test 4 Flashcards
1
Q
Revolution of 1800
A
election of 1800 shifted power from Feds to Dem Reps, TJ wins presidency and Dem Reps win legislative branch, peaceful switch of power rather than fighting
2
Q
John Marshall
A
SCOTUS justice who established judicial review in Marbury v. Madison
3
Q
Marbury v. Madison
A
- 1803
- as John Adams left office, he appointed lots of federal judges based on Judiciary Act
- Jefferson said Madison didn’t have to follow through on appointments and Marbury, an appointee, took it to court
- Marshall ruled against Marbury because he declared the Judiciary Act unconstitutional
- established that judicial branch could strike down unconstitutional laws
4
Q
the Louisiana Purchase
A
- 1803
- doubles size of US after Louisiana is bought from Napoleon
- contradicted TJ’s ideas about strict Constitutional interpretation and federal power
- TJ argued that it provided the land necessary for his agrarian vision
5
Q
James Madison
A
- elected president in 1808 when tensions over British impressment were high
6
Q
Lewis and Clark expedition
A
- 1804-1806
- gathered scientific and geographical information and established relations with native people
- traveled to pacific edge of US
7
Q
Market Revolution
A
- early 1800s
- economic shift from local to national market
- new transportation systems (canals, railroads, steamboats)
- growth of Northern factories
8
Q
War of 1812
A
- America declared war on Britain because of impressment and agitation of frontier Native Americans
- burning of York (Toronto) and DC
- ended in stalemate
9
Q
Hartford Convention
A
- 1814
- anti-war Federalists suggest Constitutional changes
- seen as unpatriotic
10
Q
Battle of New Orleans
A
- 1815
- major victory after war was over, led by Andrew Jackson and boosted national pride
11
Q
The Era of Good Feelings
A
- 1815-1825
- Federalist party disbanded after Hamilton’s death and Hartford Convention
- Dem Reps ran unopposed in election of 1820
- economy grew but sectional tensions increased
12
Q
James Monroe
A
- reelected president in 1820 with no opposition
13
Q
Clay’s American System
A
- 1816
- proposal to unify nation’s economy w/national bank, protective tariffs, and internal improvements
- used non-partisan momentum to aim for economic independence from Britain
- 2nd Bank of US
14
Q
Henry Clay
A
- leader of Warhawks
- Congressman and later Speaker of House and Secretary of State
15
Q
2nd Bank of US
A
- 1816
- chartered to stabilize US currency and credit system
16
Q
Tecumseh’s Confederacy
A
- led by Shawnee leader to resist US expansion
- declined after loss at Battle of Tippecanoe
- last organized attempt at native resistance against expansion
- ended after Tecumseh’s death (1813)
17
Q
Battle of Tippecanoe
A
- 1811
- fueled American suspicion that British were inciting Natives
- Native forces defeated by William H Harrison and Tecumseh’s Confederacy declined
18
Q
Panic of 1819
A
- first major financial crisis caused by land speculation and bank mismanagement
- economic hardships and unemployment led to increased distrust of banks and financial institutions
19
Q
Missouri Compromise
A
- 1820
- admitted Missouri as slave state and Maine as free
- 36-30 line became boundary for future expansion of slavery in North America
20
Q
Monroe Doctrine
A
- 1823
- declared Western Hemisphere off limits to Europeans
- asserted US influence upon Americas and became cornerstone of foreign policy
21
Q
Election of 1824
A
- “Corrupt Bargain”
- House chooses John Quincy Adams as president over Andrew Jackson even though Jackson won popular vote, Henry Clay became Secretary of State
- leads to split of Dem Reps and rise of Jacksonian Dems
22
Q
Lowell System
A
- factory system in Massachusetts that employed young women with strict rules
- early example of industrial labor systems and the shift towards industrial production in the North
23
Q
Tariff of Abominations
A
- 1828
- high protective tariff that angered southern states, particularly SC
- fueled sectional tensions
