Testing and Intelligence Flashcards
Who did the experiment on Self fulfilling prophecy?
Rosenthal and Jacobsen
What are the three problems with testing intelligence?
- Self-fullfilling prophecy
- Intelligence changes
- Must avoid culture bias.
What is Arther Jensen’s philosophy about intelligence?
Intelligence is the result of genetics, biology and nature over nurture.
What are the 3 sections of test criteria?
- Reliability
- Validity
- standardization
What are the 3 factors of reliability?
- internal consistency
- test-retest
- inter judge
What are the 5 factors of validity?
- face validity
- concurrent validity
- predictive validity
- content validity
- Construct validity
What are the 2 factors of standardization?
- standard belle curve
2. Percentile
- define internal consistency
2. house example
- parts of the test should yield similar results
2. Are all electrical switches mounted in similar places in every room?
- define test-retest
2. house example
- repeated administrations of the test yield similar results
- ha this builder built other houses?
- define inter judge
2. house example
- scoring by different judges yields similar results.
2. Do all inspectors believe this house passes required codes at the same level?
- define face validity
2. house example
- The test appears valid to test takers
2. Does the house appear well build to buyer, banker and inspectors?
- Define concurrent validity
2. house example
- tests which claim to measure the same concepts should yield similar results
- is the quality of the house equal to the quality of others build by this same builder/
- Define predictive validity
2. house example
- Test results should accurately measure future performance
2. Can I accurately predict the future endurance of this structure for years to come?
- Define content validity
2. house example
- Parts of the test measure what the claim to.
2. Are the materials use for the construction all of equal superior quality?
define standard bell curve
all scores fall equally on each side of median
define percentile
possible number of scores is divided into 100 equal parts and compared.
Who did the confer balance intelligence test?
what did this out rule?
- Adrain Dove
2. the bias in standford-binet test
Who did the orphan study?
Skeels
What 5 things make up intelligence?
- knowledge
- problem solving.
- wisdom
- common sense
- creativity
Who was Binet?
(What did he found)
what did he believe?
- founding father of intelligence tests
2. intelligence=problem solving
What are the 4 criteria for problem solving?
Hint: these apply when you are actually solving the problem.
- Adaptation
- Direction
- Self-evaluations
- comprehension
Define adaptation
to adapt info you were given to solve problem
Define direction
Hint: it’s a question.
what direction does one go to solve the problem
Define self-evaluation
ask yourself through every step if you are headed in the right direction
Define comprehension
understanding and comprehending the problems.
What is flawed in the Binet testing method?
inter judge issues
Who created the IQ test?
Terman
What is the formula for IQ tests?
mental age/chronological age x100
What 3 things are in the Standford-Binet intelligence test?
- One test for everyone
- Problem solving
- 1 SCORE- IQ score
What 3 things are in the Wechseler test?
- 2 tests. one for adult. one for children
- Measures various intelligence components
- multiple scores
What are the 2 problems with trial and error?
- inefficient
2. solution can’t be repeated.
What are the steps to trial and error?
4
- test
- operate
- test
- exit problem
What are the 3 problem solving steps?
- break problem into parts
- Deal with each part separately
- solve it or give up
Who did the cat in a puzzle box experiment?
Throndike
What are the 3 criteria for Insight?
- all materials and elements needed for solution must be present.
- must be able to see how the solution operates
- solution can be repeated and transferred to other problems
What is functional fixedness?
When you are unable to see ordinary objects in any way but their usual use.
What does functional fixedness create?
Artificial barriers to solving problems.
What is an algorithm?
A simple set of rules which will solve all instances of a particular problem
What is Heuristic?
a general rule of thumb that will solve most instances of a problem.
what is the Skinner and mower theory of language?
language is learned through reinforcement
What is the lenneberg theory of language?
what kind of linguist is he?
- human language is the result of evolutionary development in human physiology
- a psycho-linguist
What is the Chumsky theory of language?
language is a combination of physiological capacity and knowledge of the rules and structure of language
What are the 5 properties of language
- semanticity
- productivity
- displacement
- interpersonal
- referential
Define semanticity
In language
words serve as symbols
define productivity (In language)
Language must be able to produce original ideas and communication
define displacement (In language)
ability to communicate about another place or time
define interpersonal (In language)
language can evoke emotion in the listener
define referential (In language)
language must refer to something understood by the listener
define directed thinking
problem solving
define undirected thinking
daydreaming
define deductive reasoning
taking general knowledge and applying it to a specific situation
define inductive reasoning
using facts to draw a conclusion
Construct validity
the test as a whole must contain a representative sample of what it says it does
