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test 4 Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

Revolution of 1800

A

election of 1800 shifted power from Feds to Dem Reps, TJ wins presidency and Dem Reps win legislative branch, peaceful switch of power rather than fighting

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2
Q

John Marshall

A

SCOTUS justice who established judicial review in Marbury v. Madison

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3
Q

Marbury v. Madison

A
  • 1803
  • as John Adams left office, he appointed lots of federal judges based on Judiciary Act
  • Jefferson said Madison didn’t have to follow through on appointments and Marbury, an appointee, took it to court
  • Marshall ruled against Marbury because he declared the Judiciary Act unconstitutional
  • established that judicial branch could strike down unconstitutional laws
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4
Q

the Louisiana Purchase

A
  • 1803
  • doubles size of US after Louisiana is bought from Napoleon
  • contradicted TJ’s ideas about strict Constitutional interpretation and federal power
  • TJ argued that it provided the land necessary for his agrarian vision
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5
Q

James Madison

A
  • elected president in 1808 when tensions over British impressment were high
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6
Q

Lewis and Clark expedition

A
  • 1804-1806
  • gathered scientific and geographical information and established relations with native people
  • traveled to pacific edge of US
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7
Q

Market Revolution

A
  • early 1800s
  • economic shift from local to national market
  • new transportation systems (canals, railroads, steamboats)
  • growth of Northern factories
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8
Q

War of 1812

A
  • America declared war on Britain because of impressment and agitation of frontier Native Americans
  • burning of York (Toronto) and DC
  • ended in stalemate
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9
Q

Hartford Convention

A
  • 1814
  • anti-war Federalists suggest Constitutional changes
  • seen as unpatriotic
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10
Q

Battle of New Orleans

A
  • 1815
  • major victory after war was over, led by Andrew Jackson and boosted national pride
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11
Q

The Era of Good Feelings

A
  • 1815-1825
  • Federalist party disbanded after Hamilton’s death and Hartford Convention
  • Dem Reps ran unopposed in election of 1820
  • economy grew but sectional tensions increased
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12
Q

James Monroe

A
  • reelected president in 1820 with no opposition
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13
Q

Clay’s American System

A
  • 1816
  • proposal to unify nation’s economy w/national bank, protective tariffs, and internal improvements
  • used non-partisan momentum to aim for economic independence from Britain
  • 2nd Bank of US
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14
Q

Henry Clay

A
  • leader of Warhawks
  • Congressman and later Speaker of House and Secretary of State
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15
Q

2nd Bank of US

A
  • 1816
  • chartered to stabilize US currency and credit system
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16
Q

Tecumseh’s Confederacy

A
  • led by Shawnee leader to resist US expansion
  • declined after loss at Battle of Tippecanoe
  • last organized attempt at native resistance against expansion
  • ended after Tecumseh’s death (1813)
17
Q

Battle of Tippecanoe

A
  • 1811
  • fueled American suspicion that British were inciting Natives
  • Native forces defeated by William H Harrison and Tecumseh’s Confederacy declined
18
Q

Panic of 1819

A
  • first major financial crisis caused by land speculation and bank mismanagement
  • economic hardships and unemployment led to increased distrust of banks and financial institutions
19
Q

Missouri Compromise

A
  • 1820
  • admitted Missouri as slave state and Maine as free
  • 36-30 line became boundary for future expansion of slavery in North America
20
Q

Monroe Doctrine

A
  • 1823
  • declared Western Hemisphere off limits to Europeans
  • asserted US influence upon Americas and became cornerstone of foreign policy
21
Q

Election of 1824

A
  • “Corrupt Bargain”
  • House chooses John Quincy Adams as president over Andrew Jackson even though Jackson won popular vote, Henry Clay became Secretary of State
  • leads to split of Dem Reps and rise of Jacksonian Dems
22
Q

Lowell System

A
  • factory system in Massachusetts that employed young women with strict rules
  • early example of industrial labor systems and the shift towards industrial production in the North
23
Q

Tariff of Abominations

A
  • 1828
  • high protective tariff that angered southern states, particularly SC
  • fueled sectional tensions

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