Cranial Nerves ppt 16 Flashcards

1
Q

Mnemonic for the cranial nerves

A

Oh once one takes the anatomy final very good vacations are heavenly

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2
Q

What are the corticobulbar fibers?

A

serve as the source of upper motor neuron innervation of lower motor neurons in cranial nerve nuclei

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3
Q

What cranial nerve and muscles have corticobulbar innervation?

A
  • Muscles of mastication (CN V)
    • Muscles of facial expression (CN VII) - (partially bilateral)
    • Palate, pharynx, and larynx (CN X)
    • Tongue (CN XII)
    • Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles (CN XI)
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4
Q

CNI - Olfactory

A

Function: Smell

Origin: Olfactory bulb- cribriform plate-olfactory epithelium

Damage: Anosmia

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5
Q

CNII- Optic

A

Function: Vision

Origin: Retina-optical canal-optic chiasma- thalamus

Damage: Blindness, anopsias, papilledema, optic atrophy

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6
Q

CNIII- Oculomotor

A

Function: Movements of eye.

Origin: ventral midbrain- orbital fissures- eye

Damage: Eye rotates down and out. Ptosis. double vision

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7
Q

Eye Movement Mnemonic

A

LR6 SO4 AO3

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8
Q

Fibers of CNIII

A
  • Somatic motor fibers to four of the six extrinsic eye muscles (inferior oblique and superior, inferior, and medial rectus muscles)
  • Parasympathetic (autonomic) motor fibers to sphincter pupillae, and to ciliary muscle, controlling lens
  • Sensory (proprioceptor) afferents
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9
Q

CNIV- Trochlear

A

Function: Superior oblique muscle

Origin: Midbrain-orbital fissure- eye

Damage: Double vision. Cannot move eye down and out

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10
Q

CNV1- Trigeminal Ophthalmic division

A

Function: Sensory forehead and eyes

Origin: Pons- orbital fissure- face

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11
Q

CNV2- Trigeminal Maxillary

A

Function: Sensory Checkbones, nose

Origin: Pons- Forament rotundum- face

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12
Q

CNV3- Trigeminal Mandibular

A

Function: Sensory jaw chin (ant. 2/3 tongue touch). muscle of mastication

Origin: through the foramen ovale

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13
Q

Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

painful afflictions known caused by a disorder of the fifth cranial (trigeminal) nerve.

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14
Q

CNVI- Abducens

A

Functions: Lateral Rectus Muscle

Origin: Pons-supirior orbital fissure- eye

Damage: eye rotates medially

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15
Q

CNVII- Facial

Divisions

A
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
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16
Q

CNVII- Facial

A

Function: muscles of facial expression. Tears
TASTE ant 2/3 taste

Origin: Pons-internal acoustic meatus- face

17
Q

CNVII Facial

Innervation

A
  • Corticobulbar innervtion of facial motorneurons to muscles of the upper face is bilateral.
  • Muscles of the mouth, is only contralateral only.
18
Q

Bell’s palsy

A

Paralysis or severe weakness of the nerve that controls the facial muscles on the side of the face

Eyelid droops
corner of mouth sags dry-eye syndrome

19
Q

CNVIII- Vestibulocochlear

A

Function: vest- equilibrium. cochlear- hearing

Origin: pons medulla border- internal acoustic meatus, inner ear

Damage: deafness, nystagmus, nausea, vertigo

20
Q

CN IX- glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Function: (post 1/3 touch and taste) Tongue and pharynx

Origin: Medulla- jugular foramen- throat.

Damage: impair swallowing and taste.

21
Q

CNX Vagus

A

Function: a lot

Origin: Medula- jugular foramen- neck- thorax and abdomen

Damage: hoarseness or mute, difficulty swallowing and impaired digestive system motility.

22
Q

CNXI Accessory

A

Function: Trap and SCM

Origin: Spinal cord- foramen magnum- jugular foramen- back and neck

Damage: Head trun to injury side, no shrugging

23
Q

CNXII Hypoglossal

A

Function: Motor tongue

Origin: medulla- hypoglossal canal- tongue

Damage- tongue deviation to affected side.