Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OB/GYN Section 3 > Test review chapters 55, 56, 57 reverse > Flashcards

Test review chapters 55, 56, 57 reverse Flashcards

1
Q

vascular structure within the fetal liver that connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava and allowes oxygenated blood to bypass the liver and return directly to the heart

A

Ductus Venosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the term indicates the fetal head is towards the fundus of the uterus

A

Breech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the three vessels found in the umbilical cord

A

One vein and two arteries

ateries from baby

vein to baby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

communicating artery that carries oxygenated blood from the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta

closes after birth

A

ductus arteriosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Four quadrant fluid assessment is the

A

AFI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is MVP

A

Maximum Vertical Pocket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the test to perform fetal well being

A

Bio Physical Profile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a normal AF

A

8-20cm AF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

LLN

A

5-8 cm AF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ULN

A

20-24 cm AF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Oligo

A

< 5cm AF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Poly

A

> 24 cm AF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What measurement do we use for cord Doppler

A

25-29 wks 4.0

29-34 wks 3.3

34-40 wks 3.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a false knot of the umbilical cord

A

The vessels are longer than the cord itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a true know of the umbilical cord

A

when the cord goes around the babies neck and shoulders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Fetal membranes are comprised of

A

Chorion
Amnion
Allantois
Yolk sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Chorion

A

originates from trophoblastic cells and remains in contact with trophoblasts throughout pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Amnion

A

develops at 28th menstrual day; is attached to margins of embryonic disk. On page 1223 in the book as well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Allantois

A

a tubular extension of the endoderm of the yolk sac

that extends with the allantoic vessels into the connecting

stalk of theembryo. In human embryos, allantoic vessels

become the umbilical vessels and the chorionic villi.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

yolk sac

A

circular structure within the gestational sac seen on ultrasound between 4-10 weeks of gestational age; supplies nutrition, facilitates waste removal and is the origin of early hematopoietic stem cells in the embryo; it lies between the chorion and the amnion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Decidual basalis

A

the decidual reaction that occurs between the blastocyte and the myometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Chorionic plate

A

the fetal surface of the placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Decidua capsularis

A

Reaction occurring over blastocyst closest to endometrial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Decidua vera (parietalis)

A

Reaction except for areas beneath and above implanted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

basal plate

A

maternal side of the placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

functions and activities of the placenta

A

respiration

nutrition

excretion

protection

storage

hormonal production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Respiration

A

Transfer of oxygen from maternal blood across the placental membrane into fetal blood is by diffusion. The placenta acts as fetal lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Nutrition

A

Water, inorganic slats, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and vitamins pass from maternal blood through the placental membrane into fetal blood

29
Q

Excretion

A

Waste products cross membrane from fetal blood and enter maternal blood. Excreted by mother’s kidneys

30
Q

Protection

A

Some microorganisms cross the placental border

31
Q

Storage

A

carbohydrates, proteins, calcium, and iron are stored in placenta and released into fetal circulation

32
Q

Hormonal production

A

produced by syncytiotrophoblast of placenta: human chorionic gondatropin, estrogens, progesterone

33
Q

velamentous placenta

A

umbilical cord insertion on the surface of the placenta in the membranes

34
Q

Battledore insertion

A

the insertion of the umbilical cord at the margin of the placenta within 10 mm of the edge

What is a marginal or and eccentric insertion

35
Q

What is the primary cause of placentomegaly

A

maternal diabetes

36
Q

Placenta accrete

A

superficially to myometrium;

Mild

37
Q

Placenta increta

A

Deep into myometrium;

Moderate

38
Q

Placenta percreta

A

Through the myometrium;

Severe

39
Q

Accessory lobe of the placenta

A

Succenturiate Placenta

this incidence occurs in 3% to 6% of pregnancies

40
Q

Low pressure bleed of the placenta

A

marginal abruption result

41
Q

Marginal previa

A

Most common type

does not cover the CX OS but its edge come tot he margin ofthe OS

42
Q

Partial previa

A

only partially covers the internal OS

43
Q

complete/total previa

A

CX internal OS is completely covered

20% of patients with placental previa

44
Q

low lying previa

A

placental edge is within 5cm of center of CX internal OS

45
Q

maternal abnormalities demonstrate a small placenta

A

Intrauterine growth restriction, Intrauterine infection, Aneuploidy

46
Q

What maternal abnormalities demonstrate a large placenta

A

Maternal diabetes, Maternal anemia, α-Thalassemia, Rh sensitivity, Fetomaternal hemorrhage, Chronic intrauterine infections, Twin-twin transfusion syndrome, Congenital neoplasms, Fetal malformations

