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Certamen History: Harrison + Roessler History Database > Severan Dynasty > Flashcards

Severan Dynasty Flashcards

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1
Q

How long does the Severan Dynasty last for?

A

193-235 A.D.

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2
Q

Who is the first emperor of the Severan Dynasty?

A

Septimius Severus

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3
Q

When does the Severan Dynasty begin?

A

193 A.D.

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4
Q

When does Septimius Severus begin his reign?

A

193 A.D.

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5
Q

How long does Septimius Severus reign for?

A

193-211 A.D.

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6
Q

Where was Septimius Severus born?

A

Leptis Magna in the province of Africa

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7
Q

In what province was Septimius Severus born in?

A

Africa

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8
Q

Who was Septimius Severus’s powerful and influential wife?

A

Julia Domna

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9
Q

Under the rule of Septimius Severus, what changes were made to the Praetorian Guard?

A

Opened the ranks of the Praetorian Guard to provincials; he also filled up the Praetorian Guard with his own, loyal troops

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10
Q

What rival did Septimius Severus defeat in Syria?

A

Pescennius Niger

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11
Q

At what battle was Septimius Severus’s rival, Pescennius Niger, defeated?

A

battle of Issus (194)

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12
Q

In what year did the battle of Issus occur?

A

194 A.D.

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13
Q

Who was made Caesar while Septimius Severus was fighting Pescennius Niger?

A

Clodius Albinus

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14
Q

Who defeated Clodius Albinus at Lugdunum in 197 A.D.?

A

Septimius Severus

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15
Q

In what year was Clodius Albinus defeated by Septimius Severus at Lugdunum?

A

197 A.D.

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16
Q

In what year did Septimius Severus sack the Parthian capital Ctesiphon?

A

198 A.D.

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17
Q

What Parthian capital did Septimius Severus sack during war with the Parthians?

A

Ctesiphon

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18
Q

What construction did Septimius Severus build to commemorate his and his sons’ victories over the Parthians?

A

The Arch of Septimius Severus

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19
Q

In what year was the Arch of Septimius Severus built?

A

203 A.D.

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20
Q

Who was Septimius Severus’s 1st Praetorian Prefect?

A

Fulvius Plautianus

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21
Q

Who was Fulvius Plautianus’s daughter?

A

Plautilla

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22
Q

Who was Plautilla married to?

A

Caracalla

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23
Q

How did Caracalla feel towards his wife Plautilla?

A

He hated her

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24
Q

When Caracalla tried to divorce Plautilla what did Fulvius Plautianus threaten to do?

A

To kill him

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25
Q

What were the consequences of Fulvius Plautianus’s threat to kill Caracalla?

A

he was killed (205 A.D.)

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26
Q

What Praetorian Prefect was killed in the year 205 A.D. for threatening to kill Caracalla, lest he would divorce his daughter?

A

Fulvius Plautianus

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27
Q

What former jurist replaced Fulvius Plautianus’s position as Praetorian Prefect?

A

Aemilius Papinianus

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28
Q

What famous advice did Septimius Severus give to his sons?

A

“Be harmonious, enrich the soldiers, scorn everybody else.”

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29
Q

Where did Septimius Severus die in?

A

Eboracum (York)

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30
Q

When did Septimius Severus die?

A

211 A.D.

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31
Q

In what year did Caracalla begin his reign?

A

211 A.D.

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32
Q

Who co-ruled with Caracalla in 211 A.D.?

A

Geta

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33
Q

How long did Caracalla reign for?

A

211-217 A.D.

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34
Q

Who were Caracalla and Geta’s parents?

A

Septimius Severus and Julia Domna

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35
Q

Caracalla had whom killed in 211 A.D., leaving him to be sole emperor?

A

His brother and co-emperor, Geta

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36
Q

In what year was Geta assassinated?

A

211 A.D.

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37
Q

Parts of Geta’s career are often ambiguous and abridged because he suffered from what punishment?

A

Damnatio Memoriae

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38
Q

In what year did Caracalla give citizenship to all free men in the Roman Empire?

A

212 A.D.

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39
Q

What declaration gave all free men in the Roman Empire citizenship?

A

Constitutio Antoniniana

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40
Q

Caracalla was notorious for what baths?

A

“Baths of Caracalla”

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41
Q

Where was Caracalla assassinated?

A

Carrhae

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42
Q

Who assassinated Caracalla?

A

Martialis probably at the instigation of the praetorian prefect, Macrinus

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43
Q

What Praetorian Prefect (later emperor) may have plausibly been behind the assassination of Caracalla?

A

Macrinus

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44
Q

When did Caracalla die?

A

217 A.D.

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45
Q

Possibly a conspirator in the assassination of Caracalla, what Praetorian Prefect was made emperor after the later Caracalla?

A

Macrinus

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46
Q

When did Macrinus begin his rule?

A

217 A.D.

47
Q

How long did Macrinus’s rule last?

A

217-218 A.D.

48
Q

Although he is still considered to be part of the Severan Dynasty, Macrinus did not belong to what family?

A

Severan family

49
Q

Macrinus was the first non-senator (or was never of senatorial rank), from the Equites ranks to fill what office?

A

emperor

50
Q

Who was of “Moorish” decent?

A

Macrinus

51
Q

In what year did Macrinus die?

A

218 A.D.

52
Q

When did Elagabalus begin his reign?

A

218 A.D.

53
Q

How long did Elagabalus reign for?

A

218-222 A.D.

54
Q

How was Elagabalus made emperor?

A

Declared emperor by the troops at Emesa in Syria

55
Q

What was Elagabalus’s original cognomen?

A

“Bassianus”

56
Q

Who was Elagabulus’s mother?

A

Julia Soaemias, neice of Julia Domna

57
Q

What god was Elagabulus known to worship?

A

sun God ‘Sol Invictus’

58
Q

Elagabulus forced the people to worship a black stone he brought to Rome from where?

A

Syria

59
Q

Who killed Elagabulus?

A

Praetorian Guard

60
Q

In what year was Elagabulus killed?

A

222 A.D.

61
Q

When did Severus Alexander begin his reign?

A

222 A.D.

62
Q

What emperor reigned from 222-235 A.D.?

A

Severus Alexander

63
Q

Who was the last of the Severan Dynasty?

A

Severus Alexander

64
Q

Severus Alexander was cousins with whom?

A

Elagabulus

65
Q

What women in the Severan family had great influence and power over Severus Alexander?

A

grandmother Julia Maesa and his mother Julia Mamaea

66
Q

Who was the mother of Severus Alexander?

A

Julia Mamaea

67
Q

Who was the mother of Julia Mamaea?

A

Julia Maesa

68
Q

Who was the Praetorian Prefect under Severus Alexander who was murdered in 228 A.D.?

A

distinguished jurist Domitius Ulpianus

69
Q

In what year was the Praetorian Prefect Domitius Ulpianus murdered?

A

228 A.D.

70
Q

During Alexander Severus’s reign, the Arsacid Parthian Dynasty was replaced by what other dynasty?

A

Sassanid Persian Dynasty

71
Q

Who led the Sassanid Persian Dynasty?

A

Ardashir (father of Shapur I)

72
Q

In what year what the Sassanid Persian Dynasty founded?

A

226 A.D.

73
Q

Whose soldiers killed Alexander Severus, ushering in the era of the Barracks Emperors?

A

Maximinus Thrax

74
Q

When did Alexander Severus die and the Severan Dynasty end?

A

235 A.D.

75
Q

Who was the first emperor born in Africa?

A

Septimius Severus

76
Q

What family was Septimius Severus adopted into?

A

Aurelians / Marcus Aurelius’

77
Q

What Roman emperor was adopted into the family of Marcus Aurelius, also starting the Severan dynasty?

A

Septimius Severus

78
Q

What tribe invaded northern Britain during the reign of Septimius Severus, capturing Eboracum and badly damaging Hadrian’s Wall?

