Moral and Ethical test

Question 1

What are Piaget’s 2 types of moral reasoning?

Answer 1

1. Heteronomous morality

2. Autonomous Morality

Question 2

Heteronomous Morality

2

Answer 2

1. children see the world as black or white

2. Immediate justice, immediate consequence.

Question 3

Autonomous Morality

Answer 3

Children and adults recognize intent along with action.

Question 4

What is Frueds Moral reasoning?

Answer 4

Unconscious origin.

Question 5

Unconscious Origin (3)

Answer 5

1. Unconscious desire to avoid guilt
2. Moral Gardian-SuperEgo
3. Internalize the moral ideas of our parents in the Phalic stage.

Question 6

Behaviorism and morality

Answer 6

morality is learned through reinforcement

Question 7

Bundura believed in?

Answer 7

Modeling as a way to reinforce moral and ethical reasoning.

Question 8

Mischel has what theory?

Answer 8

Behaviorism/cognitive

Question 9

What is Behaviorism/cognitive theory? (2)

Answer 9

1. Reinforcement/understanding

2. difference between moral performance and competence

Question 10

What is moral performance vs. moral competence?

Answer 10

1. behavior

2. understanding.

Question 11

Kohlberg’s 6 stages of reasoning.

Answer 11

1. right to avoid punishment
2. right to satisfy own needs
3. nice girl, good boy
4. law and order
5. right is determined by society
6. right is determined by own conscience

Question 12

What is Warner’s Theory called?

Answer 12

Responsibility of Morality

Question 13

What are the 3 types of Responsibility of Morality choices?

Answer 13

1. Chocolate and vanilla
2. Contingent Choice
3. Moral Choice

Question 14

What is a chocolate and vanilla choice?

Answer 14

A choice with no moral context

Question 15

What is a Contingent Choice?

Answer 15

Choice tied to circumstances we may not control, but are dependent on outside force.

Question 16

What is a moral choice?

Answer 16

Choice tied to values, beliefs, and commitments

Question 17

What does Warner say about “right feelings”? (3)

Answer 17

1. We have a “right feeling” about moral choices
2. If we act on the right feeling we are acting responsibly, and making the correct moral choice
3. if we don’t we have self-betrayed.

Question 18

What is self betrayal?

what does it always involve?

Answer 18

1. act against the right feeling and make the wrong moral choice.
2. always involves rationalization, justification and blaming.

Question 19

Rationalization

Answer 19

Why is this ok?

Question 20

Justification

Answer 20

Supporting evidence as to why the choice is ok

Question 21

Utilitarian decision

Answer 21

we prefer to sacrifice the one and save the many.

Question 22

What two stages are in Kohlberg’s pre moral level?

What do these levels revolve around?

Answer 22

1. right to avoid punishment
2. right to satisfy own needs
   Egocentrism and personal interests

Question 23

What 2 stages are in Kohlberg’s Morality of Conventional Role-Conformity
What comes into play in these stages? (2)

Answer 23

3. nice girl, good boy
4. Law and Order
   recognition of ones goal and interpersonal relationships.

Question 24

In what stage does Kohlberg say Golden Rule thinking begins?

Answer 24

3. nice girl, good boy

Question 25

What stages are in Kohlberg’s Morality of Self-accepted moral principles?

Answer 25

5. right is determined by society.

6. right is determined by own conscience

Question 26

What are the 3 levels of Kohlberg’s 6 stages of development?

Answer 26

1. Premoral self
2. Morality of Conventional role-conformity
3. Morality of self-accepted moral principles.

Question 27

What are two criticisms of Kohlbergs stages?

Answer 27

1. Non-western civilizations reason differently

2. Men and Women reason differently.

Question 28

Warner’s Doctrine of Double Effect 5 elements

Answer 28

1. Positive Duty
2. Negative Effect
3. Intended Effect
4. Unintended Effect
5. Is anyone being used as a means to and end?

Question 29

Positive Duty

Answer 29

To help people (including yourself)

Question 30

Negative Duty

Answer 30

Not to harm people (including yourself)

Question 31

Intended Effect

Answer 31

Planned Outcome

Question 32

Unintended Effect

Answer 32

foreseen occurrence

Question 33

What will guide your decision in Warner’s Doctrine of Double Effect?

Answer 33

If your Negative duty supersedes positive duty.