Dates Part III Flashcards
570-632
The life of Muhammad, who created the Islamic religion, youngest world religion, borrowed from Christianity and Judaism
476
Western Roman Empire fell. Lost Latin language, new age- Middle Ages, Huns/Germans took over
610
Start of Islamic religion. Origin of Islam- Gabriel brought message from Allah. Giving foundation to religion
634-750
Muhammad died. The rightly guided caliphs come to power. Last r.g.c. dies -Ali. Killed by Ummayyads. Causes shift in Islam- Sunni(anyone can be in power) & Sha’i(party of Ali).
661-750
Ummayyads come to power in 661- . New capital Damcus. Schism. Lived lives of luxury.
750
Abbasids come to power. Kill off all um. family. Not successful in killing whole family. One escape to Spain. Capital changed to Bagdad.
800-814
Holy Roman Empire founded by Charlemagne. Largest since Rome. Tight bound with pope - spreading religion. Pope gets converts for chruch. Charlemagne gets land
864
Srycilic alphabet - Russian written. Translate the Bible. Bring Christianity to Russian people.
960-1127
Song Dynasty. Post classical that have problem with paying too much tribute to nomads in north. Move south. Leave Wung he. Mongols take over.
980-1015
Christian conversion of Russia Vladimer
1054
Schism between eastern and western Christianity. Christianity doesn’t unify Europe. You don’t get a choice of what type. Two leaders pope and patriarch (east). Even causes conflict and warfare. (4th crusade rivals with Byzantine)
1055
Slejuk Turks controlled the Abbasid. Sunni (Turks) and shai’i (Arab) created - pg. 122&123. Crusades happening, Turks have to deal with that.
1066
Feudal monosaires. Norman conquest of England- William attacked England kills herold and becomes William 1 of England. Keeps Normady. Casues 100 years war. Who gets to claim throne? English or France? Edward the 3 now has England and France.
1096-1099
Pg. 133. first crusade. Only successful crusade, had the element of surprise. AND Muslim army was split between Turks and Europe. They had no stability in gov. Europe wasn’t seen as a threat. Europe gained edu. tech, math science med, Classical Greek and roman text. Starts Renissance. Mulism gained nothing have to deal with invasions.
1200
Rise of Molly Empire- North west Africa. Niger River. Trade salt, gold. Pilgrimage to Mecca- Messa Busa- African brought with him so much gold about 100 million. Devalued the gold value in Cario. pg. 132-133.
1236
Capture of Bagdad by Mongols. Mongol empire moves to Middle East. They tolerate Islam. Political structure changed. Trade increase. Stabilize Silk Road. Mongols don’t do over seas trade. Indian Ocean trade declines.
1265
First English parliament. House of Lords. Partial democracy since the fall of Rome. First attempt of partial democracy. Attached to feudalism. King will never have absolute power. Edward the 1 puts it back in place. Nobles have power. King wants to raise money to go to war with France. Nobles have to have a more active role on gov. to help.
1279-1368
Mongol empire in China. Kublai Khan finally took over China. Became Yuan dynasty. Chinese don’t like. Lead an peasants uprising- Ming dynasty. Exams gone. Mongols couldn’t pass. Mongols have top postitions. Foreigners have top positions- Marco Pollo- like outside opinions. Chinese have lower gov. rules
1320-1340
Bubonic plague- apart of original territory of Mongols. Not sure if on purpose or accident. Trade made it spread west. Europe was hardest hit areas. Population loss 25%. Loss of $. Slow decline of feudalism- Serfs & knights die. Church couldn’t cover everything, they lose power.
1325
Rise of the Aztec Empire. Took over Toltecs. Begin to be dominant culture. Enemy groups surround the empire hate them cause of human scarifice. Cortez comes and says that he wants to takes over and gains allies.
1338-1453
Hundred years War. William duke of Normandy and France King both have throne. Territorial tug of war. France King dies. Edward the 3 (English)was next in line to take the French throne. Divided loyalities. Don’t let Edward take over. Go to war. Feudalistic dissolves, becomes national identity, fighting for nation. Legit nations, army of England and France. Longbow- could go through knight armor. Value of knights decline. Knights are useless, rubs off on feudalism.
1350
Rise of Incas(Peru). Similar to Aztec except- No human sacrifice, kill lamas instead. Cuzco- capital. Spilt inheritance. Pay taxes in labor- socialism. Extreme wealthy- Silver & gold. Attracts Spain -Buzaro.
1405-1433
Chinese 7 expiditons. To find more trade routes, find new markets increase influence. Confusion doesn’t support merchants. China could have found all the new colonies like Europe except young Lo put a stop to them. Mulism captain-
1439
Portugal capture Azores islands, off Africa. Trying to find a new way to India, way around ottomen empire. Cape of good hope- diezes. Vasco de Gama- made it to calcicut, India.
1453
Ottomen captured Constaninople. Ends the post-classical era. Ottomen Made the first cannons, gunpowder came from China.