47
Q

Vasa previa

A

placenta covering the cervix, cord insertion at cervix

48
Q

Circumvallate Placenta

A

condition where the chorionic plate is smaller than the basal plate, the margin is raised with a rolled edge

49
Q

Circummarginate Placenta

A

the chorionic place of the placenta is smaller than the basal plate, with a flas interface between the fetal membrane and the placenta

50
Q

Chorion frondosum

A

Portion of chorion that develops into fetal portion of placenta
Site where water exchanged freely between fetal blood and AF across amnion

51
Q

Highest level of Amniotic fluid

A

By 20 weeks’ gestation, AF volume increases by 10 ml/day
Fluid produced by fetal urination slightly exceeds amount removed by fetal swallowing

52
Q

Amount of AF regulated by

A

Production of fluid
Removal of fluid by swallowing
Fluid exchange within lungs
Membranes and cord

53
Q

Know conditions that associate with polyhydraminos

A

often associated with central nervous system (CNS) disorders and/or gastrointestinal (GI) problems, CNS disorders cause depressed swallowing, GI abnormalities result in ineffective swallowing that are often caused by a blockage (atresia) of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, or small bowel.

54
Q

conditions that associate with oligo

A

Congenital anomalies , IUGR, Postterm pregnancies, Rupture of membranes (ROM), Iatrogenesis, Hypertension, Preeclampsia , Chronic cardiac or renal disease, Connective tissue disorders , Patients receiving indomethacin

55
Q

Role of Amniotic Fluid

A

Allows fetus to move freely within amniotic cavity

Maintains intrauterine temperature

Protects developing fetus from injury

56
Q

diabetes

A

If a patient has persistent polyhydraminos what is the cause

57
Q

eyeball

A

How do sonographers typically evaluate AF

58
Q

What is the debris of the AF

A

vernix caseosa

particulate matter, intra-amniotic blood, intrauterine meconium passage

59
Q

Nitrazine test

fern test

A

Patients suspected to have ROM present clinically with sudden gush or leaking of fluid.

test used as screening test to determine presence of AF in vaginal secretions

Patient is checked for cervical dilatation and for leaking of fluid with coughing or fundal pressure

60
Q

Amniotic Band Syndrome

A

Is associated with abnormality in fetal membranes

Is a common, non-recurrent cause of various fetal malformations involving limbs, craniofacial region, trunk

61
Q

Amniotic Sheets, shelves or folds

A

identified as echogenic, nonfloating bands crossing through amniotic cavity
Are thicker than bands associated with amniotic band syndrome
Do not cause fetal malformations
Most likely signify uterine synechiae

62
Q

Hydrops

A

Disparity between amounts of serous fluid being produced and absorbed

63
Q

Hydrops indications

A

Pleural effusions
Ascites
Cardiac effusion
Skin edema
Anasarca

64
Q

Hydrops fetal findings

A

Enlarged umbilical cord
Polyhydramnios
Placental edema
Enlarged liver and spleen
In many cases, highly associated with mortality

65
Q

Immune Hydrops

A

Is associated with alloimmune hemolytic disease (erythroblastosis fetalis) or rhesus (Rh) isoimmunization

Maternal blood sampling and history of previously affected fetus extremely important for pregnancy management

66
Q

Nonimmune Hydrops

A

Presence of abnormal accumulations of fluid in fetal body and/or skin

Is associated with numerous conditions and causes

67
Q

Nonimmune Hydrops causes

A

May be sporadic condition or associated with numerous other causes

Cardiac insufficiency one of the most common causes

Cardiac insufficiency can result from cardiac anomalies (tumors) or arrhythmias (tachycardia)

68
Q

Nonimmune Hydrops anomalies

A

Fetal tumors (heart or liver)
Cardiac anomalies
Cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung
Chorioangioma of placenta

69
Q

Chorion frondosum

A

the non villious part of the chrion around the gestational sac

OB/GYN Section 3 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions