Autonomic Nervous System ppt 24 Flashcards
What is the autonomic response?
Emotional responses of the body & responses to environment without conscious knowledge of the individual.
What does the ANS control?
functions of the involuntary organs of the body that include heart & blood vessels, exocrine & endocrine glands, & all visceral organs.
functions of the body such as circulation, respiration, digestion, excretion, & reproduction.
Parasympathetic preganglionic neuron are referred to as
crainosacral outflow
Sympathetic preganglionic neurons are referred to as
thoracolumbar outflow
What is the peripheral ganglion of the lacrimal gland?
Pterygopalatine ganglion
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic preganglionic
myelinated type B fiber
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic postganglionic
unmyelinated type C fiber
Parasympathetic neurotransmitter
pre- Ach
post- Ach
Sympathetic neurotransmitter
pre- Ach
post- Ach/NE
What do sympathies fibers do on the visceral organs
increase heart and respiratory rates, and inhibit digestion and elimination
What is the dual ANS innervation of the eye?
- Pupillary dilator muscle (sympathetic) dilates pupil
- Constrictor pupillae (parasympathetic) constricts pupil
What is the dual ANS innervation of the external genitalia?
- Point and Shoot
- Parasympathetic fibers cause vasodilation and are responsible for erection
- Sympathetic fibers cause ejaculation
What effectors receive only sympathetic innervation?
adrenal medulla, erector pili muscles, sweat glands and many blood vessels
ANS regulation of the enteric (gut)
Sympathetic and parasympathetic influence
The enteric nervous system can also function independently through local reflexes
What are visceral reflex arc?
same basic components as somatic reflexes, but all visceral reflexes are polysynaptic.
What is orthostatic hypotension?
causes?
sitting or lying down suddenly stands up.
Caused by decrease the frequency of action potentials in sympathetic nerves innervating blood vessels.
What is Raynaud’s?
spasmodic contraction of blood vessels in the periphery of the body, results in pale, cold hands
exaggerated sensitivity of blood vessels to sympathetic innervation
Achalasia
difficulty in swallowing and in controlling contraction of the esophagus
abnormal parasympathetic regulation of the swallowing reflex.
Hirschprung’s disease
Ineffective parasympathetic stimulation and a predominance of sympathetic stimulation of the colon inhibit peristaltic contractions
Familial Dysutonomia
autosomal recessive gene, causes reduced tear gland secretion, poor vasomotor control, trouble in swallowing, and other symptoms. It is the result of poorly controlled autonomic reflexes (loss of neurons in autonomic and sensory ganglia.)
Horner’s Syndrome
Pancoast tumor in the apex of the lung as the tumor compresses the sympathetic fibers
hornE PAM
(pseudoptosis),
(miosis),
(Anhidrosis)
Sinking of eyeball in the orbit (Enophthalmos),
