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Certamen History: Harrison + Roessler History Database > Tetrarchy, Constantine, And The Fall of The West > Flashcards

Tetrarchy, Constantine, And The Fall of The West Flashcards

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1
Q

How long did Diocletian reign for?

A

284-305 A.D

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2
Q

When did Diocletian begin his reign?

A

284 A.D.

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3
Q

Diocletian was a peasant from what part of Illyricum?

A

Dalmatia

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4
Q

Diocletian’s reign marks the end of what era?

A

Era of the Barrack Emperors

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5
Q

In what year did Diocletian split the Roman Empire into a tetrachy (a four person rule, a ruler for each of the four new sections)?

A

293 A.D.

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6
Q

Two of the leaders in the Tetrachy would hold a traditional imperial title, while another two would hold a different traditional imperial title. What were these two titles?

A

two of them holding the title of Augustus, two of them holding the title of Caesar

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7
Q

Who were the original tetrachs?

A

Diocletian, Galerius, Maximian, and Constantius Chlorus (father of Constantine the Great)

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8
Q

What was Diocletian’s capital?

A

Nicomedia

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9
Q

What was Galerius’s capital?

A

Sirmium

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10
Q

What was Maximian’s capital?

A

Mediolanum

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11
Q

What was Constantius Chlorus’s capital?

A

Augustus Treverorum

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12
Q

Who was Augustus in the East?

A

Diocletian

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13
Q

Who was Constantius Chlorus’ Caesar in the East?

A

Galerius

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14
Q

Who was the last emperor to sack Ctesiphon?

A

Galerius

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15
Q

Who did Galerius fight against?

A

Parthia

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16
Q

What king did Galerius defeat in order for him to sack Ctesiphon

A

King Narses

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17
Q

In what year did Galerius sack Ctesiphon?

A

297 A.D.

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18
Q

Who was Augustus in the West during the First Tetrarchy?

A

Maximian

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19
Q

In what year did Maximian became Augustus in the West?

A

286 A.D.

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20
Q

Who was Maximian’s Caesar in the West?

A

Constantius Chlorus

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21
Q

Who declared themselves emperor in Britain from 287-293 A.D?

A

M. Aurelius Mausaeus Carausius

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22
Q

From what years did M. Aurelius Mausaeus Carausius declare himself emperor of Britain?

A

287-293 A.D.

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23
Q

Who replaced M. Aurelius Mausaeus Carausius as emperor in Britain?

A

Allectus

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24
Q

When was Allectus made emperor in Britain?

A

293 A.D.

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25
Q

In what year did Constantius Chlorus defeat Allectus, restoring Britain?

A

296 A.D.

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26
Q

Diocletian dealt with what uprising against his rule in Egypt (296-7 A.D.)?

A

Domitius Domitianus and Aurelius Achilleus

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27
Q

In what years did the uprising of Domitius Domitianus and Aurelius Achilleus take place?

A

296-7 A.D.

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28
Q

Who was Diocletian’s patron god?

A

Jove (Jupiter)

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29
Q

Who was Maximian’s patron god?

A

Hercules

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30
Q

What edict did Diocletian establish in 301 A.D.?

A

Edict On Maximum Prices

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31
Q

When did Diocletian establish his Edict On Maximum Prices?

A

301 A.D.

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32
Q

What baths did Diocletian establish?

A

Baths of Diocletian

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33
Q

Diocletian is known for his prosecution of what group?

A

Christians

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34
Q

When did Diocletian and Maximian jointly abdicate from the throne?

A

May 1st, 305 A.D.

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35
Q

Where did Diocletian retire to?

A

Salona (Split), modern-day Croatia

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36
Q

Who abdicated from the throne jointly with Diocletian?

A

Maximian

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37
Q

How long was Constantius Chlorus Augustus in the West after the resignation of Maximian?

A

305-306 A.D.

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38
Q

Who became Augustus in the West after the resignation of Maximian?

A

Constantius Chlorus Augustus

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39
Q

How long did Galerius reign as Augustus in the East after the abdication of Diocletian?

A

305-311 A.D.

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40
Q

Who became Augustus in the East after Diocletian abdicated from the throne?

A

Galerius

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41
Q

Who passed the Edict of Toleration in 311 A.D. on their deathbed?

A

Galerius

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42
Q

When was the Edict of Toleration established?

A

311 A.D.

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43
Q

What did the Edict of Toleration end?

A

Prosecution of Christians

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44
Q

What happened when Maximian tired to reclaim the throne?

A

Tries to regain throne with and from son Maxentius and also against Constantine, who forces his (Maximian’s) suicide in 310

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45
Q

How long did Maxentius rule as Caesar in the West?

A

306-312 A.D.

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46
Q

Maxentius was the son of whom?

A

Maximian

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47
Q

Who opposed Maxentius coming to the throne as Caesar?

A

Constantine and Severus II

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48
Q

Who made Maxentius Caesar in the West after the death of Severus the Second in 307 A.D.?

A

His father Maximian

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49
Q

Who was made Augustus in west by Galerius to oppose Maxentius?

A

Licinius

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50
Q

Licinius was Augustus in the west for how long?

A

308-311 A.D.

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51
Q

After the death of whom was Licinius made Augustus in the east?

A

Galerius

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52
Q

When did Galerius die?

A

311 A.D.

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53
Q

How long was Licinius Augustus in the east?

A

311 A.D.- 313 A.D.

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54
Q

Who did Licinius defeated to become sole emperor of the empire in 313 A.D.?

A

Maximinus Daia

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55
Q

When was Licinius made sole emperor?

A

313 A.D.

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56
Q

Licinius’s sole office of emperor last how long for him?

A

313-323 A.D.

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57
Q

Constantine the First is also commonly know as whom?

A

Constantine The Great

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58
Q

How long did Constantine rule for?

A

306-337 A.D.

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59
Q

When did Constantine the Great begin his reign?

A

306 A.D.

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60
Q

Who were the parents of Constantine the Great?

A

Constantius Chlorus and Helena

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61
Q

Upon who’s death was Constantine the Great made emperor?

A

Constantius Chlorus’s, his father’s

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62
Q

Where was Constantine the Great first proclaimed emperor in 306 B.C.?

A

Eboracum (York)

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63
Q

What emperor, famous for his successful action against the Goths, is Constantine the Great proclaimed to be a descendant of?

A

Claudius Gothicus

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64
Q

When did Constantine the Great defeat Maxentius (son of Maximian)?

A

Milvian Bridge in 312 A.D.

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65
Q

In what year did Constantine the Great defeat Maxentius (son of Maximian)?

A

312 A.D.

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66
Q

Who did Constantine the Great defeat at Milvian Bridge in 312 A.D.?

A

Maxentius (son of Maximian)

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67
Q

Describe the vision Constantine the Great had before the battle at Milvian Bridge?

A

Sometime before the battle, legend has it he looked up to the sun and saw a cross of light above it, and with it the Greek words “Εν Τούτῳ Νίκα”, En toutō níka, usually translated into Latin as “in hoc signo vinces,” both phrases have the literal meaning “In this sign, you shall conquer;”

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68
Q

What words did Constantine the Great see on the cross in his vision?

A

“Εν Τούτῳ Νίκα”, En toutō níka, usually translated into Latin as “in hoc signo vinces,” both phrases have the literal meaning “In this sign, you shall conquer;”

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69
Q

After the battle at the Mivian Bridge, what part of the empire did Constantine the Great rule?

A

full control of the west

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70
Q

After the battle at the Mivian Bridge, what part of the empire did Licinius rule?

A

control of the east

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71
Q

In what year did Constantine the Great defeat Licinius, and become sole emperor of the empire?

A

324 A.D. at Adrianople and ultimately at Chrysopolis

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72
Q

In what battle was Licinius ultimately defeated?

A

Chrysopolis

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73
Q

In what battles were Licinius defeated by Constantine the Great?

A

324 A.D. at Adrianople and ultimately at Chrysopolis

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74
Q

What edict did Constantine the Great issue, legalizing Christianity throughout the Empire in 313 A.D.?

A

Edict of Milan

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75
Q

In what year was the Edict of Milan passed?

A

313 A.D.

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76
Q

What did the Edict of Milan do?

A

legalized Christianity throughout the Empire

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77
Q

In what year was the council of Nicaea held?

A

325 A.D.

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78
Q

The council of Nicaea resolved what controversy?

A

Arian controversy

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79
Q

Arians believes that Jesus was not God, instead he was what?

A

Subordinate to God, rather than equal to the Holy Ghost and God the Father

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80
Q

Who was an Arian?

A

Arius of Alexandria

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81
Q

Who opposed Arian?

A

Athanasius of Alexandria

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82
Q

The Council of Nicaea decided who was wrong?

A

Arius

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83
Q

What came out of the Council of Nicaea?

A

The Nicene Creed (Apostles’ Creed)

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84
Q

Who was Constantine the Great’s eldest son by his first wife, Minervina?

A

Crispus

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85
Q

Who was Minervina?

A

Constantine the Great’s first wife?

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86
Q

When did Constantine the Great have Crispus executed?

A

326 A.D.

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87
Q

Whom did Constantine the Great execute in 326 A.D.?

A

Crispus and also Fausta, his second wife

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88
Q

Who was Constantine the Greats second wife?

