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AT Course_NE > Test 8 - Theory of Design > Flashcards

Test 8 - Theory of Design Flashcards

1
Q

4 Principles of RCL?

A
  • If two equal weights can be fired in the opposite directions at equal velocity the weapon will be recoilless
  • possible to use a counter shot of half the weight if it can be fired at twice the velocity
  • counter shot replaced by stream of very light gas
  • obturated breech is replaced by the venturi
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2
Q

3 Advantages of RCL Systems?

A
  • No Recoil
  • Low Weight
  • Man Portable (84mm)
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3
Q

3 Disadvantages of RCL Systems?

A
  • Low Velocity
  • Flash / Dust Signature
  • Large propelling charge
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4
Q

What replaces the breech obturator in RCL systems?

A
  • Venturi
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5
Q

2 + 1 Sections of FFRs?

A
  • Motor (including combustion chamber, fins and nozzle)
  • Warhead (including fuze)
  • Launcher
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6
Q

6 Components of an FFR rocket motor?

A 
C - Casing
P - Propellant
C - Combustion Chamber
F - Fins (if not spin stabilised)
I - Igniter
N - Nozzle (s)
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7
Q

6 Types of Warheads for FFRs?

A
  • Nuclear
  • HE
  • Chem (incl smoke)
  • Sub Munitions
  • Terminally Guided Munitions
  • Prac
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8
Q

4 Characteristics of FFRs?

A

C - Casing strong to withstand the pressure/temp of combustion
O - Only use boost motors
M - Made of various steels
D - De Laval nozzles normally used (convergent - Divergent)

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9
Q

What 3 factors affect the accuracy of FFRs?

A
  • Surface Cross Winds
  • Burning Rate of Propellant
  • Launcher induced Errors
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10
Q

What is the main type of propellant used in FFRs?

A

Solid Propellant

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11
Q

4 Ways to overcome thrust misalignment in FFRs?

A
  • Manufacturing to closer tolerances
  • Impart a slower rate of spin
  • Reduced rocket motor burning time
  • Addition of fins
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12
Q

What is the type of Nozzle used in FFRs and how does it work?

A
  • De Laval Nozzle

- High pressure sub sonic gas is transferred into low pressure super sonic gas.

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13
Q

Define Grenade?

A
  • Small explosive store designed for projection by hand or from a personal weapon.
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14
Q

3 Design Categories for Grenades?

A
  • Hand Thrown
  • Projected - Rifle launched/gun fired
  • Discharger - weapon/vehicle launched
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15
Q

8 Types of Payload/filling for Grenades?

A
  • HE Anti Pers
  • HEAT
  • Smk
  • Chem
  • Flash
  • Incendiary
  • Prac
  • Illum
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16
Q

5 Components of a Grenade?

A
  • Body
  • Filling
  • Frag
  • Fuze Cavity
  • Fuze
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17
Q

6 Components of a Grenade Fuze?

A 
S - Safety Pin
S - Striker / Percussion Cap
S - Spring
F - Fly off lever
D - Detonator
D - Delay Pellet
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18
Q

2 Types of HE Grenades?

A
  • Offensive (Blast)

- Defensive (Blast and Frag)

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19
Q

2 Types of Smk Grenades?

A
  • Signalling

- Screening

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20
Q

Define SAA?

A

Ammunition for weapons such as pistols, rifles and machine guns below 20mm in calibre.

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21
Q

** 4 Components / Main Parts of SAA

A
  • CC
  • Ignition System
  • Propellant Charge
  • Projectile
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22
Q

** 4 Influences/ contour factors for SAA CC?

A
  • Role of the ammo
  • Type of weapon
  • Projectile design
  • Ignition system
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23
Q

A SAA CC must HAVE THE FOLLOWING REQUIREMENTS? (4)

A

R - Resist corrosion
C - Contract to allow extraction
B - Be sufficiently expandable to provide obturation
S - Strong enough to withstand transportation and handling

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24
Q

How are large propellant charges accommodated in SAA CC’s?

A
  • Made larger than the diameter of the proj

- Necked down at the forward end

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25
What ideal combination of attributes does Brass provide? (4)
- Strength - Hardness - Elasticity - Resistance
26
How is Brass CC manufactured?
- Drawn from a disc, stamped from a sheet | - Deep drawing done in several stages
27
Why is a soft mouth necessary for SAA CC? (3)
- Expand as soon as pressure rises in chamber? - Establishes an early seal - Prevents gas leakage
28
Why is a hard base necessary for SAA CC? (2)
- Withstand internal pressure and rearward thrust from propellant gases - Stresses applied by extractors
29
The projectile must be secured to the mouth of the CC to provide what? (3)
- Seal against moisture - Prevent accidental removal - Retention by the CC to allow gas pressure build up.
30
6 Methods of attaching SAA Projectiles to CCs?
``` P - Press fit I - Indenting S - Stabbing C - Coning C - Crimping C - Canneluring ```
31
** 4 Types of Bases to be used in SAA?
- Rimmed - Rimless - Semi-Rimmed - Belted
32
** Method of ignition for SAA?
- Relies on a striker impinging on a cap containing sensitive composition - Flame passes through flash holes to ignite propellant.
33
** 3 Types of ignition used for SAA?
I - Integral Anvil / Berdan S - Separate Anvil / Boxer R - Rimfire
34
Design Considerations/requirements for SAA projectiles? (5)
- Target Characteristics - Effect required on the target - Maximum effective range - Ballistics - Type of weapon
35
4 Design Considerations/requirements for Short Range SAA projectiles?
- Fired at LV - Not required to maintain stability over long ranges - Ballistic shape is relatively unimportant - 9mm Parabellum, short and snub nosed
36
3 Design Considerations/requirements for long Range SAA projectiles?
- Long and narrow with pointed tips and long ogives to reduce nose drag - streamlined or boattailed bases, CoG affects flight. - improved stability and reduced drag retain velocity and accuracy
37
What is SAA accuracy/consistency influenced by? (4)
L - Loading exact quantities of propellant S - Separation of the proj from the CC at correct pressure A - Achieving efficient obturation C - Consistent burning of the propellant
38
** What are the 4 base markings found on SAA?
- Manufactures symbol - Year of manufacture - Calibre - Model Number
39
``` Colour coding of SAA projectile tips? Black - Silver - Blue - Yellow - Red - Uncoloured - ```
``` Black - AP Silver - API Blue - I Yellow - Observing Red - Tracer Uncoloured - Ball ```
40
What are the 3 materials SAA CC are made from and their make up percentage?
- Brass = 70/30 Copper/Zinc - Cupro Nickel = 80/20 copper/nickel alloy - Gilding Metal = 90/10 copper/zinc alloy
41
Why are working stresses in SAA CC required to be removed? (2)
To Prevent: - Season cracking - Stress corrosion
42
When do spin stabilised SAA projectiles become unstable in flight?
When their length exceeds the width by 6 calibres
43
What are solid SAA projectiles made up of? (2)
- Solid core | - envelope
44
Different types/categories of SAA projectiles?
- Solid (ball/AP) (with or without envelope) | - Filled (tracer/incdy)
45
4 Methods to influence break-up of SAA?
- longtudinal scoring of envelope - cutting off the envelope tip - leaving hollow section at envelope tip - leaving unjacketed hollow at nose of proj
46
What does SRTA consist of? (4)
- used in places where large safety traces not avail - accurate plastic projectiles at short range - plastic CC may be used - metal rims for extraction.
47
** 4 methods of securing percussion primers to SAA CC?
P - Punch Stabbing P - Push fit B - Burring R - Ringing
48
Methods of countermeausre/Breaching Mines? (3)
- Hand Breaching - Mechanical Breaching - Explosive Breaching
49
Methods of Laying Mines: (3)
- Laid by hand - Mechanical means - Scattering - vehicle, artillery, aircraft
50
Groups of AT Mines? (4)
P - Pattern S - Scatterable S - Side Attack A - Area Defence
51
