AT Course_NE > Test 4 - Cartridges and Projectiles > Flashcards

Test 4 - Cartridges and Projectiles Flashcards

(39 cards)

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1
Q

How is Separate Ammunition loaded into a BL weapon?

A
  • The Proj and charge bags are loaded into the chamber of the gun
  • The Breech is closed to provide obturation
  • A Tube or Primer is inserted into the Breech.
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2
Q

9 Types of Carrier Projectiles:

A
  • Flare
  • Radar Echo
  • Incendiary
  • Illumination
  • Smoke
  • Sub Projectiles/munitions
  • Conventional Anti Personnel
  • Propaganda
  • Chemical
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3
Q

4 Methods of operation for carrier shells:

A
  • Bursting
  • Base Ejection
  • Nose Ejection (generally Anti-Pers)
  • Base Emission
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4
Q

What are the three types of Ammunition for Guns?

A
  • Fixed
  • Semi-Fixed
  • Separate
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5
Q

** Explain how Rocket Assisted Projectile (RAP) works?

A
  • Rocket cap removed prior to loading
  • On Firing propellant gases ignite delay composition - 7 sec delay
  • Delay ignites rocket igniter and main rocket motor propellant
  • Booster phase - 2 secs, sustain - 7 secs
  • Propellant gases released through venturi
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6
Q

Define Exploder system:

A

Components used for transmitting the impulse from the fuze or booster to the HE filling.

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7
Q

Define Supplementary Charge:

A

A cylindrical aluminium container, (filled with TNT/Comp B) which is used to fill the cavity below the fuze in deep cavity projectiles. it is removed when some proximity fuzes are fitted to the proj.

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8
Q

3 Main benefits of supplementry charges? NES

A

N - No explosive migration
E - Ease of Removal
S - Setback movement eliminated

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9
Q

What are the four types of charge bags?

A
  • Stem and Ring
  • Stem and Segment
  • Unequal
  • Equal
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10
Q

What are the requirements of a Cart Case? PEPA

A
  • Protection of contents
  • Easy Loading and extraction
  • Provide efficient obturation
  • Able to house a primer
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11
Q

Types of Gun Systems?

A
  • Breech Loading (BL)

- Quick Firing (QF)

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12
Q

Components of both BL and QF systems:

A 
BL:
- Tubes/Primers
- Bagged Charge
- Projectile
QF:
- CC with Primer
- Propelling Charge (can be bags)
- Projectile
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13
Q

Requirements/Design Considerations for Chargebags?

A
  • Non Smoulder
  • Non Stretch
  • Non Wear
  • Be insect, vermin and rot proof
  • Be entirely consumed on firing
  • Be Permeable to the flash from the tube
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14
Q

How many QF systems are there? name and describe them?

A

3:

  • Fixed:
    • Proj and CC joined together
    • Loaded as one unit
    • Rammed as one unit
    • charge not adjustable
  • Semi-Fixed:
    • Proj and CC packed together
    • Mated togehter and loaded as one unit
    • Projectiled rammed by CC
    • Adjustable charge
  • Separate:
    • Proj and CC packed separately
    • Loaded as two units
    • Proj is rammed before CC is loaded
    • Adjustable Charge
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15
Q

Advantages of QF Separate/Semi-Fixed over QF Fixed?

A
  • Adjustable Charge
  • Can replace damaged CC
  • Less stowage problems due to the reduced length
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16
Q

7 Types of Charges?

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A 
F - Fractional
I - Incremental
R - Reduce
D - De-coppering
B - Blank
S - Super
N - Normal
17
Q

Advantages of CCC?

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A

L - Less fumes
A - Ammo weight is less
N - No spent CC to be collected or extracted
N - No Cluttering at the gun sites
E - Easier to adjust charge
E - Everything loaded into the chamber plays some part in ballistics
R - Reduced Barrel Wear

18
Q

Components of Projectile Picute:

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A
  • Lip
  • Fuze Hole
  • Ogive
  • Band Bourrelet
  • Band
  • Wall
  • Governing Section
  • Driving Band
  • Shoulder
  • Baseplate
  • Head
  • Body
  • Base
19
Q

How many HE Filling techniques and what are they?

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A

4:

  • Casting
  • Pressing
  • Extruding
  • Pre-forming/cocooning
20
Q

How many types of Corrosion and what are they?

CRAZM

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A 
5
C - Cupric Azide Contamination
R - Rust (ferrous oxide)
A - Aluminium Oxidation
Z - Zine Exudation / 'Free Copper'
M - MAZAK Contamination
21
Q

Reasons why Brass is used to manufacture CCs?

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A
  • Performs well in most equipment
  • Metallurgy and techniques are well known
  • Does not corrode to give hard abrasive particles
22
Q

3 methods used to attach projectiles to Cart Cases?

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A
  • Coning
  • Canneluring
  • Coning & Canneluring
23
Q

5 Uses for Copper regarding Ammo:

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A
  • Driving Bands
  • Detonators
  • Shaped charge liners
  • CC
  • SAA Jackets
24
Q

Why are driving bands required?

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A
  • To centre projectile in bore and impart spin in rifling
  • To prevent the forward escape of propellant gases (obturation)
  • To prevent slip back of the projectile when loaded at high elevations
25
2 Methods of preventing twisting of Driving Bands?
- Knurling | - Wavy Rib
26
3 Classifications of Tracers?
- Tracer Projectile - Tracer and Igniter Projectile - Integral Tracer
27
What is the Method of Sealing Tracers?
- Brass or Celluloid discs or cups - Sealing methods vary considerably - NG and Carbamite - Bakelite discs
28
2 Main types of plastics used for Ammo and Why?
- Thermoplastic: - Softened on heating, and reharden on cooling allow reshaping. - Qty of reshaping is restricted. - Thermosetting plastic: - Acid Insoluble and incapable of being softened by heat. - Higher physical properties than steel but lighter.
29
4 Natural Fibres:
- Silk - Rubber - Cellulose - Wool
30
How many Projectile Classifications and what are they?
3: - Operational Projectiles - Weapon Functioning / Inspection - Training Projectiles
31
4 Methods of HE shell manufacture?
- Normally steel - Cast - Forged - Extruded
32
6 Factors Affecting HE Shell Design?
- Ballistic performance - TGT Effect - Strength to withstand firing stresses - Safe handling, transportation and storage - User requirements - Economy in manufacture
33
4 Methods of Manufacturing HE Shells?
- Cast - Normally steel - Forged - Extruded
34
Components of a Projectile (picture)
Picture
35
2 Types of RCL design and a description?
- Solid CC with bow out rear disc - Primer located to rear side of CC - Only loaded one way to ensure firing pin and primer are aligned - On firing propellant charge initiated - pressure builds, disc ruptures, projectiles propelled forward - propellant gases ecape through the breech hole and out through venturi. - Perforated CC system - Sheath surrounding propellant - Annular space - Propellant gases to escape through holes in CC, into annular space, out through venturi.
36
2 Types of Primers and componets?
- Percussion - BMCAP. Body, Magazine, Cap, Anvil, Plug - Electric: BW and CC - Bridge Wire: - BMCM. Body, Magazine, Contact piece, Bridge - Conducting Cap: - BMCP. Base, Magazine, Cap, Pole Unit
37
2 Purposes of tracers:
- Emit light | - Self destruct
38
Ratio for Brass CC?
70/30 Cu/Zn
39
6 Requirements of a Driving Band:
- No excessive pressure on the shell or barrel - Cater for change in bore diameter (wear) - Remain firmly attached to the proj - Must not alter the ballistic shape of the proj - Cause no excessive friction or bore wear - Simple to make and fit
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