TEST REVIEW Flashcards
What is Nationalism?
an idea that emphasizes loyalty and devotion to a nation
Why were alliances formed?
To keep peace but instead they led to war.
Who did Germany form alliances with?
What was this alliance called?
Austria-Hungary and ottomans.
Central powers
Who did France form an alliance with?
What was this alliance called?
Russia and Great Britain.
Allied powers.
What is Miliatarism?
The belief is that a country should have a strong military and be prepared to use it aggressively. Stockpiling weapons
What is imperialism?
The expansion of European nations as empires
Where did the trenches start?
The battle of Marne.
What is trench warfare?
It was when soldiers lived in trenches that were surrounded by machine guns, bombs, and artillery.
What was the area between trenches called?
“No mans land”
Who sent the Zimmerman note?
Arthur Zimmerman.
What is the Zimmerman note?
Arthur sent a telegram to Mexico proposing an alliance. If Mexico attacked the U.S. They could have Texas and Arizona. The note was intercepted.
What was the Lusitania?
It was a cruise ship that had smuggled goods on it. The Americans were trying to get goods to Britain but the Germans blew it up. It killed 128 americans.
Who tried to take over Russian government.
The Bolsheviks. Czar was assassinated.
Who led Russia’s new government?
Vladimir Ilich Lenin.
What did Vladimir do?
He signed a peace treaty with central powers
What was Russia known as after Vladimir?
Soviet Union.
Wha was the revolution of Russia’s impact on Germany?
it eventually took Russia out of World War I giving Germany space for their miliatrary
What was the Schlieffen Plan?
It was a 6 week military plan against France. Because Germany thought Russia would take 6 weeks to mobilize.
What was the treaty of Versalles?
A treaty to punish Germany.
According to the treaty, what did Germany have to do?
1) Disarm their military forces
2) Pay $33 billion in reparations
3) Take sole responsibility for starting war
4) Give up colonies around the world
5) Give up land
Who was Franz Ferdinand?
Crowned prince of Austria who was targeted by the Black Hand. Shot by Princip
Who was Garrilo Princip?
A Bosnian teenager who joined the Black Hand terrorist group. And killed Franz Ferdinand
Who was Ataturk?
Leader of the ottoman empire.
What did Ataturk do?
He embraced western reforms:
Factories, railroads, clothing, womens rights, religion has no influence on government.
Who was Mohandas Gandhi?
He was an intelligent, middle class hindu.
What did Gandhi do?
He preached non violence.
He used civil disobedience.
What were the salt marches?
They were acts of civil disobedience.
Indians were required to buy salt not collect it. Gandhi marched with people to gather salt from the water but were arrested.
What was included in the Mexican constitution?
Broke up large estates (haciendas)
Restricted foreigners from owning land and railroads.
Made church lands “Property of the nation”
Promoted nationalization of natural recourses.
What are appeasements?
Diplomatic arts of avoiding war and preventing Hitler from starting war.
What was the point of Joseph Stalin’s purges?
To take out all potential threats.
What was stalins plan to modernize the soviet union called?
The 5 year plan.
What was the five-year plan?
To end small farms, create new collective farms that are government owned.
How did Hitler rise to power?
Beer hall putsch
Creates mein kampf
destroys the treaty of versailles
Which factors caused fascism in Europe?
The great depression
Rabid nationalism
the treaty of versailles
The axis powers was…
Japan ruled by Hirohito ; industrial power
Italy ruled by Mussolini ; allied with Germany and Japan
Germany ruled by HItler.
What were the pre war test sites?
Jaoanese invade china without government permission and…
Murder and rape women
Brutally treat civilians and p.o.w.
The ways of the west are abandonded in favor of…
Ultranationalism
What is fascism?
A mass political movement that emphasizes extreme nationalism, militarism, and both the nation and one powerful leader over an individual citizen.
Palestine after ww1
the British took control of Palestine
what did the league of nations do when japan invaded china? And when Italy invaded Ethiopia?
They overlooked it and condemned it, however they did nothing about it.
What are some examples of total war during WW1?
Bombing of cities-loss of innocent people
Extreme use of propaganda
Use of women and captives to suppoert industry and factory production.
Great depressions impact on future world leaders.
What is Blitzkrieg? (lighting war)
War tactic
Planes and bombers
Artillery/cannons
Tanks (panzer tanks)
Troops (amphetamines)
WW1 war tactics :
use of cover, charges and counterattacks
Axis Powers during WW2
The Axis powers - Germany, Italy, Japan
Allied powers during WW2
Allied Powers - Great Britain, United States, and the Soviet Union
What is Mein Kampf?
It was a diary Hitler wrote about anti-communist, anti-jew, pro-socialist, and ultra german nationalists.
what was the official start of WW2?
When Germany invaded poland.
What was Kristallnacht?
Hitler attacks Jewish businesses and synagogues.
Hitler blames the Jews for destroying public property and has thousands arrested.
What is The Final Solution?
Hitlers plan to kill every Jew in Europe.
What was the attack on Pearl Harbor?
It was a surprise military strike by the Japanese upon the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii, just before 8:00 a.m. on Sunday, December
What is island hopping?
Its when the U.S. miliatary plan on taking island after island from Japan on the way to Japan.
Who are the Kamikaze?
Single aircraft planes loaded with TNT that attempt to smash into U.S. ships headed for Japan.
Why did the U.S. bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
to hasten Japan’s surrender, and end World War II
What are united nations? What’s its purpose?
established after World War II in an attempt to maintain peace and prevent further wars.
