When was the Parliamentary Reform Act?

A

1884

61
Q

1885 Redistribution of Seats Act

A

. Gave growing towns the right to send more MPs to Parliament
. Redistribution of 142
. Cut the old dominance of southern England
. Increased Scottish representation to 72.

62
Q

When was the Redistribution of Seats Act?

A

1885

63
Q

1911 Parliament Act

A

. Reduced the power of the House of Lords
. Replaced their veto with the ability only to delay bills from the House of Commons for two years

64
Q

When was the Parliament Act?

A

1911

65
Q

1918 Representation of the People Act

A

. Feeling WWI had to be for something positive
. Gave vote to all men over 21 and all women over 30

66
Q

When was the Representation of the People Act?

A

1918

67
Q

What did Robert Peel not support?

A

The 1832 Reform Act

68
Q

Who was John Bright?

A

. Liberal MP for Manchester and Birmingham
. Founded anti corn law league with Richard Cobden

69
Q

National reform union - founded, lead by who and who supported it?

A

. Formed in 1864
. Led by wealthy Manchester merchants, industrialists and radical MPs
. Supported by middle class liberals

70
Q

Who was the National Reform Union attractive to?

A

Attractive to the intellectual elite of the Liberal Party

71
Q

National Reform Union aims

A

Household suffrage, distribute seats more evenly and bring in secret ballots

72
Q

By 1867 how many branches of the National Reform Union had been set up and where?

A

150 branches mainly in industrial towns

73
Q

Reform bill 1852

A

. Withdrawn due to opposition
. Radicals said it didn’t go far enough
. Proposed extending the vote to men in property worth £5/year in boroughs and £10/year in counties

74
Q

When were further reform bills introduced before 67, what happened and what did this show?

A

. 1853 and 1859 but all not passed.
. Shows there was a stronger will within Parliament to achieve reform

75
Q

What did Lord Palmerston do in 1830?

A

Defected from the Tories to the Whigs

76
Q

What did Palmerston do as PM and what did he think about democracy?

A

. Blocked further parliamentary reform
. Democracy would bring scum to the top

77
Q

During 1821-1861 what did the population rise to?

A

24 million to 31 million

78
Q

What was public opinion about reform like in the 1850s?

A

. Not a great deal of agitation unlike 1832
. People had a more modern outlook and were more accepting of democracy

79
Q

Reform league

A

. Formed in 1865
. Pressed for complete manhood suffrage
. Met in pubs and working men’s clubs

80
Q

The National Reform Union vs The Reform League

A

The National Reform Union had the money, the Reform League had the membership and by 1867 were working together

81
Q

Who did The Reform League attract?

A

. It attracted trade unionists and ex-chartists
. Mainly a working-class organisation

82
Q

How many branches did The Reform League have 1867?

A

Had 400 branches by 1867

83
Q

What did The Reform League do in Hyde Park?

A

A league rally in Hyde Park, July 1866 led to rioting in London

84
Q

What did Disraeli separately want to end?

A

The Liberal Party’s stranglehold on power

85
Q

Although the Earl of Derby was the PM
1866-1868, who steamrollered the 1867 Reform Act?

A

Disraeli

86
Q

What reform bill did Gladstone try to introduce?

A

A cautious reform bill to give the vote to 1 in 4
instead of property qualification - Whigs sided with Tories to defeat it

87
Q

The US Civil War impact on reform

A

. Interrupted cotton imports and caused widespread unemployment during the ‘Cotton Famine’
. Sudden economic downturn in 1866 increased social discontent
. Boosted memberships of the Reform League, the Reform Union

88
Q

Party rivalry helped the passage of 1867

A

Rivalry between Gladstone and Disraeli

89
Q

What did the Tories do after the defeat of the Liberal bill in 1866?

A

. Seized the political momentum
. They won the next election with a small minority and Disraeli introduced a reform bill in 1867

A-Level History: Britain 1785-1870 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions