test 8 Flashcards
yellow journalism
- Pulitzer and Hearst
- overexaggerations about what was happening in Cuba that negatively influenced American perception
Spanish-American War
- 1898
- USS Main explodes in Havana Harbor
- US wins and acquires Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines from Spain
- US emerged as global power
- Platt Amendment
Platt Amendment
US required amendment to be added to Cuban constitution that required approval of US to make changes
Open Door Policy
- 1899
- called for “open door” in trading with China, no one country could control the market
Roosevelt Corollary
- 1904
- said US had a right to intervene in Latin America if there was “chronic unrest or wrongdoing”
- protected US economic interests
Phillippine-American War
- after US annexed Phillippines, fought over whether it should be an independent country or not
- led to debates over American imperialism
- Teddy Roosevelt believed in jingo nationalism, using aggressive military force to expand and protect territory
Roosevelt’s Square Deal
- corporate regulation, consumer protection, conservation
- anti trust
- Meat Inspection Act, FDA
- established national parks to protect 230 million acres of public land
Great White Fleet
- 1907-1909
- ordered by Roosevelt to sail around world and demonstrate American power
Jane Addam’s Hull House
set up to provide social and educational services to immigrants and the poor in Chicago
Great Migration
- 6 million African Americans moved out of South to escape Jim Crow
- changed demographics and culture of Northern and Midwestern urban centers (Chicago and NYC)
Harlem Renaissance
- 1920s
- social and artistic explosion that celebrated black cultural expression
Beginning of WWI
- US initially remained neutral and just sold weapons
- desire to join war agains Germany grew with unrestricted submarine warfare
Sinking of Lusitania
- 1915
- British Cruise Ship carrying American passengers
- led to entry into WWI
Zimmerman Telegram
- 1917
- Germany tried to convince Mexico to fight Us through English telegram service, which was intercepted and publicized
- led to entry into WWI
Selective Service Act
- 1917
- required men ages 18-45 to register for military draft
1918 Sedition Act
criminalized speech that criticized government during WWI
Committe on Public Information (CPI)
promoted war and financed by liberty bonds
19th Amendment
- 1920
- fueled by effort of women in factories, offices, and nursing during WWI
Wilson’s 14 Points
- proposals for whole world
- self determination, free trade, league of nations (Senate rejected League of Nations to avoid future international involvement)
Bull Moose Party
- created by Teddy Roosevelt on basis of disliking Taft, new Republican president
- split Republican vote and allowed Democrat Wilson to become president
Immigration Act of 1924
- National Origins Act
- no more than 2% of foreign-born citizens could be from the same country
First Red Scare
- 1920s
- period of intense fear of communism and radicalism in US
- labor unions lost support as fear of working class revolt grew
Palmer Raids
- series of raids targeting suspected radicals
- arrests and deporations
Teapot Dome Scandal
- 1921
- US oil reserves were leased to private companies
- led to Albert Fall being the first cabinet member to be imprisoned for crimes committed in office
Scopes “Monkey” Trial
- 1925
- John Scopes was tried for teaching evolution in Tennessee
- William Jennings Bryan was prosecutor
- debates over church vs. state
Roaring 20s
- economy grew rapidly
- mass production and consumer culture
- assembly line, Henry Ford, Model T
- provision of easy credit fueled borrowed consumer spending, mass speculation in stocks
The Great Depression`
- 1930s
- severe worldwide economic downturn that began with stock market crash in 1929
- widespread unemployment, bank failures, mass declines in economic output
Dust Bowl
- perod of severe dust storms and droughts in Great Plains
- 2.5 million forced to migrate out due to famine
The New DEal
- Franklin Roosevelt introduced program focused on relief, recovery, and reform
- created major federal programs on borrowed money (CCA, WPA, PWA) to provide jobs
Keynsian economics
government goes into debt to set up job opportunities, people get money and spend it to stimulate economy
Social Security
- 1935
- created safety net for elderly and unemployed
Wagner Act
- 1935
- protected labor unions and collective bargaining
- expanded workers’ rights
Neutrality Act
- prohibited arms to be sold to nations at war
- restricted American travel on foreign ships
Fair Labor Standards Act
- 1938
- created minimum wage and banned child labor
Land-Lease Act
- 1941
- sent military aid to Allied forces for free
Pearl Habor
- Japenese bombed military base in Hawaii on Dec 7, 1941
- 2403 American deaths
- US joins war on side of Allies the next day, declaring war on Japan and Axis powers
Executive Order 9066
- 1942
- authorized forced relocation and internment of Japanese Americans
War Production Board
oversaw transition of industries from consumerism to military supplies
