psych test 3-Altruism

Question 1

5 factors of Altruism

Answer 1

1. Clarity of need
2. Personal Safety
3. Personal Skill
4. Similarity to Victim
5. Established Norms

Question 2

Clarity of Need

Answer 2

Do they really need help? Are you sure?

Question 3

Personal Safety

Answer 3

If you help them, will you be at risk?

Question 4

Personal Skill

Answer 4

do you have any skills to help them?

Question 5

Similarity to Victim

Answer 5

Can you empathize with them?

Question 6

Established Norms

Answer 6

Are other respectable people doing?

Question 7

Diffusion of Responsibility

Answer 7

Responsibility to help is diffused among the possible helpers.

Question 8

What lessens diffusion?

2 things

Answer 8

1. seeing the victim

2. there is no escape from the situation,

Question 9

Confederate

Answer 9

Someone who works for the researcher, but appears to the test subjects to just be a regular person.

Question 10

Exchange Theory

1. what psychology?
2. what is it?

Answer 10

1. Behaviorism.

2. People help or don’t help because of rewards and punishments.

Question 11

Rewards of Helping

3 things

Answer 11

1. You feel good.
2. Money/rewards.
3. The person gets help they need.

Question 12

Rewards of Not Helping

3 things

Answer 12

1. No risk involved.
2. It saves time.
3. You avoid looking incompetent.

Question 13

Punishments of Helping

3 things

Answer 13

1. Risk is involved.
2. It takes time.
3. You could look incompetent.

Question 14

Punishments of Not Helping

2 things

Answer 14

1. You feel bad.

2. Someone could be harmed.

Question 15

6 factors of liking

Answer 15

1. Appearance
2. Attribution
3. Proximity
4. Similarity
5. Familiarity
6. Reciprocal Liking

Question 16

Appearance

Answer 16

How do they look?

Question 17

Attribution

Answer 17

Attribute or award qualities given to someone based on appearance or behavior

Question 18

The Halo Effect

Answer 18

someone is attractive, so they must be smart, kind, hardworking, and perfect

Question 19

Proximity

Answer 19

Nearness. someone is easy to access

Question 20

Similarity

Answer 20

Similar Interests

Question 21

Familiarity

Answer 21

We are friends with people we interact with frequently.

Question 22

Reciprocal Liking

Answer 22

We like people who like us

Question 23

3 Parts of Attitude

Answer 23

1. Cognitive
2. Emotional
3. Behavioral

Question 24

Cognitive (part of attitude)

Answer 24

Knowledge.

Question 25

Emotional (part of attitude)

Answer 25

Feelings.

Question 26

Behavioral (part of attitude)

Answer 26

actions.

Question 27

Cognitive Dissonance

Answer 27

When attitudes and behaviors are in conflict

Question 28

How to fix cognitive dissonance | 3 things

Answer 28

1. Change attitude 2. Change behavior 3. Change both.

Question 29

Sources of Attitudes | 4 things

Answer 29

1. Cognitive 2. emotional 3. Social 4. Behavioral

Question 30

Why know the source of an attitude

Answer 30

so you can change it.

Question 31

Cognitive (source of attitude)

Answer 31

information

Question 32

changing an Emotional (source of attitude)

Answer 32

difficult to change-create another emotional event.

Question 33

Social (source of attitude)

Answer 33

family, friends, community, religion

Question 34

Behavioral (source of attitude)

Answer 34

Do you like it because you do it? or do you do it because yo like it?

Question 35

Fixed response (opinion poll) 1. what? 2. Problems (2) 3. Why?

Answer 35

1. select between given choices 2. a) not accurate b) could lie 3. Easy to tabulate

Question 36

Open Ended response (opinion poll) | 2 things

Answer 36

1. More accurate | 2. difficult to tabulate

Question 37

``` Likert Scale (measurement scale) (3 things) ```

Answer 37

1. Anonymous-reliable 2. easy to tabulate 3. less precise

Question 38

Unobtrusive Measures

Answer 38

people don't know they are being studied.

Question 39

Social Validation

Answer 39

the more people who share an attitude the more likely we are to change ours to match.

Question 40

Likable

Answer 40

we listen to people we like.

Question 41

Scarcity

Answer 41

we are persuaded if we believe resources are scarce

Question 42

Reciprocity

Answer 42

we are unhappy if we feel indebted to someone | change attitude to to feel even again.

Question 43

Message | 4 rules

Answer 43

1. Can't be too emotional 2. must be presented logically 3. New attitude must meet your needs 4. Must accept the old attitude had merit.

Question 44

Consistency with public comments | 2 rules

Answer 44

1. Avoid hypocrisy | 2. avoid cognitive dissonance

Question 45

Brainwashing

Answer 45

1. Personal identity is removed 2. must be dependent on authority figure for survival 3. Rewards and punishments 4. Social pressure to change 5. not permanent

Question 46

3 Factors of Conformity

Answer 46

1. High visibility 2. Group Attractiveness 3. Directedness

Question 47

High Visibility

Answer 47

the more visible you are, the more likely you are to conform

Question 48

Group Attractiveness 3 groups which is most likely to conform?

Answer 48

Leader middle lower the middle

Question 49

Directedness | 2 things

Answer 49

innner directed-internal locus of control | Outer directed-outside locus of control

Question 50

We will follow ________ even if it causes _______ ________

Answer 50

Authority | cognitive dissoncance

Question 51

Who developed the attribution theory?

Answer 51

Heider

Question 52

Explain the fundamental attribution error.

Answer 52

We are more inclined to attribute behavior to personal flaw as opposed to outside circumstances.

Question 53

Define prejudice

Answer 53

Not liking a person for an actual reason.

Question 54

Define discrimination

Answer 54

Not liking someone based on a category or group to which they belong, instead of a resin which has actual merit.