A

Fausta,

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89
Q

When did Constantinople (former Byzantium, modern Istanbul) become the capital of the empire?

A

330 A.D.

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90
Q

What city was made capital of the empire in 330

A.D.?

A

Constantinople (former Byzantium, modern Istanbul)

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91
Q

Who was the first emperor to convert to Christianity?

A

Constantine the Great

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92
Q

When did Constantine the Great die?

A

337 A.D.

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93
Q

When was Constantine the Great baptized?

A

shortly before his death in 337 A.D.

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94
Q

After Constantine the Great’s death, what three sons of his split the empire between themselves?

A

Constantine II, Constans I, Constantius II

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95
Q

What sons did Constantine’s second wife, Fausta, give to him?

A

Constantine II, Constans I, Constantius II

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96
Q

How long did Constantine the Second reign for?

A

337–340 A.D.

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97
Q

What provinces did Constantine the Second recieve to rule?

A

Gaul, Britannia, Hispania, and Mauretania

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98
Q

Who defeated Constantine the Second in battle?

A

Constans I

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99
Q

Who reigned from 337-350 A.D?

A

Constans I

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100
Q

How long did Constans I reign for?

A

337-350 A.D

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101
Q

What provinces did Constans I recieve?

A

Italy, Africa, Illyricum, Pannonia, Macedonia, and Achaea

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102
Q

How did Constans I die?

A

assassinated

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103
Q

Who gave orders to assassinate Constans I?

A

Magnentius, a British and Frankish officer

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104
Q

How long did Constantius II reign for?

A

337-361 A.D.

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105
Q

Who received Constantinople, Thrace, Asia Minor,

Syria, Egypt, and Cyrenaica to rule?

A

Constantius II

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106
Q

Who did Constantius II fight against in 351 A.D.?

A

Mangnetius

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107
Q

Who killed themselves in 353 A.D. after being defeated by Constantius II?

A

Mangnetius

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108
Q

When did Constantius II die?

A

Died of illness on his way to battle his cousin Julian in the east.

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109
Q

How long did Julian reign for?

A

361-363 A.D

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110
Q

How was Julian related to Constantine the Great?

A

Nephew of Constantine the Great

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111
Q

Who was the last emperor of the Constantinian line?

A

Julian

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112
Q

Why is Julian known as the “Apostate”?

A

tried to restore paganism throughout the empire

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113
Q

Who tried to restore paganism throughout the empire?

A

Julian, the “Apostate”

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114
Q

What Persian ruler did Julian fight?

A

Shapur II

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115
Q

What group did Julian fight?

A

Persians

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116
Q

Who died of a spear wound said to have been thrown by a Christian?

A

Julian

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117
Q

How long did Jovian reign for?

A

363-364 A.D

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118
Q

How many months did Jovian reign for?

A

8 months

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119
Q

Who was Jovian?

A

General, unrelated to Constantine’s family who ruled for 8 months

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120
Q

Who negotiated a treaty with Shapur II?

A

Jovian

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121
Q

How was Jovian towards paganism?

A

Rescinded the pagan policies of Julian

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122
Q

The Battle of Adrianople (378 A.D.) was fought against whom?

A

Goths under Fritigern

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123
Q

Who led the Goths at the Battle of Adrianople?

A

Fritigern

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124
Q

In what day, month, and year did the Battle of Adrianople take place in?

A

August 9th, 378 A.D.

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125
Q

The Battle of Adrianople was a crushing defeat for whom?

A

The Romans

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126
Q

What Roman died at the Battle of Adrianople?

A

Valens

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127
Q

Valens ruled where?

A

in the east

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128
Q

Where did Gratian rule?

A

in the west

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129
Q

How long did Gratian rule for?

A

375-383 A.D. in west

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130
Q

Gratian was the son of whom?

A

Valentinian I

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131
Q

Who convinced Gratian to renounce the title of pontifex maximus and remove the altar of victory?

A

St. Ambrose of Milan

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132
Q

Gratian was killed and defeated by whom?

A

usurper Magnus Maximus, commander in

Britain

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133
Q

What emperor was the son of Valentinian I and half-brother of Gratian?

A

Valentinian II

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134
Q

At what age was Valentinian II made co-Augustus in the west?

A

4 years of age (375 A.D.)

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135
Q

Who defeated and killed Valentinian II in 392 A.D.?

A

Frankish commander named Arbogast

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136
Q

After his defeat of Valentinian II in 392 A.D., Arbogast installed who as emperor?

A

Eugenius as emperor

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137
Q

How long did Theodosius I reign for in the east as co-Augustus?

A

379-392 A.D.

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138
Q

How long did Theodosius I reign for as emperor of the whole empire?

A

392-395 A.D.

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139
Q

Who was defeated at the Battle of the Frigidus River in 394 A.D.?

A

emperor Eugenius

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140
Q

Who won at the Battle of the Frigidus River?

A

Theodosius I

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141
Q

In what year did the Battle of the Frigidus River occur?

A

394 A.D.

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142
Q

Who was the last emperor to rule over both the west and the east?

A

Theodosius I

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143
Q

Theodosius I made what religion the official one of the state?

A

Christianity

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144
Q

Theodosius I closed all temples that were associated with what type of religion?

A

Paganism

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145
Q

What games did Theodosius I end?, because of their association with paganism?

A

Olympic games

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146
Q

Who was the bishop of Milan?

A

St. Ambrose

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147
Q

Theodosius I was forced to repent for what massacre by St Ambrose?

A

massacre at Thessalonica

148
Q

When did Theodosius I die?

A

395 A.D.

149
Q

Who were the sons and successors of Theodosius I?

A

Honorius and Arcadius

150
Q

What son of Theodosius I ruled in the west?

A

Honorius

151
Q

What son of Theodosius I ruled in the eat?

A

Arcadius

152
Q

How long did Arcadius rule in the east for?

A

395-408 A.D.

153
Q

How old was Arcadius when he became emperor?

A

17 or 18 years old

154
Q

Who was Stilicho?

A

Flavius Stilicho was a high-ranking general in the Roman army who, for a time, became the most powerful man in the Western Roman Empire. He was half Vandal and married to the niece of Emperor Theodosius I.

155
Q

Who was Arcadius’s corrupt Praetorian Prefect?

A

Rufinus

156
Q

Who rivaled Stilicho?

A

Praetorian Prefect Rufinus

157
Q

Who conspired to have Praetorian Prefect Rufinus killed?

A

Stilicho conspired with Gainas, an Ostrogoth, to have Rufinus killed

158
Q

How long did Honorius reign in the West for?

A

395- 423 A.D.

159
Q

How old was Honorius when he became emperor?

A

10 years old

160
Q

Where did Honorius move the western capital to?

A

Ravenna

161
Q

Who was Alaric?

A

King of the Visogoths

162
Q

Where did Stilicho defeat Alaric?

A

the Battle of Pollentia (402 A.D.) and Battle of Verona (403 A.D.)

163
Q

In what year did the Battle of Pollentia take place?

A

402 A.D.

164
Q

In what year did the Battle of Verona take place?

A

403 A.D.

165
Q

What was Stilicho’s military title under Honorius?

A

magister utriusque militiae, master of both cavalry and infantry

166
Q

In what year was Stilicho executed?

A

408 A.D.

167
Q

Why did Honorius execute Stilicho?

A

charges of Stilicho colluding with Alaric

168
Q

In what year did Alaric of the Visigoths sack the city Rome (first time Rome was sacked in 800 years since Brennus)?

A

August 24th, 410 A.D.

169
Q

Who sacked the city of Rome on August 24th, 410 A.D.?

A

Alaric of the Visigoths

170
Q

Who succeeded Aleric?

A

Ataulf

171
Q

Who was taken captive by Aleric during his sack of Rome?

A

Galla Placidia, the daughter of Theodosius I and halfsister of Honorius

172
Q

How long did Valentinian the Third rule for in the West?

A

425-455 A.D. in the west

173
Q

Who were the parents of Valentinian the Third?

A

Galla Placidia and Constantius III

174
Q

What general defeated Atilla the Hun at the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains (Chalons) in 451 A.D?

A

Flavius Aetius

175
Q

In what battle was Atilla the Hun defeated by Flavius Aetius in 451 A.D.?

A

the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains (Chalons)

176
Q

In what year did the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains (Chalons) occur?

A

451 A.D.

177
Q

Who was Valentinian the Third’s sister?

A

Honoria

178
Q

What bishop convinced Attila to make peace with Rome, or to withdraw from Italy without carrying off Valentinian III’s sister, Honoria (453
A.D.)?

A

Bishop of Rome, Leo I

179
Q

When did Bishop of Rome, Leo I convince Attila to make peace with Rome, or to withdraw from Italy without carrying off Valentinian III’s sister, Honoria?

A

453 A.D.

180
Q

Why was general Flavius Aetius executed by Valentinian’s III?

A

Valentinian III wasunder the influence of Petronius Maximus and the chamberlain Heraclius (454 A.D.)

181
Q

Who was the king of the Vandals?

A

Gaiseric

182
Q

In what year did Gaiseric sack Carthage?

A

439 A.D.

183
Q

What city did Gaiseric sack in 439 A.D.?

A

Carthage

184
Q

When did Gaiseric sack and plunder Rome?

A

June 3rd, 455 A.D

185
Q

Gaiseric abducted who during his sack of Rome on June 3rd, 455 A.D?

