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world history > test over unit 1 and 2 > Flashcards

test over unit 1 and 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

the first civilizations in the Americas differed from the first civilizations in Africa and Asia because they…

A

developed in mountain valleys, fertile lowlands, and highland areas

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2
Q

one of the basic features of civilization is

A

organized government

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3
Q

as villages grew into cities, social organization became more complex. People were ranked according to

A

their jobs

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4
Q

immediate changes in ancient civilizations were often caused by

A

environmental changes and events

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5
Q

as methods of cultural diffusion, what do migration, trade, and warfare have in common

A

they each cause interaction between people from different cultures

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6
Q

how did the development of spoken language help Stone Age people

A

It allowed people to cooperate and perhaps make plans for the future

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7
Q

why are the roots of the Neolithic Revolution traced to the development of farming

A

farming allowed people to live in permanent villages year-round

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8
Q

how did the social structure develop in settled farming villages during the Neolithic Revolution

A

Men began dominating social, political, and economic life

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9
Q

what would be different about modern society if the Neolithic Revolution had not occurred?

A

people would not live in large towns and cities

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10
Q

the most likely reason Neolithic peoples formed governments was because they

A

organize large public works projects

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11
Q

the study of past people and cultures through their material remains?

A

archeology

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12
Q

earliest civilizations developed around what geographic feature

A

rivers

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13
Q

a political unit that includes a city and its surrounding lands and villages is called what?

A

city-state

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14
Q

people who moved from place to place in search of food are called what

A

nomads

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15
Q

the belief that spirits inhabit plants, animals, or other natural objects is known as?

A

animism

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16
Q

first written languages where written in what form?

A

cunieform

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17
Q

what are objects made by humans and studied by historians

A

artifacts

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18
Q

what is the name given to the oldest complete humanoid skeleton

A

Lucy

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19
Q

the pivotal change in human societies from hunting and gathering to a more settled way of life based on agriculture and domestication of animals was?

A

Neolithic Revolution

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20
Q

what are some ways we can learn about a civilization without understanding their written records?

A

We can learn about them through the artifacts they left behind

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21
Q

Why do historians believe that the Harrapan Civilization was mostly peaceful

A

Historians believe this because there is no evidence of war. There is no evidence of war in any form including art, war weapons, or signs of destruction to prove otherwise

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22
Q

what evidence suggests that many people moved to Mohenjo Daro from far away? Why might people travel long distances to Harrapa

A

The evidence that helps prove the theory of migration into Mohenjo daro is by analyzing their teeth. They also saw the art that showed people wearing a variety of clothing and hairstyles. They also probably moved for trade.

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23
Q

Because people in Harappa were not fighting, what other skills could they develop

A

they developed skills in architecture and plumbing

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24
Q

why would having standard and uniform weights and measures be important for a civilization?

A

because it can help build in relation to the topography of the region

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25
Q

What modern conveniences and technology did the people of Harrapan have?

A

pulmbing and architecture

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26
Q

The _______ civilization was able to achieve a peaceful society where war was not fought. Becuase of this, they where able to develop modern day skills such as plumbing and architecture

A

Harrapan

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27
Q

group of hominids nicknamed the handy man because archeologists originally thought they where the first group of hominids to use stone tools. However, they did create stone tools, and used them to do things such as cut, scrape, chop, or saw plants, animals, or wood.

A

Homo habilis

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28
Q

earliest group of homonids

A

Australopithecines

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29
Q

upright man since their skeletons showed they where fully upright walkers . They where known to have large brains and bones and small teeth compared to other groups. Believed to be the first group to create fire. Created the first tool called a hand axe and their remains have been found throughout Europe and Asia.

A

Homo erectus

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30
Q

Theory that states that Homo Sapiens first lived in Africa and then migrated to other areas of the world.

A

Out of Africa Theory

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31
Q

modern day humans

A

homo sapiens

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32
Q

One of the two groups that originally developed from homo sapiens, that spread through out the world.

A

early modern humans

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33
Q

the two groups that emerged from homo sapiens

A

Neanderthals and earliest modern humans

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34
Q

where did Neanderthals mostly live

A

Europe and Asia

35
Q

After Neanderthals died out, what is the other group that even still to this day is the only hominid group still on earth.

