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test over unit 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

vocab:
large, mostly flat area that rises above the surrounding land

A

plateau

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2
Q

vocab :
large landmass that juts out from a continent

A

subcontinent

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3
Q

vocab:
seasonal wind that regularly blows from a certain direction for part of the year

A

monsoon

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4
Q

vocab:
the blending of two or more cultures

A

acculturation

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4
Q

vocab:
large ancient city of the Indus civilization, located in present day pakistan

A

Harrappa

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5
Q

vocab:
ancient city of the Indus Civilization, located in present-day Pakistan

A

Mohenjo-Daro

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6
Q

vocab:
a collection of prayers, hymns, and other religious teachings developed in ancient India around 1500 B.C.

A

the Vedas

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7
Q

vocab:
in ancient India, the elected warrior chief of an Ayran tribe.

A

Rajah

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8
Q

vocab:
in the Veic society of ancient India, a personality type determined a person’s occupation later a category in India’s caste system

A

Varna

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9
Q

vocab:
in the belief system established in Vedic India, a single spiritual power that resides in all things

A

Braham

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10
Q

vocab:
in Hindu belief, the rebirth of the soul in another bodily form

A

Reincarnation

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10
Q

vocab:
in Hindu belief, the ultimate goal of existence, which is to achieve union with Brahman

A

moksha

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10
Q

Vocab:
In Hindu belief, a person’s essential self

A

atman

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11
Q

vocab:
person who devotes his or her life to seeking direct communication with the divine

A

Mystic

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12
Q

vocab:
in Hindu belief, all the actions that determine a person’s fate in the next life

A

Karma

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13
Q

vocab:
in Hindu belief, the religious and moral duties of an individual

A

Dharma

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14
Q

vocab:
Hindu belief in nonviolence and reverence for all life

A

Ahisma

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15
Q

vocab:
in traditional Indian society, an unchangeable social group into which a person is born

A

Caste

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16
Q

vocab:
in India, an occupational group, part of the caste system

A

Jati

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17
Q

vocab:
as taught by the Buddha, the four basic beliefs that form the foundation of Buddhism

A

Four Noble Truths

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18
Q

vocab:
as taught by the Buddha, the path one must follow to achieve nirvana

A

Eight Fold Path

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19
Q

vocab:
in Buddhist belief, union with the universe and release from the cycle of birth

A

Nirvana

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19
Q

vocab:
buddha

A

Siddrahta Guatama

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20
Q

vocab:
a subgroup of a major religious group

A

Sect

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21
Q

vocab:
ideas that oppose those of the government

A

Dissent

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22
Q

vocab:
someone sent to do religious work in a territory or foreign country

A

Missionary

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23
Q

vocab:
a family organization in which several generations share a common dwelling

A

Joint family

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24
Q

vocab:
system of numbers based on 10

A

Decimal system

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24
Q

vocab:
-period of great cultural achievement

A

Golden Age

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25
Q

vocab:
in some societies, payment to a bride’s family makes to the bridegroom and his family; payment women bring to the marriage

A

Dowry

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26
Q

vocab:
Buddhist emperor; (last Mauryian emperor)

A

Ashoka

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27
Q

vocab:
first Mauryian emperor

A

Chandragupta Maurya

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28
Q

vocab:
fine windblown yellow soil

A

Loess

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29
Q

vocab:
a group of families with a common ancestor

A

Clan

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30
Q

vocab:
system of ideas

A

Philosophy

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31
Q

vocab:
the rise and fall of Chinese dynasties according to the Mandate of Heaven

A

Dynastic cycle

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32
Q

vocab:
loosely organized government system in which local lords governed their lands but owed military service and other support to a greater lord

A

Feudalism

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33
Q

vocab:
respect for parents

A

filial piety

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34
Q

vocab:
in Shang China, animal bone or turtle shell was used by priests to predict the future

