Thalamus & Hypothalamus ppt22

Question 1

What does the thalamus relay?

Answer 1

all sensory except smell. 
the Fs
feed
fight
flee
fornicate

Question 2

What is the largest division of the diencephalon?

Answer 2

the thalamus (relay center)

Question 3

Where is the input of the ventral posterolateral nucleus of thalamus from?

Answer 3

l for legs= BODY

Question 4

Where is the input of the ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus from?

Answer 4

m for makeup= FACE

Question 5

Where is the input of the medial geniculate nucleus of thalamus from?

Answer 5

geniculate- genitals of the face
m- music

Auditory

Question 6

Where is the input of the lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus from?

Answer 6

geniculate- genitals of the face
l- not music

Visual

Question 7

What artery supplies the main sensory relay centers of the thalamus?

Answer 7

Thalamogeniculate Arteries

Question 8

What is the function of the thalamus?

Answer 8

sensory
motor
emotional/memory
vegetative (awaken)

Question 9

What is the internal capsule of the thalamus?

Answer 9

layer of white matter (myelinated axons) that separates the caudate nucleus and thalamus medially and from the lentiform nucleus laterally.

Question 10

What arteries supply the internal capsule of the thalamus?

Answer 10

Anterior limb- lenticulostriate & ACA

Genu- Lenticulostriate

Posterior- Lenticulostriate & Ant. Choroidal Artery

Question 11

What does the Posterior limb of the internal capsule contain?

Answer 11

• sensory radiations (pain, temperature, and touch).
• corticospinal fibers.

• visual and auditory radiations.

Question 12

What are the regulatory functions of the hypothalamus?

Answer 12

Regulation of

• body’s internal environment,
• water balance
• body temperature
• food intake (feeding behavior)
• sleep and wakefulness

Question 13

What are the functional nuclei of the hypothalamus?

Answer 13

Anterior Nucleus
Posterior Nuc
Lateral Nuc
Medial (ventromedial)
Suprachiasmatic

Question 14

What are the functions of the the nuclei of the hypothalamus

Answer 14

Anterior- (radiator) cooling
Posterior- (exhaust) heating
Lateral- (gas cap) hunger
Medial- (gas tank) satiety
Suprachiasmatic- (Sun roof) circadian rhythm

Question 15

How does the body regulate temperature?

Answer 15

skin circulation
metabolic rate
sweating
behavioral change

Question 16

What is the mechanism of fever?

Answer 16

infection-cytokines-
BBB at organum vasculosum laminar terminalis (OVLT)-
increase hypothalamic set point.

Question 17

What are the phases of fever?

Answer 17

Chills- vasoconstriction and possible shivering until fever is established

Breaks- body temp above set point, patient hot and vasodialated

Question 18

Hyperthermia (hypothalamus)

Answer 18

High temperature that could be fatal.

Anterior hypothalamus that controls the heat loss

Question 19

Gential Dystrophy and abnormal Sexual Development

hypothalamus

Answer 19

lesions to the tuberal region of the hypothalamus but that may extend to the ventromedial nucleus

loss of sexual activity and genital atrophy

Question 20

Feeding, Obesity, and Emaciation

hypothalamus

Answer 20

Lesion of the medial- in creased appetite

lesion of the lateral- loss of appetite

Question 21

Aggression and rage (Hypothalamus)

Answer 21

Tumors located that impinge on the ventromedial hypothalamus

expressions of violent behavior

Question 22

Sleep disorders (Hypothalamus)

Answer 22

Damage to the posterior region of the hypothalamus

Damage to ascending fibers from the reticular

Question 23

Hypothermia (hypothalamus)

Answer 23

Damage to the POsterior hypothalamus.

Question 24

Diabetes insipidus (hypothalamus)

Answer 24

Damage of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei ( ADH)