A

modern day humans

36
Q

what are the two sections human prehistory is divided into?

A

the old Stone Age (paleolithic period)
(2 million - 12,000 years) +
the new Stone Age (neolithic period)
(12,000 - 5,000 years)

37
Q

what where many people in the old stone age?

A

nomads

38
Q

what where the roles of men and women in the old stone age

A

women: gatherers

men: hunters

39
Q

people who move from place to place in search of food

A

nomads

40
Q

during which two periods did people work with stone

A

Old Stone Age and New Stone Age

41
Q

during this stone age, people developed skills and technology

A

New Stone Age

42
Q

did humans use fire 1 million years ago?

A

yes

43
Q

what are some advantages from the use of fire

A

cooking, keeping animals away, staying warm

44
Q

Where Paleolithic people nomads?

A

yes

45
Q

about how many people where in each paleolithic nomad group?

A

20-30

46
Q

what do strategies for survival depend heavily on

A

the environment they are in

47
Q

T or F

the people from the Old Stone Age adapted accordingly to their environments

A

True

48
Q

what where some tools that people in the Old Stone Age created?

A

digging sticks, spears, axes from stone, bone and wood

49
Q

what events caused spoken language to occur

A

hunting and they started to use it for plans in the future

50
Q

belief that inhabited plants animals or others

A

animism

51
Q

where is the ancient civilization of sumar located

A

in between the tigris and euphraties

52
Q

land between the rivers

A

mesapotamia

53
Q

region of the middle east where civilizations first began

A

fertile cresent

54
Q

unpredictable flooding, no natural protection, and limited resources where all challanges of which ancient civilization

A

mesapotamia

55
Q

invented the wheel, the sail, the plow, math, and geometry along with cuniform

A

sumer

56
Q

epic of gilgamesh

A

sumer

57
Q

where was sargon the great from

A

greece

58
Q

t or f
sargon the great defeated the city states of sumer

A

true

59
Q

world’s first empire

A

Akkah/ Sargon the great

60
Q

t or f
the middle east was peaceful in ancient times

A

false

61
Q

150 years after sumer

A

babylon

62
Q

Babylon empire reached it’s peak during the reign of

A

Hammurabi

63
Q

t or f:
hammarubis law is very violent

A

true

64
Q

What age entered with the Hitties

A

iron age

65
Q

where did the Hitties come to mesapotamia from

A

Asia Minor or Turkey

66
Q

what where the Hitties experts in

A

iron work

67
Q

what did good iron work allow the hitties for

A

larger armies

68
Q

how many years since sumer had passed when the assyrians conquered mesapotamia

A

2,000

69
Q

possibly the first people to use cruxcification

A

Assyrians

70
Q

t or f
the assyrians had a reputation for being cruel

A

true

71
Q

founded the first library with work from the whole fertile cresent

A

assyrians

72
Q

who did the assyrians fall to?

A

nebuchadnezzar from the New Babylonian empire

73
Q

t or f
babylon had 2 parts to it

A

true

74
Q

who did the second round of Babylon fall to

A

Persia

75
Q

t or f
the persians hated their people and where very strict

A

false, they where very tolerant and allowed people to keep their customs and religions

76
Q

who unified the persian empire

A

Daruis I

77
Q

what system was established by Darius I once he unified Persia

A

beureaucracy

78
Q

how was persia divided once daruis took over

A

provinces and was governed by satraps (governers)

79
Q

who established common weights and measures in Persia`

A

Darius I

80
Q

founded by zoroaster; rejected polytheism in favor of monotheism ; belief of good god in constant battle with evil ; belief of good judgement and afterlife

A

Zoroastrianism

81
Q

powerful traders in the Mediterranean

A

Phoenicians

82
Q

most important city states of the phoenicians

A

tyre and sidon

83
Q

had colonies along nothern coast of africa and coasts of sicily, sardinia, and spain

A

phoenicians

84
Q

who created an alphabet

A

the phoenicians

world history (12 decks)

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