Thalamus II Motor to Cognitive- Burke Flashcards
Auditory system entails several parallel pathways and information for each ear reaches both sides of the system even at the level of the brainstem
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Medial geniculate
a SPECIFIC thalamic nucleus (driven by auditory input coming from the outside) that is the stop before the cortex
What are the
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Lateral geniculate nucleus
- sends axons via optic radiations
- projections from the retinal nucleus striated pathway
- within the nucleus we have 6 layers
magnocellular are big are for motion and spatial analysis (layer 1 and 2)
parvocellular are small and for form and color (layers 3-6) ????
layer 1 is contralateral layers 2, 3, 5 are ipsilateral
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- Magnocellular will have large center surround receptive fields
- Parvocellular will have smaller receptive field for sharper
Koniocellular project to layers 2,3 of the primary visual cell cortex; have the smallest cell bodies; have strong color sensitivity
When Auditory becomes Visual, a thalamic role in cross-modal plasticity?
LGN will receive projections from the retinal ganglion cells from the optic nerve. This will drive the LGN (outside stimulus) and repel other projections from coming in.
What happens with someone congenitally blind or deaf?
Auditory becomes Visual, a thalamic role in cross-modal plasticity
cross-modal plasticity in specific auditory cortices underlies visual compensation in the deaf
You see with the visual cortex not your eyes. You hear with your brain not your ears.
blind person has really high contrast
Where are modulatry goals?
layers 6
Pulvinar plays an important role in the higher processing of the cortex???
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Motor Nuclei VL, VA, VI
-Basal Ganglia
-Cerebellum
Modulation and coordination of movement
Initiation and planning of movement
Coordination of movement
Cognitive function?
Basal Ganglia circuitry???
-gives GABAergic output to the thalamus
What are the four loops that go through the basal ganglia?
- motor loop
- limbic loop
- cognitive loop
- oculomotor loop
Subthalamic nucleus
is the only part of the midbrain that is purely glutamatergic (Excitatory)
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super important for midline cognitive functions???
Anterior Nuclear Group Lateral Dorsal (LD)
have reciprocal connections with mammillary bodies and cingulate gyrus