A

Valentinian III’s daughters, the younger Placidia and Eudocia

186
Q

How long did Theodosius II reign in the east for?

A

408 A.D.-450 A.D. in the east

187
Q

What women dominated Theodosius II’s rule?

A

his sister Pulcheria, and wife Aelia Eudoxia

188
Q

What work compiled all the Romans laws passed since 312 A.D. into a book of law?

A

Codex Theodosianus by Theodosius II

189
Q

What is the first university in the wolrd?

A

The Imperial University of Constantinople

190
Q

Where was The Imperial University of Constantinople located?

A

Constantinople

191
Q

Who founded The Imperial University of Constantinople

A

Theodosius II

192
Q

In what year was The Imperial University of Constantinople founded?

A

425 A.D.

193
Q

Theodosius II held the longest reign since whom?

A

Augustus

194
Q

Theodosius II ruled what part of the empire?

A

The east

195
Q

How did Theodosius II die?

A

riding incident (450 A.D.)

196
Q

When did Theodosius II die?

A

450 A.D.

197
Q

How did the eastern ruler Martian reign for?

A

450 A.D.-457 A.D.

198
Q

How long did the eastern ruler Leo I rule for?

A

457-474 A.D.

199
Q

Leo I’s attack on Gaiseric

A

a (failed) three-pronged attack on Gaiseric in 468 A.D. after he had obtained release of Eudoxia and Placidia the Younger.

200
Q

How long did Zeno rule for in the east?

A

474-491 A.D.

201
Q

Zeno ruled as emperor in the east after what part had already fallen?

A

the west

202
Q

How long did the Eastern ruler Justinian rule for?

A

527 A.D.-565 A.D.

203
Q

What law code, similar to that of Theodosius II, did Justinian pass?

A

Corpus Iuris Civilis

204
Q

Who did Justinian send to attempt to reconquer the western Roman Empire?

A

Belisarius to try to reconquer the western empire

205
Q

Who was Ricimer in the west?

A

grandson of the Visigothic Wallia, and an Arrian, Christian, placed several of these guys on the throne and was named magister utriusque militiae under Avitus

206
Q

Who succeeded Ricimer in his position?

A

Gundobad, Ricimer’s Burgundian nephew, succeeded him in the same position (472 A.D.)

207
Q

Who was the last western emperor of Rome?

A

Romulus Augustulus

208
Q

When did Romulus Augustulus reign in the west?

A

475-476 A.D

209
Q

Who placed Romulus Agustulus on the throne?

A

Orestes, the successor to Gundobad and father Romulus Augustulus, placed him on the throne

210
Q

What was Orestes former position?

A

secretary to Attila the Hun

211
Q

Who deposed of Romulus Agustulus?

A

German king Odoacer

212
Q

When was Romulus Augustulus deposed?

A

September 476

213
Q

Who was emperor in the east while Romulus Augustulus was emperor in the west?

A

Zeno

214
Q

How was Odoacer killed?

A

Theoderic the Great (Ostrogoth) killed Odoacer at a banquet circa 493 A.D.

215
Q

What Roman emperor had been a cavalryman under Gallienus?

A

Diocletian

216
Q

Diocletian previously served as cavalry man under what Roman emperor?

A

Gallienus

217
Q

Who was elevated to the rank of Caesar by Diocletian after crushing the revolt of the Bacaudae, before becoming co-Augustus with him?

A

Maximian

218
Q

What group of desperate, rebelling peasants was crushed by Maximian, resulting in him appointed Caesar to Diocletian?

A

Bacaudae

219
Q

What rank was Maximian elevated to after crushing the revolt of the Bacaudae?

A

Caesar

220
Q

What enemy of Rome cleared the British Channel of pirates in 286 AD?

A

Marcus Aurelius Carausius

221
Q

Carausius cleared what body of water of pirates in 286 AD?

A

British/English Channel

222
Q

When did Carausius clear the British Channel of pirates?

A

286 AD

223
Q

How many provinces / dioceses did Diocletian divide the empire into?

A

12

224
Q

What Roman emperor divided the empire into 12 provinces, called dioceses?

A

Diocletian

225
Q

Give the Latin term for the individual that would be in control of a dioces

A

Vicarius

226
Q

What Roman emperor turned the empire from 40 regions to 105?

A

Diocletian

227
Q

Diocletian turned the empire from how many to how many regions?

A

40 - 105

228
Q

Diocletian’s wife was of what religious faith?

A

Christian

229
Q

What Roman emperor’s wife was Christian?

A

Diocletian

230
Q

What Roman emperor died at Eboracum on July 25th, 306 AD?

A

Constantius Chlorus

231
Q

On what day, month, and year did Constantius Chlorus die?

A

July 25th, 306 AD

232
Q

When was the Conference of Carnuntum, arranged between Diocletian and members of the 2nd Tetrarchy?

A

308 AD

233
Q

A conference at what location was called in 308 AD, between Diocletian and members of the 2nd Tetrarchy?

A

Carnuntum

234
Q

Carnuntum was located in what Roman province?

A

Panonia

235
Q

Name the wife of Licinius, also the half-sister of Constantine I

A

Constantia

236
Q

Constantia was the half-sister of what Roman emperor?

A

Constantine I / The Great

237
Q

Constantia was the wife of what Roman emperor?

A

Licinius

238
Q

When was the Battle of Aquileia, which led to the death of Constantine II?

A

340 AD

239
Q

What battle was in 340 AD?

A

Battle of Aquileia

240
Q

Name the victorious Roman emperor, and the Roman emperor who lost and died at Aquileia in 340 AD

A

Victorious: Constans I
Loser/Dead: Constantine II

241
Q

At what battle was Constans I victorious over his brother Constantine II, killing him in 340 AD?

A

Battle of Aquileia

242
Q

What usurper in late Roman history was defeated by Constantius II?

A

Magnentius

243
Q

What Roman emperor defeated Magnentius, who comitted suicide after?

A

Constantius II

244
Q

What Roman emperor was killed at Ctesiphon while fighting Shapur II?

A

Julian

245
Q

At what city was the emperor Julian killed while fighting Shapur II?

A

Ctesiphon

246
Q

The emperor Julian was killed at Ctesiphon while fighting what Persian king?

A

Shapur II

247
Q

Ammianus Marcellinus writes in great detail about the emperorship of what Roman emperor?

A

Julian

248
Q

What Roman wrote in great detail about the emperorship of Julian?

A

Ammianus Marcellinus

249
Q

What Roman emperor stopped condemning Christians to gladiatorial games?

A

Valentinian I

250
Q

Valentinian I stopped condemning people of this type of religious faith to gladiatorial games?

A

Christians

251
Q

How did Valentinian I die?

A

Of a stroke during negotiations with the Quadi

252
Q

What Roman emperor, while negotiating with the Quadi, died of a stroke?

A

Valentinian I

253
Q

Valentinian I died of a stroke while negotiating with what tribe?

A

Quadi

254
Q

What Roman emperor created the office of defensor civitatis?

A

Valentinian I

255
Q

What office did Valentinian I create?

A

Defensor Civitatis

256
Q

What Roman general put down a revolt by Firmicus?

A

Count Theodosius (father of the emperor)

257
Q

Theodosius (father of the emperor) put down a revolt led by what man?

A

Firmicus

258
Q

What two tribes, led by Fritigern, killed Valens on August 9th, 378 AD at Adrianople?

A

Ostrogoths and Visigoths

259
Q

What usurper was proclaimed emperor by his soldiers in Britain, 383 AD?

A

Magnus Maximus

260
Q

When was Magnus Maximus proclaimed emperor by his soldiers in Britain?

A

383 AD

261
Q

What Roman emperor accepted Magnus Maximus as his co-emperor after Maximus killed Gratian?

A

Theodosius I

262
Q

What man did Theodosius I accept as his co-emperor, after he overthrew and executed Gratian?

A

Magnus Maximus

263
Q

Who was the magister militum of Theodosius I?

A

Stilicho

264
Q

What position did Stilicho hold under Theodosius I?

A

Magister Militum

265
Q

What Roman emperor died at Milan in 395 AD?

A

Theodosius I

266
Q

What location did Theodosius I die at?

A

Milan / Mediolanum

267
Q

What Roman emperor was unique because he had the consulship bestowed upon him at birth?

A

Honorius

268
Q

At birth, Honorius had what Republican-era office bestowed upon him?

A

Consulship

269
Q

In 402 AD, the captial of the Western Roman empire is moved from what location to Ravenna?

A

Milan / Mediolanum

270
Q

When is the capital of the Western Roman empire moved from Mediolanum to Ravenna?

A

402 AD

271
Q

In 402 AD, the capital of the Western Roman empire is moved from Mediolanum to what Roman fortress?

A

Ravenna

272
Q

What battle in Roman history is that last ever to have a triumphal parade after it?

A

Battle of Pollentia

273
Q

The Battle of Polletia is unique because it’s the last one to have what sort of celebration after it?

A

A triumph

274
Q

What Roman commander effectively abandoned Britain to defeat Alaric?

