Test Eight ~ Ch. 32-36 Flashcards
US conflict in Guatemala
Juan Jose Arevalo elected prez. Turning towards communists. US steps in and restricts foreign interests -United Fruit Company. Making land government owned.
First, Second, Third world
Levels of advancement
First: capitalists and industrial
Second: communists and industrial
Third: developing
US imports to Cuba
3/4s of all Cuban imports were from US- sugar. A lot of American investments. Sugar was main product that caused prosperity to fluctuate. Turned against Batista
Reforms of F. Batista
Democratic constitution of 1940- major changes, nationalization of natural resources, full employment, and land reform. Became a dictator. The US didn’t back him up anymore.
Fidel Castro/ Che Guevara
Overtook Batista. Communist. Met in Mexico- exiled. Guevara helped Castro come back into power.
26th of July movement
Castro revolution. Barbados took over Cuba. US just watched.
Liberation Theology
Unite poor through Cathloic theology and socialist principles.
The Dirty War
In Argentina and all over Latin America, Violence opposition to military rule led to a counteroffensive. Many people disappeared, tortured, kidnapped, not fought fairly. Proxy wars.
Banana Republics
Term given to governments supported by or created by the US in Central America. Believed to either corrupt or subservient to US interests.
Good neighbor policy
Established by FDR to deal with Latin America in 1933. Intended to halt direct intervention in Latin America.
Problems of decolonization in Africa
Social classes, religious, ethnic rivalries resurfaced, and civil wars drained economic resources. !Rwanda- genocide of ethnic people! Leaders were just trying to hold the nation together, not fix problems like overpopulation.
1972 Fragmentation of Pakistan
Become Bangladesh. Split between eastern and western. Extreme contrast of topography and culture led to violence then a new country. Didn’t feel represented
Population growth in third world
New world food was able to support more people. Colonization ended local warfare. Improved hygiene and medical treatment. Eradicate smallpox, improve sewage system, purify drinking water. However, limited resources, jobs, and food. Make sure that there are children to take care of you when they get older, farm. Go to urban city, can’t find jobs- homeless populations.
Neocolonialism
New colonialism. Economic colonialism. Former owner of colonies. Still having to harvest resources and not able to have industry.
Third world income makers
Primary products- cocoa, palm oil, coffee, jute, hemp, copper, bauxite, tin, oil. Markets fluctuated so much it was hard for developing nations to plan. Provide raw materials to industrial nations
Kwame Nkrumah
Independence leader of Ghana from Britain. The price of cocoa fell, which hit the economy hard. Can’t fulfill that - Pan Africanism- unite all people under one country. Becomes harsh dictator.
Examples of military regimes gone bad
War lords take over. Have military ecipment, recite children to be child soldiers. Uganda- Joseph Komi. Just want to exercise power.
GA Nasser
Egypt. (1918-1970) Took power in Egypt following military coup in 1952. Enacted land reforms and used state resources to reduce unemployment. Ousted Britian from Suez Canal Zone in 1956.
Anwar Sadat
Successor of Gamal Abdul Nasser as ruler of Egypt. Acted to dismantle costly state programs. Accepted peace treaty with Israel in 1973. Opened Egypt to investment by western nations.
American occupation of Japan
After WWII, douglous McAurther ruled over Japan for seven years tone down military. Got rid of idea that emperor is a god. Japan will never become communist. Pull people out to go to Korea.
Suez Canal Crisis
1954 Nasser takes canal from British. Nationalize canal to benefit Egypt. British give over canal to Egypt.
Azwa dam
Everyone lives on the Nile. Dam portions of Nile- hydroelectric power. 99% of population lives on Nile. Got water from Nile- got dies ease.
Korea post WWII
Spilt into two. North- communism. South- capitalist. Remained divided. Kept the south free. Proxy war. Fought to Korea war to unite under communism. Didn’t win. Still remains divided. 38 parr ell
People’s democratic Republic of Korea
North Korea dominated by Soviet Union. Long headed by Kim Il Sung, attacked south in 1950 and initiated Korean War. Retained independece as a communist state after the war
Kim II Sung
Soviet backed, China backed. Anted to control everything of people. Define a haircut. All named Kim.
Sung Ree
South. Military gov in south. Only military for the safety of South Korea.
Taiwan
Nationalist government in exile. Ching hi shiek lost civil war. Exiled to Taiwan. Capitalist, democratic military gov. Son replaces. US recognized only Taiwan as a government.
Singapore
Fourth largest port. First world island in third world area. Second highest living quality. British colony. British navy harbors there.
Japan, inc.
Promote capitalism. Functions like a corporation.
South Korea corporation.
Honda. Very proud of capitalist exports.
Great Leap Forward
Should have put China forward, but put it backwards. Small projects into peasant communities. Micro- manage industry. Make there own steel. Backyard factories. Not only spend time farming, having to make your tools and farm. Dropped level of production. Food production.
One-child policy
Limit of Chinese families- one in rural areas. Two in city.
Mao’s lose of power
Great Leap Forward. Gang of Four take over.
Gang of Four
- Wife Jiang Qing, sucessor, and two others- political allows who attempted to seize control of communist government in China from the pragmatists. Arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment in 1976 following Mao Zedong’s death
Vietnam min
Communists- dominated Vietnamese nationalist movement. Operated out of base in southern China during WWII. Employed guerrilla tactics similar to Maoists in China.
Dien Bien Phu
Last French fort held in Vietnam. Most significant victory of the Viet Minh over French colonial forces in 1954. Gave the Viet Minh control of northern Vietnam
Salt II
Strategic arms limitation treaty. Dismantle nuclear weapons. Leasing of tension in Cold War. Nicks on
Duration of Cold War
30 years
Invasion of Afghanistan
Soviet invade. Af. are all about relgion. Soviet are against religon. Felt like soviet was trying to get rid of their religion.
Non- democratic counties of Latin America
Only Cuba
9/11
Bin laden. Terriost attack on US soil for the first time.
Common concurrency
Ero. Unifying currency. Make it all the same to limit taxes. Promotes Tourism don’t have to keep changing currency. Stabilizes economy. Germany helps to stabilize other countries.
Important tech for globalization
Cell phones. Pixel phone.
McGlobalization
Mcdonalds everywhere. Coke-cola.
Republic of Korea
Southern half of Korea sponsored by US following WWII. Headed by nationalist Syngman Rhee. Developed parliamentary institutions but maintained authoritarian government. Defended by UN forces during Korean War. Underwent industrialization and economic emergence after 1950s
Mikail Gorbachev
Soviet Union premier after 1985. Renewed attacks on Stalinism. Urged reduction in nuclear armament. Proclaimed policies of glasnost and perestroika
Perestroika
Policy of Gorbachev calling economic restructuring in Soviet Union in late 1980s. More leeway for private ownership and decentralized control in industry and agriculture
Globalization
The increasing inter connectedness of all parts of the world, particularly in communication and commerce but also in culture and politics
NAFTA
North American Free Trade- agreement that created an essentially free trade zones among Mexico, Canada, and US, in hopes of encouraging economic growth in all three nations. After difficult negotiations went into effect Jan. 1,1994
