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Histology > Test Three GI Glands > Flashcards

Test Three GI Glands Flashcards

1
Q

The pancreas is what type of gland

A

Mixed exocrine and endocrine gland

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2
Q

What is in the exocrine part of the pancreas

A

Acinar glands with serous secretory units

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3
Q

The acinar glands and serous secretory units contain what in the pancreas

A

Zymogen granules at their apex which contain digestive enzymes

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4
Q

Where are the enzymes from the pancreas released

A

Duodenum

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5
Q

The endocrine portion of the pancreas secretes

A

Hormones including insulin and glucagon

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6
Q

What ducts are present in the serous secretory units of the pancreas

A

Intercalated ducts and interlobular ducts

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7
Q

The endocrine portion of the pancreas is made up of what

A

Islets of langerhans

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8
Q

Describe islets of langerhans

A

Polygonal cells separate by a network of capillaries and reticular fibers

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9
Q

What cells are located in the islet of langerhans

A

B cells, A cells and D cells

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10
Q

What cell is the most numerous in the islet of langerhans

A

B cells

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11
Q

What cells in the islet of langerhans makes up insulin and secretes insulin

A

Beta cells

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12
Q

Where do you find B cells in the islet of langerhans

A

Center of islet

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13
Q

Function of alpha cell in islets of langerhans

A

Create glucagon which has opposite effect of insulin

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14
Q

Function of delta cells in islet of langerhans

A

Parent cell of alpha and beta cells

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15
Q

Function of liver

A

Major filter of blood, major storage site of sugar, make bile

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16
Q

Divide the liver into what two lobes

A

Hepatic lobule and portal lobule

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17
Q

Describe hepatic lobule

A

Hexagon shaped structure and at each angle there is the hepatic triad

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18
Q

What is in the hepatic triad

A

Portal vein, branch of hepatic artery, and branch of bile duct

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19
Q

Portal vein is lined with

A

Simple squamous

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20
Q

Branch of hepatic artery is lined with

A

Simple squamous with thick smooth muscle

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21
Q

The branch of the bile duct is lined with

A

Simple cuboidal

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22
Q

What is in the middle of the hepatic lobule

A

Central vein

23
Q

What is in between the hepatic triad and central vein

A

Liver cells

24
Q

How does hepatic lobule works

A

Blood runs from triad to central vein and runs through liver cells where it is filtered and pull out sugar for storage

25
Q

Hepatocytes in the hepatic lobule contain

A

Sinusoids

26
Q

In the hepatic lobule sinusoids what is found

A

Kuppfer cells which are macrophages

27
Q

Describe portal lobule

A

Triangular and at each angle there is a central vein and in the middle is the triad

28
Q

What are hepatic acini

A

Functional divisions showing cellular damage

29
Q

What cells are most likely to be damage

A

Cells closest to triad

30
Q

What is zone one of hepatic acini

A

Closest to triad, highest cellular damage

31
Q

What occurs at zone 2 of hepatic acini

A

Moderate cellular damage but decrease concentration from zone one

32
Q

What is zone three of hepatic acini

A

No damage to slight damage of cells

33
Q

Function of hepatocyte

A

Same function as the liver

34
Q

Shape of hepatocyte

A

Polygons with round nucleons in center of cell

35
Q

Whenever hepatocytes come in contact with each other they form

A

Tubular spaces called bile canaliculi

36
Q

The surface of the hepatocytes faces

A

The space of Disse containing numerous microvilli

37
Q

How are hepatocytes held together when next to each other

A

Tight junctions

38
Q

How are hepatocytes held together at space of Disse

A

Gap junctions

39
Q

What is in the cytoplasm of the hepatocyte

A

Granules containing glycogen and lipid droplets

40
Q

Hepatocyte uses micro bodies and mitochondria to turn toxic bilirubin into

A

Bilirubin glucuronide

41
Q

What are the two sources of blood in the hepatocyte

A

Portal vein and hepatic artery

42
Q

Function of portal vein in hepatocyte

A

High concentrations of nutrients since coming from GI tract

43
Q

Function of hepatic artery in hepatocytes

A

High in O2 and keeping liver cells alive

44
Q

The two blood sources in the hepatocytes flow into each other to create

A

Sinusoids

45
Q

As blood flows from the two sources, the hepatocytes are able to do what

A

Take out sugar and toxins

46
Q

What are the two sides of the hepatocyte cell

A

Filter side and bile side

47
Q

Function of kupffer cell

A

Macrophage, looks for pathogens to remove and destroy

48
Q

Function of gallbladder

A

Store and concentrate bile but pulling out water

49
Q

Mucosa of gallbladder lined with

A

Simple columnar with microvilli

50
Q

The lamina propria of the gallbladder contains

A

A lot of folds to increase surface area

51
Q

What muscle is located in the gallbladder

A

Smooth

52
Q

Does the gallbladder contain cells that can secrete mucous

A

Yes

53
Q

What is outside the smooth muscle of the gallbladder

A

Layer of perimuscular CT with a serosa

Histology (14 decks)

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