A

Maeatae

79
Q

The Maetae captured what city during the reign of Septimius Severus, coincidentally serving as the deathplace of the emperor?

A

Eboracum / York

80
Q

What Roman commander drived away the Maeatae from Northern Britain when they captured Eboracum and badly damaged Hadrian’s Wall?

A

Virius Lupus

81
Q

Virius Lupus drove away what tribe from Northern Britian, who had occupied Eboracum and badly damaged Hadrian’s Wall during the reign of Septimius Severus?

A

Maeatae

82
Q

What Roman rebuilt Hadrian’s Wall after the Maeatae badly damaged it?

A

Alfenus Senecio

83
Q

Alfenus Senecio repairs this structure after the Maeatae badly damaged it, during the reign of Septimius Severus

A

Hadrian’s Wall

84
Q

What Roman emperor’s name came from a long Gallic cape that he wore?

A

Caracalla

85
Q

Caracalla’s name came from what posession of his that he wore?

A

A long Gallic cape

86
Q

Macrinus was the Praetorian Prefect of what Roman emperor?

A

Caracalla

87
Q

What Roman emperor wanted to increase the pay raise of soliders by 600 denarii, hence his Constitutio Antoniniana?

A

Caracalla

88
Q

Caracalla wanted to increase the pay of what people by 600 denarii?

A

Soldiers

89
Q

Caracalla wanted to increase the pay of soldiers by how much?

A

600 denarii

90
Q

What province was Macrinus from?

A

Mauretania Caesariensis

91
Q

What Roman emperor was from Mauretania Caesariensis, the first equestrian to be in the position?

A

Marcus Opellinus Macrinus

92
Q

Name the son of Macrinus

A

Diadumenianus

93
Q

Diadumenianus was the son of what Roman emperor?

A

Marcus Opellinus Macrinus

94
Q

Macrinus warred against this king of Parthia

A

Artabanus V

95
Q

Artabanus V was king of what kingdom?

A

Parthia

96
Q

Name the two Roman emperors that warred against Artabanus V, both of the Severan dynasty?

A

Caracalla, Marcus Opellinus Macrinus

97
Q

When was the battle of Antioch, where Macrinus is defeated?

A

218 AD

98
Q

What battle was in 218 AD?

A

1st Battle of Antioch

99
Q

What city was the capital of Syria?

A

Antioch

100
Q

Antioch was the captial of what Roman province?

A

Syria

101
Q

Name the victorious and losing commanders at Antioch in 218 AD

A

Victorious: Varius Avetus Bassianus (Elagabalus)
Losing: Marcus Opellinus Macrinus

102
Q

At what battle in 218 AD was Macrinus defeated by Elagabalus?

A

1st Battle of Antioch

103
Q

Name the sister of Juliua Domna

A

Julia Maesa

104
Q

Name the sister of Julia Maesa

A

Julia Domna

105
Q

Name the daughters of Julia Maesa

A

Julia Soaemias, Julia Mamaea

106
Q

Julia Soaemias and Julia Mamaea were daughters of what woman of the Severan Dynasty?

A

Julia Maesa

107
Q

Name the sister of Julia Soaemias

A

Julia Mamaea

108
Q

Name the sister of Julia Mamaea

A

Julia Soaemias

109
Q

What Roman emperor divorced his first wife so that he could marry a Vestal Virgin, Aquilia Severa?

A

Varius Avetus Bassianus / Elagabalus

110
Q

Name the second wife of Elagabalus, a Vestal Virgin

A

Aquilia Severa

111
Q

Aquilia Severa, the second wife of Elagabalus, was a member of religious group in Rome?

A

Vestal Virgins

112
Q

Name the son of Julia Mamaea, a Roman emperor

A

Gessius Bassianus Alexianus / Severus Alexander

113
Q

What Roman emperor was 14 years old when he ascended to the throne?

A

Varius Avetus Bassianus / Elagabalus

114
Q

How old was Elagabalus when he became emperor?

A

14

Certamen History: Harrison + Roessler History Database (9 decks)

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