A

Oracle bone

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34
Q

vocab:
written symbols in writing systems such as that of the Chinese

A

Characters

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35
Q

vocab:
the art of producing beautiful handwriting

A

Calligraphy

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36
Q

vocab:
China’s most famous philosopher

A

Confucius

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37
Q

vocab:
old man when Confucius was a young scholar

A

Laozi

38
Q

vocab:
complete control of a product or business by one person or a group

A

Monopoly

39
Q

vocab:
policy of increasing the amount of territory a government holds

A

expansionism

40
Q

vocab:
government officials

A

Civil servants

41
Q

vocab:
local military rulers

A

Warlords

42
Q

vocab:
medical treatment that started in China

A

acupuncture

43
Q

vocab:
longest-reigning emperor of the Han Dynasty

A

Wudi

44
Q

Vocab:
Founder of the Qin dynasty

A

Shi Huang di

45
Q

the longest dynasty in which nobles where powerful and prominent

A

Zhou

46
Q

2 inventions during the Han Dynasty

A

loom, wheel barrow, paper

46
Q

Dynasty which produced the oldest example of Chinese writing

A

Shang

47
Q

2 things the founder of the Qin dynasty did to organize China

A
  1. systematic alphabet
  2. coinage
48
Q

founder of the Qin dynasty

A

Qin Shi Huang-di

49
Q

2 inventions of the Tang Dynasty

A

gun power, clocks, block print

50
Q

respect for parents

A

filial piety

51
Q

peasant founder of the Han Dynasty and his imperial name

A

Lui Bang / Han Gaozu

52
Q

founder of Daoism/Taoism

A

Loazi

53
Q

golden age for the indian empire

A

gupta

54
Q

Hindu term for religious and moral duties

A

Dharma

55
Q

Siddhartha Gautama, aka

A

the Buddha

55
Q

Buddhist Emperor

A

Ashoka

55
Q

3 god division of Brahman

A

Vishnu, Shiva, and Brahma

56
Q

1st Indian Empire

A

Mauryan

57
Q

ancient Indian hymns, chants, rituals, and religious teachings

A

Vedas

58
Q

warrior caste

A

Kshatriya

59
Q

term for reaching union with god Braham

A

Moksha

59
Q

How did Shi Huangdi impose allegiance to a central government?

A

by replacing feudal states with military districts run by loyal officials

60
Q

Why was the Han period considered a Golden Age of Chinese civilization?

A

because of advances in science, medicine, technology, and the arts

61
Q

What was one effect of the Silk Road on China?

A

The Silk Road promoted the exchange of goods and ideas throughout China.

62
Q

Why was the Silk Road an important part of Chinese history?

A

It promoted the exchange of goods and ideas between China and other parts of the world.

62
Q

What is one of the factors that helped Buddhism spread through China?

A

Mahayana Buddhism offered escape from suffering and the promise of achieving salvation.

63
Q

the Indian subcontinent extends from?

A

Asia into the Indian Ocean

64
Q

what are the three ways that India is divided?

A
  1. a northern plain with rivers
  2. Deccan plateau
  3. coastal plains
65
Q

civilization in India began in the

A

Indus River Valley

65
Q

what was the name of Vedic tribal leaders?

A

rajahs

66
Q

What are two major cities from the Indus river valley?

A

Harrappa and Mohejo-Daro

66
Q

How where Monhejo Daro and Harrappa more advanced than other civilizations at the time?

A

They both had complex plumbing systems, where very peaceful, and most likely declined because of environmental issues, not war.

66
Q

T or F
Vedic people had a tribal political system

A

true

66
Q

How do we know about the Vedic civilizations formed from acculturation?

A

through the Vedas

67
Q

How many personality types, or varna did the Vedas describe?

A

4

68
Q

t or f
first people were assigned varnas based on their abilities but later, it was divided by the work people did.

A

t

69
Q

t or f
from the very beginning of Vedic societies, people in India worshipped Brahman.

A

False, towards the beginning of the Vedic societies, people worshipped gods and goddesses who used natural forces, such as the sun, sky, etc. Later, people began to change their beliefs and started worshipping Brahman.

70
Q

what two major religions emerged in Ancient India?

A

Buddhism and Hinduism

71
Q

t or f
Brahman is the force of everything in Hinduism

A

true

71
Q

t or f
Hinduism does not have a single founder

A

true

72
Q

people have a ____ or essential self in Hinduism

A

atman

73
Q

t or f
the purpose of Hinduism is to achieve the Moksha, or union with Brahman

A

true

74
Q

How can people escape reincarnation in Hinduism?

A

by following their dharma

75
Q

Hindus believe in _____ or that a person’s actions determine the person’s fate in this life or the next.

A

Kharma

76
Q

One part of dharma is practicing _____ or non-violence towards everyone and everything

A

ahisma

77
Q

how was society divided in Ancient India?

A

in castes

77
Q

what are subcastes of Hindu society known as?

A

jati

78
Q

t or f
people in higher castes were believed to be of more spiritual purity

A

true

79
Q

who is the founder of Buddhism?

A

Siddhartha Gahtama

80
Q

The Buddha taught the ______ ______ ______ which are the teachings at the very heart of Buddhism

A

Four Noble Truths

81
Q

the fourth of the 4 noble truths states to follow the ______ ______ _______?

A

Eight fold path

82
Q

what is the final goal of Buddhism?

A

to reach the nirvana

83
Q

t or f
Buddhists can reach nirvana in their lifetime while they are alive

A

true

84
Q

t or f
Buddhism spread into sects

A

true

85
Q

who founded the first Indian empire?

A

Chandragupta Mauryan

86
Q

t or f
Chandragupta’s rule was harsh, while Ashoka’s was peaceful

A

true

87
Q

t or f
Ashoka sent missionaries to spread Buddhism

A

true

88
Q

which river did the earliest civilizations of China live along?

A

the Huang

88
Q

t or f
during the golden age for India, the Guptas developed a decimal system, along with lots of other technological advances

A

true

89
Q

what was the order of the dynasties in China?

A

Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song

world history (10 decks)

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