A

Stilicho

275
Q

Stilicho had to remove troops from this region, essentially abandoning it, in order to deal with Alaric

A

Britain / Britannia

276
Q

Name the daughter of Theodosius I who would marry both Ataulf and Constantius III

A

Galla Placidia

277
Q

Name the father of Galla Placidia, a Roman emperor

A

Theodosius I

278
Q

Name the husbands of Galla Placidia

A

Ataulf, Constantius III

279
Q

Name the half-sister of Honorius and Arcadius

A

Galla Placidia

280
Q

Galla Placidia was the half-sister of what two Roman emperors?

A

Arcadius, Honorius

281
Q

Name the mother of Valentinian III

A

Galla Placidia

282
Q

Galla Placidia was the mother of what Roman emperor?

A

Valentinian III

283
Q

Name the two kings of the Visigoths in order after Alaric

A

Ataulf, Wallia

284
Q

What king of the Visigoths was the successor to Alaric?

A

Ataulf

285
Q

Name the predecessor of Ataulf, king of the Visigoths

A

Alaric

286
Q

What king of the Visigoths was the successor to Ataulf?

A

Wallia

287
Q

Name the predecessor of Wallia, king of the Visigoths

A

Ataulf

288
Q

What Roman commander burned the Sibylline Books in 405 AD?

A

Stilicho

289
Q

What objects did Stilicho burn in 405 AD?

A

Sibylline Books

290
Q

When did Stilicho burn the Sibylline Books?

A

405 AD

291
Q

When was the battle of Faesulae, the decisive battle of the War against Radagaisus?

A

406 AD

292
Q

What battle was in 406 AD?

A

Battle of Faesulae

293
Q

Name the victorious and losing commanders at Faesulae in 406 AD

A

Victorious: Stilicho
Losing: Radagaisus

294
Q

At what battle did Stilicho decisively defeat Radagaisus, in 406 AD?

A

Battle of Faesulae

295
Q

What woman did Atilla the Hun want to abduct from Rome, the sister of Valentianian III?

A

Honoria

296
Q

What Roman emperor kills Flavius Aetius?

A

Valentinian III

297
Q

What magister equitum of his does Valentinian III kill in 454 AD?

A

Flavius Aetius

298
Q

Who succeeded Aetius as magister equitum of Valentinian III?

A

Ricimer

299
Q

Ricimer succeded what man as magister equitum of Valentinian III?

A

Flavius Aetius

300
Q

What position did both Ricimer and Aetius hold in relation to Valentinian III?

A

Magister Equitum

301
Q

Name the two Magister Equitum of Valentinian III

A

Flavius Aetius, Ricimer

302
Q

What Roman arranged for the murdering of both Valentinian III and Heraclius (the replacement of Aetius)?

A

Petronius Maximus

303
Q

What Roman emperor was murdered by a plot spearheaded by Petronius Maximus?

A

Valentinian III

304
Q

What two men were recognized as emperor after the death of Valentinian III?

A

Avitus, Majorian

305
Q

Avitus and Majorian were both recognized as emperor after the death of what man in 455 AD?

A

Valentinian III

306
Q

What notable Roman backed Majorian’s claim to the throne after the death of Valentinian III, and later put many other “puppet emperors” on the throne?

A

Ricimer

307
Q

What man did Ricimer back to be emperor after the death of Valentinian III?

A

Majorian

308
Q

What Eastern emperor recognized Majorian as emperor in the West on April 1st, 457 AD, partly due to Ricimer’s insistence?

A

Leo I

309
Q

Leo I recognized what emperor as the emperor in the West on April 1st, 457 AD, partly due to the insistence of Ricimer?

A

Majorian

310
Q

On what day, month, and year, was Majorian made emperor of the West by Leo I?

A

April 1st, 457 AD

311
Q

What Roman emperor was killed on August 21st, 461 AD?

A

Majorian

312
Q

On what day, month, and year was Majorian killed?

A

August 21st, 461 AD

313
Q

Who killed Majorian?

A

Ricimer

314
Q

What Roman emperor was appointed after Majorian?

A

Libius Severus / Severus III

315
Q

Severus III was appointed emperor after the death of what previous Roman emperor?

A

Majorian

316
Q

How was Severus III killed?

A

Poisoned by Ricimer

317
Q

Who killed Severus III?

A

Ricimer

318
Q

What Roman emperor was killed in 465 AD by being poisoned by Ricimer, the very person who appointed him in the first place?

A

Severus III

319
Q

What Roman emperor succeeded Severus III?

A

Anthemius

320
Q

Anthemius was proclaimed emperor after the death of what previous Roman emperor?

A

Severus III

321
Q

What Roman emperor failed to expel Visigothic King Euric from Spain, leading to Ricimer having him killed in 472 AD?

A

Anthemius

322
Q

What king of the Visigoths did Anthemius fail to expel from Spain, leading to his death by Ricimer?

A

Euric

323
Q

Euric was another king of what people?