Categories of Anti Pers Mines? (3)
- Pressure Activated/Direct Contact (blast, lower limb) - Omni-Directional Frag (stake mounted/bounding) - Directional Frag (tgt or cmd detonated (claymore))
52
** Components of Mines? (5)
- Warhead: He blast, Shrapnel, Shaped Charges/EFPs - Sensor and Fuze: Mech (press/contact, Elec (disrim) - Safety and Arming Unit - Power Source - Case
53
What are the Operational Characteristics of Mines? (8)
``` R - Resistance to Countermeasures R - Remote Control (RC) R - Recording and Marking E - Ease of Laying D - Delay arming S - Self-Sterilsation S - Self Destruct S - Sensitivity ```
54
Actuation weights for Mines? A/pers and AT.
- A/pers - 8-50kg | - AT - 200-250kg
55
Effects/Type of obstacles presented to enemy of Mines?
- Disrupt - Turn - Fix - Block
56
Characteristics of Mines? (5)
- All weather, 24hr capability - Psychological effect - Contribution to the destruction of the enemy - CBRN resistant - Cost effective
57
Define Mine:
- An explosive or other material, normally encased. - designed to destroy or damage vehicles, boats or aircraft - designed to wound, kill or incapacitate personnel. - detonated by victim, time or controlled means.
58
How may WP wedges are in the 155mm | WP M825A1?
116.
59
Types of Propellant + Primer for Artillery?
- M232A1 Modular Artillery Charge System (MACS): Tan / Double based - M231 MACS - Green / Single based - Reducer Flash M2 - M3A1 Green - M4A2 White - Primer Percussion M82
60
Types of Projectiles for Artillery? (6)
- HE M107: PD, MT, Prox - HE M795: PD, MT, ET, MOFA - SMART DM702A1: ET - HE XM982 Excalibur: PD, Prox - Illuminating M485A2:MTSQ, ET - WP M825A1
61
What is the inservice Artillery and what is the Ordnance of it?
Howitzer M777A2 | M776 Cannon
62
** 4 Types of 81mm and 60mm Ammunition?
- HE - Smoke WP and RP - Illumination VL and IR - Training
63
4 Characteristics of a Mortar?
- Smooth Bore - No Recoil Mechanism - Restricted to use at elevations above 800 mils - Muzzle loaded
64
Types of Mortar Fire? (7)
- preparation fire - covering fire - defensive fire - counter battery fire - harrassing fire - smoke - illuminating
65
.50cal/12.7mm Natures? (4)
- .50cal 4B1T - .50cal Blank F3 - .50cal M962 SLAP-T - 12.7mm 1MN140/1NM173/1MN160 Lnk
66
25mm Natures? (5)
- 25mm APDS-T M791 - 25mm TPDS-T M910 - 25mm MPT-SD mk2 - 25mm TP-T M793 - 25mm Dummy M794
67
120mm Natures? (6)
- 120mm APFSDS-T KE-W A2 - 120mm TPCSDS-T M865 - 120mm Cannister M1028 - 120mm HEAT-MP-T M830A1 - 120mm TP-T M831A1 - 120mm TPMP-T M1002 - .50cal SLAP-T
68
4 Principles of armour employment?
- Mission Command - Combined Arms - Sustainment - Manoeuvre Space
69
3 General characteristics of armour?
- Shock action - versatility - adapatability
70
Characteristics of AShM? (4)
- Sea-skimming - Inertial guidance & active homing - rader/IR (heat) - Turbojet & Rockets - Long ranges: 300-550 km
71
Role os SSGW / SSM? (4)
- Supersede or Augment Strategic Bomber Aircraft - Augment Tac Bomber Aircraft - Augment Conventional Artillery - To Attack Pin Point Targets - To Conduct Recon
72
SAGW / SAM must be? (3)
M - More manoeuvrable than target F - Faster than target C - Capable of quick reaction and launch
73
6 Disadvantages of GW?
``` R - Reliability R - Response Time C - Cost M - Minimum Range F - Flight Time S - Support Requirements ```
74
4 Advantages of GW?
W - Weight of Fire I/A - Increased hit probability / Accuracy R - Range C - Ceiling
75
Define GW?
WEAPON SYSTEM IN WHICH THE WARHEAD IS DELIVERED BY AN UNMANNED GUIDED VEHICLE.
76
4 Common Components of 120mm?
- CCC - Case Base and Seal Assembly (CBSA) - Electric Primer M129 or M125 - Main Charge Propellant JA-2 or M14
77
***** | When using/handling Tank Ammo what must you use?
Dry Cotton gloves.
78
******* | How is Excalibur guided?
GPS
79
******* | What does CCC mean?
Combustible Cart Case
80
****** | PD is one type of fuze for arty what is one other?
- MT - Prox - ET - MOFA

AT Course_NE (23 decks)

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