test 9 Flashcards
1
Q
war on poverty
A
series of social programs that expanded government assistance and welfare under Lyndon B. Johnson, part of great society plans
2
Q
the great society
A
- programs implemented by Lyndon B. Johnson to diminish poverty, expand education and insurance, and combat racism
- increased government spending by 83% and national debt by 16%
3
Q
medicare and medicaid
A
- 1965
- health insurance for elderly and low income
- established by Lyndon B. Johnson as part of great society
4
Q
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
A
- 1964
- gave Lyndon B. Johnson authority to escalate US involvement in Vietnam
5
Q
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
A
- 1965
- provided federal funding for public schools, part of great society
6
Q
Operation Rolling Thunder
A
- 1965-68
- bombing campaign against Vietnam
7
Q
1968
A
over 500k US troops were in Vietnam, 300K drafted
8
Q
Tet Offensive
A
- 1968
- surprise Viet Cong attack that turned people against war and LBJ
9
Q
Vietnam War
A
- first war to have major antiwar movement
- failed because Americans weren’t used to Vietnam environment and they couldn’t tell the difference between which Vietnamese people were on their side and which weren’t
- civilian deaths in Vietnam caused protests in US
10
Q
Student Nonviolent Coordinate Committee
A
- SNCC
- 1960
- founded to organize civil rights campaigns
11
Q
Greensboro Sit-Ins
A
- 4 black students sat at whites-only lunch counter at Woolworth’s
- 1960
- led to desegregation of Woolworth’s lunch counter
- faced violence
12
Q
freedom rides
A
- 1961
- black and white activists rode buses together throughout the South and violated segregation laws
- faced violence
13
Q
Birmingham Campaign
A
- 1963
- brutality against peaceful protestors turns people in support of CR movement
14
Q
Black militant approaches
A
- Malcolm X
- Black Panther party
15
Q
March on Washington
A
- 1965
- 250k people rally in DC
- “I have a dream” speech
16
Q
CR Act
A
- 1964
- signed by LBJ
- banned segregation
17
Q
Bloody Sunday
A
- 1965
- marches for black suffrage in South attacked by law enforcement
18
Q
Voting Rights Act
A
- 1965
- banned literacy tests and allowed federal oversight of southern elections
19
Q
Nixon’s campaign
A
- 1968
- law and order, candidate for silent majority
20
Q
Vietnamization
A
- Nixon’s policy to slowly withdraw troops from Vietnam
21
Q
New Economic Policy
A
- nixon
- ended gold standard
- price and wage freeze
- 10% protective tariff
- shift away from Republican history of laissez faire
22
Q
Cambodia
A
US invaded as last effort in war
23
Q
Kent State
A
- National Guard kills 4 student protestors against Cambodia involvement in 1970
24
Q
Pentagon Papers
A
- 1971
- leaked documents revealed previous administrations had misled public about truth of Vietnam War
25
Q
Detente
A
- Nixon eases Cold War tensions by visiting China and USSR
26
Q
SALT I treaty
A
- 1972
- agreement between US and USSR to limit development and deployment of missiles
27
Q
watergate
A
- break in at democratic headquarters that White House covered up
- fired attorney general for investigating and refused to release tapes
- SCOTUS demands tape release, Nixon administration deleted parts of recordings
- Nixon resigns before he could be impeached
28
Q
Gerald Ford
A
- becomes president in 1974 after Nixon resigns
29
Q
Paris Peace Accords
A
- 1973
- ends direct US military involvement in Vietnam
30
Q
War Powers Act
A
- 1973
- passed to limit president’s ability to send troops without approval
31
Q
Oil and Energy Crisis
A
- OPEC cuts oil supply to US because of its support for Israel in Yom Kippur War
- leads to rising prices and inflation
32
Q
Jimmy Carter
A
- elected in 1976
- appealed to voters tired of scandal and corruption
33
Q
Camp David Accords
A
- 1978
- historic peace treay between Egypt and Israel brokered by Carter
34
Q
Iran Hostage Crisis
A
- 1979
- 52 Americans taken hostage in Tehran for 444 days
35
Q
stagflation
A
- 1970s
- economic hit due to high inflation
- unemployment and slow growth
36
Q
Crisis of Confidence speech
A
- 1979
- Carter’s failed speech to inspire the country
37
Q
Ronald Reagan’s first term
A
- elected in 1980
- conservative shift
- cut welfare programs, increased military spending, national debt grew
- military spending leads to more employment and economy rebounds
38
Q
supply-side economics
A
- major tax cuts for richest people
- theory that wealth would “trickle down” to lower classes
39
Q
mini recession
A
- 1982
- caused by cutting welfare
- Reagan was unpopular for a bit
- fixed by military spending
40
Q
Reagan’s second term
A
- income inequality increased
- strong economy kept him popular
- left office in 1988 w/high approval ratings and tripled national debt
41
Q
Iran-Contra affair
A
- secret arms sale to Iran in return for hostages being released so hostage release would look good for Reagan’s presidency
- profits illegally sent to Nicaraguan rebels against communism
42
Q
INF treaty
A
- intermediate-range nuclear forces treaty
- 1987
- signed by US and USSR
- eliminated some missiles
43
Q
end of Cold War
A
- Berlin Wall falls in 1989
- USSR dissolves in 1991
44
Q
Persian Gulf War
A
- 1990
- expelled Iraq from Kuwait
- Bush believed US didn’t go far enough, his son goes to war with Iran again when he becomes president
45
Q
1990 recession
A
- Bush raised taxes
- damaged credibility with Republican party because he’d promised never to raise taxes
46
Q
Clinton’s election
A
- 1992
- Ross Perot took votes from Bush bc he started Reform Party against Bush’s taxes
47
Q
NAFTA
A
- North American free trade agreement
- 1994
- promoted free trade across North America
- globalization
48
Q
internet economy
A
- 1990s
- strong GDP growth, low unemployment, budget surplus
49
Q
Clinton impeachment
A
- affair w/White House intern
- acquited by Senate in 1999 of charges of obstruction of justice, support for him remained high
