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AT Course_NE > Test 2 - Explosives and Propellants > Flashcards

Test 2 - Explosives and Propellants Flashcards

1
Q

Ingredients and mix of gunpowder

A

7 parts Saltpetre
5 parts Sulphur
5 parts Charcoal

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2
Q

Ballistite consists of?

A

NC, NC, Camphor

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3
Q

Cordite consists of?

A

NG, NC, Petroleum Jelly

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4
Q

Categories of Propellants?

A

Liquid or Solid

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5
Q

What is in triple based propellant?

A

NC, NG, NQ (picrite)

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6
Q

Types of Liquid Propellants?

A

Mono Propellant

Bi-Propellant

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7
Q

Types of Solid Propellants?

A
  • Colloidal - Single, double, triple based

- Composite based propellants

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8
Q

How did they overcome Picric Acid’s not fully detonating in the Boer war?

A

Tetryl was added as a booster to enchance the detonation.

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9
Q

List all Types of Pyros

A 
P - Pyromechanisms
T - Tracer Comp
P - Priming Comp
I - Incendiary Comp
S - Simulators
S - Signal Comp
S - Smoke Comp
I - Illumination Comp
D - Delay Comp
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10
Q

What makes the colours of illum/signals?

A 
Red - Strontium Nitrate
Orange - Calcium Nitrate
Yellow - Sodium Nitrate
Green - Barium Nitrate
Blue - Copper Carbonate
White - Barium Nitrate/Potassium Nitrate Mix
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11
Q

4 Characteristics of Primer composition:

A

Easily ignited
Generate High Heat
not burn too quickly or violently
be compatible with the mixutre used.

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12
Q

Define Primary Explosives

A

Substance, or mixture of substances used to initiate a detonation or a burning reaction.

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13
Q

2 Types of Initiators?

A

Igniferous

Disruptive

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14
Q

2 Types of Explosive Initiators?

A

Igniters

Detonators

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15
Q

Define HE:

A

Any explosive which once initiated decomposes almost instantaneously into it’s original molecular structure by the passage of a detonation wave through it, with a subsequent production of heat and gases and the liberation of great energy.

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16
Q

Define Detonation:

A

An extremely rapid checmial reaction with the evolution of heat and gas, accompanied by a violent disruptive effect and intense blast.

17
Q

Define LE:

A

An explosive substance which decomposes rapidly through combustion with the evolution of heat and flash and generates a large qty of gaseous products.
Burning rate up to 300m/s

18
Q

Name the 11 HE Natures:

A 
T - TR1 N/A (Explosive D 7150)
H - HMX 9120
A - ANFO 1100-2700
T - TNT 6950
C - CE 7500
C - Comp B 7800
C - C4 7500
R - RDX 8450
P - PETN 8300
P - Picric Acid 6800
P - PE4 8200
19
Q

what is the VoD for all He natures:

A 
Exp D = 7150
HMX = 9120
ANFO = 1100-2700
TNT = 6950
CE = 7500
Comp B = 7800
C4 = 7500
RDX = 8450
PETN = 8300
Picric Acid = 6800
PE4 = 8200
20
Q

What is the make-up of Comp B

A

59.5% RDX, 39.5% TNT, 1% Wax

21
Q

Purpose of Additives:

A 
Increase Sensitivity
Increase blast effects
Improve Stability
Improve mouldability
Decrease Sensitivity
22
Q

How many essential ingredients are there for cap compositions and what are they?

A

Three:

  • Primary explosive
  • Sensitiser
  • Oxidiser
23
Q

What’s Dark ignition?

A

the delay before a tracer ignites, usually 100-200m from the wepons. it allows for the weapon position to not be compromised and also to prevent dazzling to the firer when firing of multiple weapons at night.

24
Q

List the design requirements for Illum:

A
  • Must burn for the correct time
  • Must have correct luminosity
  • Whitstand firing forces.
25
Q

How many Ideal properties in smoke compositions and what are they?

A

Five:

  • Immediate in effect
  • Unaffected as far as possible by climate/weather
  • Persistent
  • Non anti-personnel
  • Non incendiary
26
Q

Two Purposes of Smoke:

A

Tac Screening

Signalling

27
Q

2 Groups of Incendiary material?

A 
Metals and Alloys (magnesium)
Combustible Fluids (Napalm)
28
Q

Define Propellant:

A

An explosive in which, by controlled burning, provides the gas pressure required to give motion to a projectile or missle.

29
Q

Purpose of a delay composition:

A

Provide a delay between two igniting or explosive events.

30
Q

Advantages of Single based propellant:

A
  • Coller bruning, there less erosive
  • Generates less flash than cordite
  • ballistics less affected by change in charge temp
31
Q

Advantages of Double based propellants

A
  • Easily ignited
  • higher flame temperature
  • Higher Energy rating than single
  • higher burn rate
32
Q

Two functions of carbamite:

A

Stabiliser and Surfance Moderant

33
Q

What are the different forms/ways propellant burns?

A

Degressive - large to small surface area through burn
Constant/Neutral - same surface area throughout burn
Progressive - small to large surface area through burn

34
Q

Define Delay Composition

A

A Composition that provides a time delay for a burning train of inflammable composition between events.

AT Course_NE (23 decks)

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