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AP World History > Test Two ~ Ch. 6-10 > Flashcards

Test Two ~ Ch. 6-10 Flashcards

0
Q

Bedouin culture

A

on Arabia peninsula. nomadic - clan based groups

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1
Q

Meaning/background of Islam

A

Islam = submission. to Allah submit to his will. One who has submitted- Mulish. Middle East, Arabia - Bedouins Muhammad. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all came from same place

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2
Q

Bedouin inter-clan rivalry

A

fight over resources- water, herding land

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3
Q

Ka’ba

A

Pre-Islamic religion. animistic and polytheistic. Site of an annual truce

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4
Q

Muhammad’s revelation

A

610 Gabriel sows up to bring message to muhammad about religion for bedouins peoples. Written in the quarn

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5
Q

Ummayyads response to Islam

A

In charge of Mecca. felt threaten about new religion. kick muhammad out- moved to Midena - Hijrah

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6
Q

Islam in relation to other monotheistic religions

A

Islam pulls characters and ideas from Judaism and Christianity, allowing it to be easier to convert

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7
Q

Five pillars

A

The duties of followers of Islam. Confession of faith, prayer, fasting during Ramadan, zakat, and hajj

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8
Q

Result of Muhammad’s death

A

Caliph- rightly guided, deputy caring out the will of Muhammad, relatives. Last one- Ali - son-in-law got murdered

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9
Q

Umayyad Capitol

A

Demascus- change in the way things are going to be done. Caliph’s no longer second in command. Now first- emperors with luxury. Mecca religious capital.

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10
Q

Malawi

A

Non-Arab converts to Islam. Second class. slightly more taxes than the first class.

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11
Q

Classes in Early Islam

A
  1. Arab born in religion
  2. Mawali
  3. dhimmi
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12
Q

Umayyad attitude toward other religion

A

Accepted them, but now in not in the same class and social status. Now they have stricter tax code.

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13
Q

Abbasid capital

A

Baghadd

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14
Q

Caliph al-Mhadi’s succession problem

A

He did not provide a clear sucessor.

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15
Q

The Thousands and One Nights

A

the luxury & intrigue of Harun’s court have been immortalized into tales

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16
Q

al-Rashid’s precedent for Persian advisors

A

He became heavily dependent on a family of Persian advisors & set the trend

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17
Q

Personal armies in Abasid rule

A

the real power behind the throne. won you the right to rule

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18
Q

Abbasid attitude toward salvery

A

unskilled labor. served caliphs. possible to become free/powerful

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19
Q

Slejuk Turks

A

Nomadic invaders from Asia. Grew in power & influnce. attacked Baghadd in 1055

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20
Q

First Crusade

A

Capture of Jeruslem. Europe won because of surprise attack. They lose control less than 100 years later.

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21
Q

Saladin

A

Muslim general that recaptures the land that was lost in the first Crusade.

22
Q

Impact of Crusades on the Europe

A

A LOT of cultural contact. Resurgence of learning new knowledge. Since they didn’t have a lot of old history because it is in the Middle East- find it. Started the Renaissance.

23
Q

Impact of Crusades on Islam

A

Had little impact. they were already advanced in knowledge and culture.

24
Q

Language adopted by Abbasid court

A

Persian. almost replaces Arabic- religious language.

25
Q

Stateless societies

A

In Africa. lacked political concentration. organized around kinship with a group of elders.

26
Q

First African region converted to Islam by 700 AD

A

North Africa- has contact with religion.

27
Q

Almoravids/Almohadis

A

Two Islamic reform movements in Northern Africa. Burgur- first to convert and spread it south

28
Q

Ethiopia

A

Only christian country - axum

29
Q

Sahel

A

grasslands south of Sahara. Sahel means coastline of desert

30
Q

Sundiata

A

“The Lion Prince” founded the Mali empire - the Malinke

31
Q

Griots

A

“keepers of tradition”. traditional record keepers- storytellers. become key advisors to Mali kings.

32
Q

Muslim slave trade in Africa

A

they looked for household jobs, beauty, intellegence to bring back to Abbasid empire. New point of contact- converted to culture and Islam

33
Q

Institution of slavery in Muslim society

A

adopted Islam and culture

34
Q

Culture of East African trade ports

A

Trade in Indian Ocean by Arab coast of Africa. Transmitting language and religion. Bantu people speak Swahili- combo of Bantu language and Arab merchants

35
Q

Byzantine Empire

A

Eastern half of Rome. Eastern Orthodox Christian. Linked more to the Silk Road, traded luxury.

36
Q

Russia’s Relationship to Byzantines

A

Byzantine spread their religion through trade. Blamer- prince of Kevia choose byzantine religion. Culture and language makes connection. “Third Rome” to continue the legacy of Rome

37
Q

Constaninople

A

Capital of Byzantine empire. established by Constantine

38
Q

Hagia Sophia

A

Church in Constanople- largest church in the Christain world with the largest dome in the world

39
Q

Official language of Byzantine Empire

A

Greek. Eastern half- Greek was common so it became the official.

40
Q

Justinian’s camaign to reunite Rome

A

wanted to reunite Rome to its formal glory. not successful :(

41
Q

Basil II

A

Byzatine emperor- waged a lot of war against Bulger. “Hammer of the Bulgers”(him) bet them.

42
Q

Greek Fire

A

Byzantine weapon- mixtures of chemicals that ignite in water. Used against Ottoman Empire.

43
Q

Hellenism in Byzantine culture

A

Greek culture & artistic trend cause of Alexander the Great

44
Q

Meaning of the Middle Ages

A

time between the Fall of Rome and the Reniancance

45
Q

Vikings

A

Scandinavian raiders. Fuatalism emerges- political & social order

46
Q

Manorialism

A

agreement with peasents and landlords- tied to the land for protection

47
Q

Serfs

A

farmers who lived on landlord’s land & in return gave some of the crop to him

48
Q

Moldboard

A

plow that allowed to cultivate deeper into the ground- easier for peasants

49
Q

Clovis

A

Early Frank king accepted Christianity to gain more power against the pagan regional rulers. starts wave of Christianity

50
Q

Benedict of Nursia

A

writer of “The Rule” - rules of the monk life

51
Q

Carolingian Dynasty

A

The Franks royal family that took over France in the 8 century. Charles Martel fought back against Muslim advance.
Charles the great first Holy Roman Empire- largest empire since Rome

52
Q

Feudalism and vassals

A

F: Linked military elites (vassals), mostly landlords, who could not afford the horses and iron. V: lesser lords that require protection from the F. Lords-vassals(used to be knights)-serfs

53
Q

Fourth Crusade

A

lead by merchants in Venice attacked Constantinople- economic. Leads to the end of them

AP World History (13 decks)

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