test 7 Flashcards
1
Q
nativism
A
- anti immigrant sentiment that grew due to exonomic competition and cultural differences in the late 19th century
- targeted Southern and Eastern Europeans, Irish, and Chinese laborers
2
Q
Chinese Exclusion Act
A
- 1882
- restricted all Chinese immigration
- first major federal law aimed at immigration restriction
3
Q
Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)
A
- advocated for prohibition and temperance to achieve social purity
- one of the first organizations to get women involved in politics
- used public demonstration and door to door campaigns
4
Q
Frances Willard
A
- expanded WCTU’s mission to include suffrage and societal reforms
5
Q
Sherman Antitrust Act
A
- 1890
- federal legislation that restricted trusts and monopolies
- made it illegal to form contracts that restrained trade or commerce among states
6
Q
Populist (People’s) Party
A
- 1892
- formed by farmers who had grievances with economic corruption
- fought for free silver, nationalized railroads, graduated income tax, and direct election of senators
- hated gold standard because gold was very rare and exclusive
7
Q
Homestead Strike
A
- 1892
- violent conflict at Carnegie Steel’s Homestead plant because of wage cuts
- management hired Pinkerton agents to break up strike which led to more violence
8
Q
Pullman Strike
A
- 1894
- strike against wage cuts and high rents in company owned housing
- led by Eugene V. Debs
- government sided with businesses and deployed federal troops
9
Q
Battle of Little Bighorn
A
- 1876
- Sioux Natives led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse refused to move out of their land 1874
- US army battalion led by George A. Custer attacked them to force them to move to reservations
- Custer’s army was annihilated, people called it his “last stand” and glorified it
10
Q
ghost dance
A
- spiritual movement promising buffalo resurgence and white settler disappearance
11
Q
Wounded Knee Massacre
A
- 1890
- 7th US cavalry sent to disarm Lakota Sioux
- over 300 Lakota killed
- 20 soldiers received medals of honor
- end of major armed Native American resistance
12
Q
Panic of 1893
A
- led to widespread debate on US monetary policy
- gold standard vs. free silver
13
Q
William Jennings Bryan
A
- became nominee for Democrats in 1896 after “cross of gold” speech
14
Q
Election of 1896
A
- William McKinley won close election with urban and industrialized areas
- Republicans = big business party, Democrats = populist party
15
Q
Plessy v. Ferguson
A
- 1896
- Homer Plessy challenged Louisiana’s segregation laws by sitting in white-only railway car
- SCOTUS ruled that segregation was constitutional w/”separate but equal”
- legitimized Jim Crow laws and segregation in Southern factories
- legally reinforced unequal education, transportation, and public places
16
Q
Taylorism
A
- 1911
- promoted efficiency in industrial production through studies and standardization
- mass production and managerial jobs created urban middle class w/leisure activities
- US shifted from substinence economy (raw goods and clothing) to consumer-based
17
Q
Horace Mann
A
- advocated for tax-funded common schools
18
Q
Progressive Era
A
- 1890s-1920s
- growing urbanization led to tenement housing with poor sanitation and living conditions
- muckrakers exposed this through photos and journalism
19
Q
Jacob Riis
A
- wrote How the Other Half Lives about child labor
20
Q
Ida Tarbell
A
- exposed Standard Oil’s unethical business practices and contributed to its breakup in 1911
21
Q
Upton Sinclair
A
- wrote The Jungle about meat packing industry, led to more regulation
22
Q
Booker T. Washington
A
- advocated for gradual social/economic advancement for African Americans
23
Q
Atlanta Compromise
A
- 1895
- urged African Americans to focus on vocational education
24
Q
William E. Dubois
A
- opposed Washington and advocated for immediate social equality
- cofounded NAACP (1909) and promoted protest, activism, and legal challenges
25
Q
imperialism
A
- rose from desire for overseas markets of raw goods to sustain industrialization
- social Darwinism argued that Anglo-Saxons needed to “civilize” other nations
- US wanted to compete with colonization of European countries
26
Q
Hawaii
A
- annexed in 1898 for military and trade reasons
- US imperialism