A

Visigoths

324
Q

Who killed Anthemius?

A

Ricimer

325
Q

Who did Ricimer appoint emperor after he had Anthemius killed?

A

Olybrius

326
Q

Olybrius was appointed emperor after the death of what previous Roman emperor by Ricimer?

A

Anthemius

327
Q

How did Olybrius surprisingly die, unlike Majorian, Severus III, and Anthemius?

A

Natural Causes

328
Q

What Roman emperor was the only one of Ricimer’s “puppet emperors” to die of natural causes?

A

Olybrius

329
Q

Name the four “puppet-emperors” of Ricimer

A

Majorian, Libius Severus (Severus III), Anthemius, Olybrius

330
Q

Majorian, Severus III, Anthemius, and Olybrius were influenced to become emperor by what man, who really ruled Rome at the time?

A

Ricimer

331
Q

Name the son of Arcadius who succeeded him as emperor

A

Theodosius II

332
Q

Name the father of Theodosius II, also the previous emperor

A

Arcadius

333
Q

How old was Theodosius II when he become emperor of Rome?

A

7 years old

334
Q

What region of Italy was Romulus Augustulus sent to live out the rest of his life after being deposed by Odoacer?

A

Campania

335
Q

What Roman emperor was sent to Campania to live out the rest of his life, after being deposed by Odoacer?

A

Romulus Augustulus

336
Q

Where was Odoacer killed by Theodoric the Great?

A

Ravenna

337
Q

What usurper was killed at Ravenna by Theodoric I, in 493 AD?

A

Odoacer

338
Q

Where had Carausius been stationed before he began his rebellion?

A

Gesoriacum

339
Q

What Roman, stationed at Gesoriacum, staged a rebellion against the Western Tetrarchy?

A

Marcus Aurelius Carausius

340
Q

What Praetorian Prefect under Constantius Chlorus defeaeted Allectus near Silchester at the end of the rebellion of Carausius?

A

Asclepiodotus

341
Q

Asclepiodotus defeated what successor of Carausius, near Silchester at the end of his rebellion?

A

Allectus

342
Q

Near what location did Asclepiodotus defeat Allectus?

A

Silchester

343
Q

Asclepiodotus was the Praetorian Prefect of what Roman emperor?

A

Constantius Chlorus

344
Q

What position was held by Asclepiodotus, in relation to Constantius Chlorus?

A

Praetorian Prefect

345
Q

In what year did Theodosius order the closure of all pagan temples?

A

391 AD

346
Q

What deed did Theodosius do in 391 AD?

A

Ordering the closure of all pagan temples

347
Q

Zeno was originally a chieftain in what mountainous Turkish region, whose people later led an extended revolt against the rule of Anastasius I?

A

Isaura / Isauria

348
Q

What Roman emperor of the East was originally a chieftain of the Isaurians?

A

Zeno

349
Q

In 532 AD, agitators from two chariot-racing factions set fire to several important buildings in Constantinople in what set of riots, but were crushed by Justinian’s general Belisarius?

A

Nika Riots

350
Q

During the reign of what Roman emperor did the Nika Riots occur?

A

Justinian I

351
Q

When were the Nika Riots?

A

532 AD

352
Q

What general of Justinian I crushed the Nika Riots?

A

Belisarius

353
Q

During the Nika Riots, agitators from two chariot-racing factions set fire to several important buildings in what famous city?

A

Constantinople / Byzantium

354
Q

Name the wife and daughter of Diocletian

A

Prisca; Galeria Valeria

355
Q

What Roman emperor was the husband of Prisca?

A

Diocletian

356
Q

What Roman emperor was the father of Galeria Valeria?

A

Diocletian

357
Q

What Roman emperor beheaded Diocletian’s wife and daughter (Prisca and Valeria)?

A

Licinius

358
Q

What two people did Licinius behead, a prior emperor’s wife and daughter?

A

Prisca and Galeria Valeria

359
Q

Name the son of Galerius

A

Candidianus

360
Q

Candidianus was the son of what Roman emperor?

A

Galerius

361
Q

What Roman emperor executed a rival’s son, Candidianus?

A

Licinius

362
Q

What son of a rival, Galerius, did Licinius execute?

A

Candidianus

363
Q

At waht battle did Licinius defeat Maximinus Daia?

A

Battle of Tzirallum

364
Q

Name the victor and loser at the Battle of Tzirallum

A

Victor: Licinius
Loser: Maximinus Daia

365
Q

At what city did Maximinus Daia commit suicide?

A

Tarsus

366
Q

What Roman emperor committed suicide at Tarsus, having lost to Licinius at Tzirallum and being chased by him to that location?

A

Maximinus Daia

Certamen History: Harrison + Roessler History Database (9 decks)

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