Five Good Emperors Era Flashcards
This expands beyond the Five Good Emperors, focusing on the era rather than just the five good.
The Five Good Emperors Era lasts how long?
96 A.D. – 193 A.D.
Who was the first “good”emperor?
Nerva
When was Nerva inaugurated emperor, beginning the Five Good Emperors Era?
96 A.D.
How long did Nerva reign for?
96-98 A.D.
How did Nerva end up emperor?
Chosen by the Senate to be emperor after Domitian’s death
Who was Praetorian Prefect under Domitian from 94-96 A.D.?
Petronius Secundus
Who called for the assassination of Petronius Secundus?
praetorian prefect Casperius Aelianus
When was Petronius Secundus assassinated?
97 A.D.
Who replaced Petronius Secundus as Praetorian Prefect?
Casperius Aelianus
Who was forced to adopt Trajan as heir?
Nerva
By adopting Trajan as his heir, Nerva set the precedent for what popular Roman imperial concept?
the idea of cooptation – adopting someone to be your
heir, not just a blood relative
When did Nerva die?
98 A.D.
How did Nerva die?
Fever
How long did Trajan reign for?
98-117 A.D.
When did Trajan start his reign?
98 A.D.
In what modern country was Trajan born in?
Spain
In what Spanish city was Trajan born in?
Italica
Trajan was considered a great emperor. Relating to Rome’s foreign involvement, why might this be?
under him Rome reached its
greatest territorial extent
How many provinces were their during Trajan’s reign?
46
Rome reached its greatest territorial extent in what year?
117 A.D.
Who was Trajan’s wife?
Plotina
What emperor conquered the Dacians and King Decebalus?
Trajan
In what year was Dacia added to the empire?
106 A.D.
What province was added to the empire in 106 A.D.?
Dacia
What battle against the Dacians occurred in 101 A.D.?
Second Battle of Tapae
The Second Battle of Tapae occurred in what year?
101 A.D.
What forum was built into the sides of the Quirinal Hill?
Forum of Trajan
What architect constructed the Forum of Trajan?
Apollodorus of Damascus
What other construction is Apollodorus of Damascus credited with creating (pertains to military campaigns)?
“Trajan’s Bridge” for the Dacian campaigns)
What column in the Forum of Trajan commemorates Trajan’s victories over the Dacians?
Column of Trajan
The Forum of Trajan is the last of what?
imperial fora
What construction of Trajan’s is said to be built over Nero’s Domus Aurea (Golden House)?
Trajan’s Baths
When Trajan was fighting the Parthians what capital did he sack?
Ctesiphon
Victorious over the Parthians, what two provinces was Trajan able to add to the empire?
Armenia and Mesopotamia
In what year were Armenia and Mesopotamia added to the empire?
116 A.D.
Who was Lucius Quietus?
Moorish cavalry commander and former Berber prince
What Moorish cavalry commander was instrumental in helping Trajan against the Dacians and Parthians?
Lucius Quietus
Ally of Trajan, Lucius Quietus, was made governor of what province?
Judea
What title did the Senate bestow upon Trajan?
“optimus princeps” or “best ruler”
How did Trajan die?
Died of a stroke in Selinus
Where did Trajan die?
Selinus, Sicily
When did Trajan die?
117 A.D.
Hadrian began his reign in what year?
117 A.D.
Similar to Trajan, Hadrian was born in what modern country
Spain
In what city was Hadrian’s father born in, though he himself was born in Rome?
Italica
How is Hadrian related to Trajan?
Adopted son of Trajan (Hadrian was Trajan’s cousin)
Which good emperors were cousins?
Hadrian and Trajan
Who helped Hadrian become emperor?
Plotina and one of Hadrian’s guardians (and Roman official) Acilius Attianus
What guardian (and Roman official) of Hadrian helped Hadrian in becoming emperor?
Acilius Attianus
Whose wife helped Hadrian become emperor?
Plotina
What ally of Trajan and governor of Judea was executed, along with four senators, by Hadrian for supposedly conspiring against him?
Lusius Quietus
What defensive move did Hadrian take in Britain?
Established a wall (Hadrian’s Wall) in Britain built from the River Tyne to the Solway Firth
Where was Hadrian’s Wall built in Britain
River Tyne to the Solway Firth
What governor of Britain oversaw the construction of Hadrian’s Wall?
Platorius Nepos
Hadrian rebuilt what famous Roman temple?
Pantheon
Because of his admiration for Greek culture, Hadrian was given what epithet?
“Graeculus” – “the Greekling”
What Athenian political office did Hadrian hold from 111-112 AD?
archon of Athens
Beginning his reign as emperor Hadrian thought he should get to know the empire, hence what action of his?
Spent the first part of his reign going on a large tour of the empire
What Greek youth did Hadrian love?
Antinous
Where did Hadrian’s Greek lover, Antinous, die?
The Nile
Hadrian had several cities named after what lover?
Antinous
What was Hadrian’s wife named?
Sabina
What sparked the revolt in Judea led by Simon bar Kokhba?
Hadrian attempted to place a statue of Jupiter Optimus Maximus in the temple mount in Jerusalem
Who led the revolt against Hadrian’s attempt to place a statue of Jupiter Optimus Maximus in the temple mount in Jerusalem?
Simon bar Kokhba
Who suppressed Simon bar Kokhba’s revolt?
general Julius Severus
Who was Hadrian’s first choice as heir, but later died?
Lucius Aelius
Who did Hadrian appoint as his heir after the death of Lucius Aelius?
Antoninus Pius
On what conditions did Hadrian adopt Antoninus Pius?
that Antoninus adopt Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus (son of Lucius Aelius)
Who was the son of Lucius Aelius?
Lucius Verus
Where were the ashes of Hadrian placed?
Mausoleum of Hadrian
How did Hadrian die?
Heart failure
When did Hadrian die?
138 A.D.
When did Antoninus Pius begin his reign?
138 A.D.
How long did Antoninus Pius reign for?
138-161 A.D.
Why did Antoninus Pius gain the name “Pius”?
because he deified Hadrian (against the wishes of the Senate)
Who deified Hadrian, against the wishes of the Senate?
Antoninus Pius
Who did Antoninus Pius marry?
Faustina the Elder
Antoninus Pius celebrated what anniversary of Rome?
900th anniversary
Antoninus Pius established a wall in what modern region of the U.K.?
Scotland
The Wall of Antoninus Pius was built north of what other major wall?
Hadrian’s Wall
The Wall of Antoninus Pius was built where in Scotland?
from the Firth of Forth to the Firth of Clyde
What governor of Britain oversaw the construction of the Wall of Antoninus Pius?
governor of Britain, Lollius Urbicus
Who ruled the longest of the Five Good Emperors?
Antoninus Pius
When did Antoninus Pius die?
161 A.D.
Where were Antoninus Pius’s ashes placed?
Mausoleum of Hadrian
How did Antoninus Pius die?
Fever
When did Marcus Aurelius begin his reign?
161 A.D.
How long did Marcus Aurelius reign for?
161-180 AD
What school of philosophy did Marcus Aurelius belong to?
Stoicism
What stoic work did Marcus Aurelius write?
Meditations
What idea did Marcus Aurelius create?
“philosopher-king”
Who was Marcus Aurelius’s general who captured Ctesiphon in Parthia in 164 A.D.?
Avidius Cassius
In what year did Avidius Cassius capture Ctesiphon?
164 A.D.
Who despite being commander in Parthia, had Avidius Cassius do most of the work campaigning?
Lucius Verus
In what year was Marcus Aurellius falsely believed to have died?
175 A.D.
Who, falsely thinking Marcus Aurellius had died, endeavored to take the throne?
Avidius Cassius
Who supported Avidius Cassius’s failed attempt at taking the throne?
Marcus Aurelius’s wife, Faustina the Younger
Who co-ruled with Marcus Aurelius?
Lucius Verus
How long did Lucius Verus co-rule for?
161-169 A.D.
How did Lucius Verus die?
plague
What enemies of Rome did Marcus Aurelius fight against?
Marcomanni, Quadi, Sarmatians, and Iazyges
What column, based off of Trajan’s column, commemorates Marcus Aurelius’s success against Rome’s enemies?
column of Marcus Aurelius
Who was the wife of Marcus Aurelius?
Faustina the Younger
Who was the last of the Five Good Emperors?
Marcus Aurelius
How did Marcus Aurelius die?
Died of the plague
Where did Marcus Aurelius die?
Vindabona, modern Vienna
In what year did Marcus Aurelius die in?
180 A.D.
How long did Commodus reign for?
180-192 A.D
When did Commodus begin his reign?
180 A.D.
Who was made Caesar by Marcus Aurelius in 177 A.D.?
Commodus
In what year was Commodus made Caesar by Marcus Aurelius?
177 A.D.
Commodus was the son of whom?
Marcus Aurelius
By Commodus becoming the heir of Marcus Aurelius what system was ended?
cooptation system of succession
Who was the sister of Commodus?
Lucilla
Who was the mistress of Commodus?
Marcia
Commodus imitated what Greek-mythological hero?
Hercules
Who was the freedman Praetorian Prefect under Commodus?
Cleander
What type of corruption was the Praetorian Prefect Cleander notorious for?
Bidding offices away. Sold the imperial offices to the highest bidders, including 25 consulships in one day
In what type of recreational event did Commodus compete in?
gladiatorial games
What did Commodus rename Rome?
Colonia Commodiana (Colony of Commodus)
How is Commodus’s reign summarized?
by lavish brothels and general upheaval
When was Commodus killed?
New Year’s Eve, 192 A.D.
What Praetorian Prefect conspired in the killing of Commodus?
Q. Aemilius Laetus
Who poisoned Commodus unsuccessfully?
His mistress, Marcia
How did Commodus ultimately die?
His wrestling coach Narcissus strangled him
to death
In what year did Pertinax rule in?
193 A.D.
How did Pertinax end up emperor?
Brought to the praetorian camp by the conspirators who had killed Commodus and was proclaimed emperor the day after the assassination
How did Pertinax die?
Killed by the Praetorian Guard
In what year did Pertinax die?
193 A.D.
Who ended the Five Good Emperors Era?
Didius Julianus
In what year did Didius Julianus die?
193 A.D.
Who did Didius Julianus outbid to become emperor?
a rival (Sulpicianus)
How did Didius Julianus become emperor?
Literally won the imperial throne in an auction by the praetorian guard when he outbid a rival (Sulpicianus)
Who auctioned off the position of emperor?
Praetorian Guard
Didus Julianus paid each member of the Praetorian Guard how many sesterces to secure his position as emperor?
25,000 sesterces
Who sentenced Didus Julianus to death?
Septimius Severus
What Roman emperor came from a family of distinguished jurists?
Nerva
Nerva came from a distinguished family of what occupation?
Jurists (Law)
What Roman emperor was consul in 71 AD under Vespasian, and 90 AD under Domitian?
Nerva
What two years was Nerva consul, with Vespasian and Domitian?
71 AD, 90 AD
When was Nerva consul with Vespasian?
71 AD
When was Nerva consul with Domitian?
90 AD
Who was Nerva consul with in 71 AD?
Vespasian
Who was Nerva consul with in 90 AD?
Domitian
What Roman emperor vowed never to put a senator to death without a senatorial trial?
Nerva
What did Nerva vow upon his ascension, with regards to senators?
To never put a senator to death without a senatorial trial?
Who was serving as governor of Germania Superior (Upper Germany) at the time of him being adopted by Nerva in 97 AD?
Trajan
In what Roman province was Trajan serving as governor at the time of him being adopted by Nerva?
Germania Superior / Upper Germany
When was Trajan adopted as the son of Nerva?
97 AD
Who was the last Roman emperor to be buried in the Mausoleum of Augustus?
Nerva
Nerva was the last Roman emperor to be buried in what structure?
Mausoleum of Augustus
Who was the first emperor of provincial origin?
Trajan
Trajan was the first emperor of what origin?
Provincial
What Roman imperial province was Italica located in?
Baetica
What Roman emperor had a military career under Vespasian and Domitian, winning the title Germanicus as governor of Upper Germany?
Trajan
What two emperors did Trajan serve under as generals and co-consuls?
Vespasian and Domitian
What title did Trajan win, after the Roman province he was governor of under Nerva?
Germanicus
When did Trajan officially assume the title of optimus princeps?
115 AD
What title did Trajan officially assume in 115 AD?
Optimus Princeps
What title did Trajan receive for making Dacia a client state of Rome (this was before it was annexed in 105 AD)?
Dacicus
For making Dacia a client state of Rome, what Roman emperor received the title Dacicus?
Trajan
What city did Trajan make a colony, named Ulpia Traiana, the capital city of the Dacians before their annexation into the Roman empire?
Sarmizegethusa
Give the new name for Sarmizegethusa, given by Trajan upon his making it a colony after the annexation of Dacia?
Ulpia Traiana
Name the most trusted legate of Trajan
Lusius Quietus
Lusius Quietus was the most trusted legate of what Roman emperor?
Trajan
What structure was built in 113 AD, by Apollodorus of Damascus?
Trajan’s Column
When was Trajan’s Column built?
113 AD
What structure in Rome was located in the courtyard behind the Basilica Ulpia, flanked by two libraries, and culminates with the death of Decebalus?
Column of Trajan
The Column of Trajan was located in the courtyard behind this strucutre
Basilica Ulpia
The Column of Trajan was flanked by two of these structures
Libraries
The Column of Trajan culminates with the death of this man
Decebalus
What king of Parthia is defeated by Trajan?
Chosroes
Chosroes was among many throughout Roman history that were kings of this kingdom
Parthia
What Roman emperor defeats Chosroes of Parthia?
Trajan
What Roman emperor was born in 76 AD, in Rome, though his father was born in Italica just like his predecessor?
Hadrian
When was Hadrian born?
76 AD
When was Hadrian archon of Athens?
111-112 AD
What Roman emperor was governor of Syria in 114 AD, having been the archon of Athens in the years prior?
Hadrian
What Roman province was Hadrian governor of in 114 AD, after serving as archon of Athens?
Syria
When was Hadrian governor of Syria?
114 AD
What city did Hadrian build in honor of the dead Antinuous?
Antinoopolis
What Roman emperor built the city Antinoopolis, in honor of his dead love, Antinuous?
Hadrian
Hadrian built the city Antinoopolis in honor of what dead lover of his?
Antinuous
What Roman emepror founded Rome’s first learning institution, the Athenaeum?
Hadrian
Hadrian founded this structure, known as Rome’s first learning institution
Athenaeum
The Athenaeum was considered the first institution of what type?
Learning
Who was Praetorian Prefect under Hadrian, after Attianus?
Marcius Turbo
Turbo was Praetorian Prefect of what emperor?
Hadrian
What structure of Rome was designed to restrain Northern tribesman, being built by Platorius Nepos?
Hadrian’s wall
Who was the first emperor to build large-scale fixed frontier defenses?
Hadrian
What Roman emperor built the Temple of Venus and Rome?
Hadrian
Hadrian built this temple, known as the largest temple in Ancient Rome
Temple of Venus and Rome
What temple in Ancient rome was located between the Colosseum and the Temple of Peace/Forum of Vespasian?
Temple of Venus and Rome
The Temple of Venus and Rome was located between what two structures?
Colosseum, Temple of Peace/Forum of Vespasian
What structure in Ancient Rome is now known as the Castel Saint’ Angelo?
Mausoleum of Hadrian
What is the Mausoleum of Hadrian known as today?
Castel Saint’ Angelo
What did Hadrian rename Judea after he had Julius Severus defeat the revolt of Bar Kokhba?
Syria Palestina
What region was renamed Syria Palestina by Hadrian?
Judea
What Roman emperor had Salvius Julianus draw up the Praetorian Perpetual Edict?
Hadrian
What edict did Hadrian have Salvius Julianus have draw up, which was binding on all present and future praetors?
Praetorian Perpetual Edict
Who drew up the Praetorian Perpetual Edict, commissioned by Hadrian?
Salvius Julianus
What Roman emperor deprived the paterfamilias of the power of death over his children?
Hadrian
Hadrian deprived what position in the Roman family of the power of death over his children?
Paterfamilias
What power did Hadrian deprive the paterfamilias of?
Death (over his children)
What Roman emperor died off the coast of Naples, in Baiae, 138 AD?
Hadrian
On what island off the coast of Naples did Hadrian die?
Baiae
What Roman emperor was born and raised at Lanuvium?
Antoninus Pius
At what city was Antoninus Pius born and raised at?
Lanuvium
What Roman emperor had an estate at Lorium, which was where he also died in 161 AD?
Antoninus Pius
At what city did Antoninus Pius die, where he also coincidentally had an estate?
Lorium
What future Roman emperor was made district judge of Italy in 120 AD, and proconsul of Asia in 135 AD by his predecessor, Hadrian?
Antoninus Pius
When was Antoninus Pius made district judge of Italy by Hadrian?
120 AD
When was Antinonus Pius made proconsul of Asia by Hadrian?
135 AD
What job was Antoninus Pius given by Hadrian in 120 AD?
District judge of Italy
What job was Antoninus Pius given by Hadrian in 135 AD?
Proconsul of Asia
Where did Antoninus Pius serve his proconsul term, in 135 AD?
Asia
What Roman emperor was made a member of the consilium principis by his predecessor, Hadrian?
Antoninus Pius
What was Antoninus Pius made member of by Hadrian?
Consilium Principis
What structure is being described?
- 37 miles long
- Made of turf
- Built by Lollius Urbicus
Antonine Wall
How long was the Antonine Wall?
37 miles
Of what material was the Antonine Wall made?
Turf
What Roman general pushed the British frontier 75 miles to the North?
Quintus Lollius Urbicus
How many miles to the north did Lollius Urbicus push the British frontier?
75 miles
Who crushes the revolt of the Brigantes in 154 AD, though it forces him to temporarily abandon the Antonine Wall (which he then reclaimed 4 years later)?
Julius Verus
What tribe’s revolt is crushed by Julius Verus in 154 AD, whose rulers included Cartimandua?
Brigantes
What Roman emperor studied under Junius Rusticus, where he learned about Stoicism?
Marcus Aurelius
Under who did Marcus Aurelius study Stoicism?
Junius Rusticus
Name the tutor of Marcus Aurelius
Fronto
Fronto was the tutor of what Roman emperor?
Marcus Aurelius
Disasters during this emperor’s reign included a famine in Galatia, and an invasion of Armenia and Parthia by Vologeses III
Marcus Aurelius
One of the disasters during the reign of Marcus Aurelius was a famine in this Roman province
Galatia
What sort of disaster occured in Galatia during the reign of Marcus Aurelius?
Famine
What Parthian king invaded Armenia and Parthia during the reign of Marcus Aurelius?
Vologeses III
What two kingdoms/provinces did Vologeses III invade during the reign of Marcus Aurelius?
Armenia, Parthia
Name the Greek physician of Marcus Aurelius
Galen
Galen was the Greek physician of what Roman emperor?
Marcus Aurelius
Who was the first foreign physician to personally care for an emperor, namely Marcus Aurelius?
Galen
When was the battle of Dara Europus?
165 AD
What battle was in 165 AD?
Battle of Dara Europus
Name the victorious and losing commanders at Dara Europus, in 165 AD
Victorious: Avidius Cassius
Losing: Vologeses III
At what battle did Avidius Cassius decisively defeat Vologeses III, a precursor to his sacking of Ctesiphon one year later in 166 AD?
Battle of Dara Europus
What two tribes revolted against Rome in 162 AD, but were put down by Calpurnius Agricola 4 years later?
Britains, Caledonians
When did British and Caledonian tribes revolt against Rome, before being put down by Calpurnius Agricola in 166 AD?
162 AD
Who put down British and Caledonian tribes in 166 AD, for their revolt 4 years prior?
Calpurnius Agricola
When did Calpurnius Agricola put down the British and Caledonian tribes, after their revolt in 162 AD?
166 AD
What two tribes defeated Marcus Aurelius in 170 AD?
Quadi and Marcommani
What Roman emperor was defeated by the Quadi and Marcommani in 170 AD?
Marcus Aurelius
When was Marcus Aurelius defeated by the Quadi and Marcommani, during the 2nd Marcommanic War?
170 AD
What Roman emperor has a column in the Campus Martius, commemorating the Marcommanic Wars?
Marcus Aurelius
Where was the column of Marcus Aurelius located?
Campus Martius
The column of Marcus Aurelius commemorated what series of conflicts?
Marcommanic Wars
Avidius Cassius was governor of what Roman province before revolting against Rome in 175 AD?
Syria
What governor of Syria revolted against Rome in 175 AD, believing Marcus Aurelius to be dead?
Avidius Cassius
What city was founded by Marcus Aurelius, which coincidentally was where he died?
Vindabona / Vienna
Vindobonna was founded by what Roman emperor, who would also die there?
Marcus Aurelius
What Roman emperor destroyed the Domus Aurea, replacing it with a smaller palace?
Vespasian
What structure was destroyed by Vespasian, having been built by Nero after the Great Fire of 64 AD?
Domus Aurea
Name the largest Imperial forum
Forum of Trajan
Name the smallest Imperial forum
Forum of Nerva
Who was proclaimed a Caesar under his father in 166 AD, at the age of 5?
Commodus
What was Commodus proclaimed in 166 AD under his father, when he was 5?
Caesar
When was Commodus proclaimed Caesar under Marcus Aurelius, at 5 years old?
166 AD
How old was Commodus was he was proclaimed Caesar under Marcus Aurelius?
5
Who was made consul at the age of 15, and also granted imperium along with the title of Augustus?
Commodus
How old was Commodus when he was made consul?
15
What position was Commodus given when he was 15 years old?
Consul
How old was Commodus when he was granted imperium and given the title of Augustus?
15
What Roman emperor established a secret police known as the Frumentarii?
Commodus
Give the term for the secret police established by Commodus
Frumentarii
What Roman emperor trained and fought left-handed as a secutor?
Commodus
Commodus fought and trained left-handed as what type of gladiator?
Secutor
Did Commodus fight left- or right-handed as a secutor?
Left-handed
What Roman emperor printed coins with the inscription: “HERC COMMODUS”?
Commodus
Commodus printed coins with what inscription?
HERC COMMODUS
What Bithynian Greek freedman was the first palace chamberlain of Commodus?
Saoterus
Saoterus was the first palace chamberlain of what Roman emperor?
Commodus
What Roman province was Saoterus, the first palace chamberlain of Commodus, from?
Bithynia
Name the two joint Praetorian-Prefects of Commodus that came before Cleander
Publius Tarrutienus Paternus, Sextus Tigidus Parennis
Paternus and Perennis was joint Praetorian-Prefects of what Roman emperor?
Commodus
Who became the sole Prefect under Commodus after his colleague Paternus was promoted to the Senate?
Sextus Tigidus Perennis
Under what Roman emperor did the Deserters’ War occur?
Commodus
What war occured during the reign of Commodus, made of a series of provincial mutinies?
Deserters’ War
What Praetorian Prefect from Africa replaced Cleander under Commodus?
Quintus Aemilius Laetus
Where was Laetus, Praetorian Prefect under Commodus, from?
Africa
What previous Praetorian Prefect was replaced by Laetus?
Cleander
What future Roman emperor was appointed governor of Pannonia by Laetus?
Septimius Severus
What province was Septimius Severus governor of, as decided by Laetus?
Pannonia
What future Roman emperor was Pertinax’s legate in Syria?
Septimius Severus
Septimius Severus was what Roman emperor’s legate in Syria?
Pertinax
Septimius Severus was Pertinax’s legate while the two were fighting in what Roman province?
Syria
The brother of what Roman emperor was appointed governor of Lower Moesia by Praetorian Prefect Laetus?
Septimius Severus
Laetus made the brother of Septimius Severus governor of what Roman province?
Lower Moesia / Moesia Inferior
Name the freedman of Commodus who plotted against him with Laetus and Marcia
Electus
What man ascended to the throne by promising each member of the Praetorian Guard 12,000 sesterces?
Pertinax
How many sesterces did Pertinax promise each member of the Praetorian Guard in order to become emperor?
12,000 sesterces
What Roman emperor ruled for only 87 days, before Didius Julianus took over?
Pertinax
How many days was the reign of Pertinax in 193 AD?
87 days
How long was the reign of Didius Julianus?
66 days
What Roman emperor ruled only for 66 days?
Didius Julianus
What governor of Syria was one of the 5 Emperors of 193 AD?
Pescennius Niger
Pescennius Niger was governor of what Roman province when the people called upon him to take the throne?
Syria
What governor of Britain was one of the 5 Emperors of 193 AD?
Clodius Albinus
Clodius Albinus was governor of what Roman province when his armies declared him Augustus?
Britain
What conspirator in the death of Domitian was granted amnesty by Nerva?
Gaius Calpurnius Crassus
What Roman emperor granted amnesty to C. Calpurnius Crassus, a conspirator in the death of Domitian?
Nerva
What daughter of Marcus Aurelius was also the wife of Lucius Verus?
Lucilla
Name the husband of Lucilla, who happened to co-rule with Marcus Aurelius?
Lucius Verus
Name the father of Lucilla, sister of Commodus
Marcus Aurelius
Whose last words were: “But what evil have I done? Whom have I killed?”
Didius Julianus
What were Didius Julianus’ last words?
But what evil have I done? Whom have I killed?
What temple did Hadrian complete at Athens, which Pesistratus had begun 7 centuries eariler?
Olympeion / Temple of Olympian Zeus
What Roman emperor completed the Olympeion at Athens?
Hadrian
Where did Hadrian complete the construction of the Olympeion?
Athens
What new temple did Hadrian complete in his suburb of Hadrianopolis?
Panhellenion
What Roman emperor completed the Panhellenion in his suburb of Hadrianopolis?
Hadrian
Where did Hadrian complete the Panhellenion temple?
Hadrianopolis / Adrianople / Adrianopolis
