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history by adeline > Test 7 > Flashcards

Test 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Pantheism:

A

belief in singular god who creates all things

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2
Q

Lineage Group:

A

a group of individuals who trace descent from a common ancestor

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3
Q

Sahel:

A

Coast

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4
Q

Mansas:

A

religious or administrative leader, responsible for forwarding tax revenue to higher gov.

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5
Q

Berbers:

A

Diverse indigenous group in africa

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6
Q

Trans-Saharan trade:

A

exchange of gold or salt

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7
Q

Bishop:

A

a senior member of the Christian clergy, usually in charge of a diocese and empowered to confer holy orders.

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8
Q

Pope

A

:the Bishop of Rome as head of the Roman Catholic Church

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9
Q

Diocese:

A

a district under the pastoral care of a bishop in the Christian Church.

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10
Q

Monk:

A

a member of a religious community of men typically living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience.

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11
Q

Monastery:

A

a building or buildings occupied by a community of monks living under religious vows.

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12
Q

Abbot:

A

a man who is the head of an abbey of monks.

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12
Q

Abbesses:

A

a woman who is the head of an abbey of nuns.

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13
Q

Interdict

A

:to in essence excommunicate, or prohibit a person or especially a place from the functions and privileges of the church

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14
Q

Sacraments:

A

a religious ceremony or ritual regarded as divine grace, such as baptism, the Eucharist and penance and the anointing of the sick.

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15
Q

Dark ages:

A

early middle ages after the fall of the western roman

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16
Q

Historiography:

A

the history of history

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17
Q

Archi bishop:

A

head of many communities

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18
Q

Monasticism

A

: a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual work.

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19
Q

Viking:

A

warrior, love of adventure

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20
Q

Vassals:

A

tenants of nobles

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21
Q

Fief:

A

grant of land made to a vassal from a noble for military service

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22
Q

Manor:

A

agricultural estate operated by lord and worked by peasants

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22
Q

Serfs:

A

free peasants, work 3 times a week, pay rent, bound to land

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23
Q

Demesne:

A

land retained by lord

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23
Q

Aristocracy:

A

high class in societies, hereditary, power help by nobility

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24
Q

Agrarian:

A

ownership and use of land relating to society economy

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25
Q

Capitalism:

A

production help by private organizations or individuals rather than government.
an economic system

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26
Q

Guilds:

A

a medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power.

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26
Q

Common law:

A

law that was common to the whole kingdom

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27
Q

Parliament:

A

meeting of kings by greater council

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28
Q

Infidels:

A

People who not believe in christianity (muslims)

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28
Q

Fallow:

A

(of farmland) plowed and harrowed but left unsown for a period in order to restore its fertility as part of a crop rotation or to avoid surplus production.

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29
Q

Burghers:

A

Exempt from military, right to sell goods

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30
Q

Hanseatic league:

A

Northern Europe’s league to trade

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31
Q

500-

A

clovis established Frankish kingdom

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31
Q

700s-

A

Muslim traders establish ports on africa’s east coast

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31
Q

800-

A

Charlemagne crowned emperor

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32
Q

Late 900s-

A

Islam becomes the religion of some west african leaders

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33
Q

1066-

A

William I conquered England and established strong monarchy

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34
Q

1215-

A

Magna Carta

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35
Q

1295-

A

Edward I calls england’s first Parliament

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35
Q

1300s-

A

Kilwa at its height of luxury and wealth

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36
Q

1307-

A

Mansa Musa begins to rule in Mali

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37
Q

1493-

A

Muhammad Ture takes control of Songhai Empire

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38
Q

Sahara acts as a…

A

divide separating North African coast from the rest of the continent

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39
Q

how does lineage group relate to filial piety

A
39
Q

imports into afric

A

Glass, iron, textiles, porcelain imported

40
Q

EXPORTS FROM AFRICa

A

Irvoy, gold, rhino horns exported

41
Q

how did where coastal cities government

A

Coastal cities:self-governing

41
Q

Swahili

A

Culture, language
Arabic words combined with Bantu Structure: Swahili

42
Q

who were The Ashanti peoples god? what is this an example of?

A

in Ghana had Nyame as supreme God but other lesser gods as well

Pantheism: belief in singular god who creates all things

43
Q

How did islam travel to africa and how did it spread

A

Merchants carried beliefs

Gao= first rulers who believed

Huge political impact

arabic -> first written language

United diverse people

44
Q

Ghana and kings in africa

A

Gold as primary reason for growth, slaves

Kings:
Taxed people
Ruled by divine right
District Chiefs-> collected taxes and maintained order

45
Q

Mali

Mansa Musa

A

Gold trade
Moisture good for agriculture
Mansas

Mansa Musa:
Powerful king
Contributed muslim faith
Strongly encourage building of mosques

46
Q

Timbuktu:

A

Schools of law/ center of literature and science

47
Q

Clovis:

A

Kingdom of the Franks (germanic kingdom)

Sons divided kingdom

catholic

48
Q

Be able to label and draw the pyramid of the catholic church

A
49
Q

Saint benedict

A

Founded monasteries and wrote a set of rules for them
Divided each day w/ activities
Monks lived entirely communally

49
Q

Monks/ Monasteries and WOmen in Church

A

Abbot ruled each monastery
Monks gave up everything
New heroes of christianity
Social workers -> heroes of christianity

Women:
Nuns
Abbesses form aristocratic families

49
Q

Church Supreme

A

Pope Innocent III used spiritual weapons like the Interdict

50
Q

Charlemagne

A

Intelligent, decisive, christian

Expanded empire to cover much of western and central europe

800 -> Emperor of the Romans

Beginning of new era of popes and emperors/kings

51
Q

Feif-holding

A

Vassals fight for lord

Required to appear in court at the command of the lord

Lords responsible to maintenance of vassal by granting fief

52
Q

Manorial System

A

Serfs legally bound to the lords lands and couldn’t leave w/out permission

53
Q

Expectations of knights

A
  1. Only ride horses
  2. Strong and full of energy
  3. Noble, content, caring, courageous, enduring
54
Q

Daily life of peasants

Diet

A

Simple
1-2 room houses made of plaster, wood and straw

Bread
Veggies, berries, nuts, fruits
Dairy
Chicken products

54
Q

Peasant women

A

Mothers
Bear children, provide for their socialization and religious training
Spinning and weaving
Worked in fields
marriage= economic partnership

55
Q

Women in nobility

Eleanor of Aquitaine

A

Women could legally hold property
Still at ill of husband/ father
Eleanor of aquitaine
Guided kingdom while husband at war

56
Q

Nobility in the middle ages:

A

Loved war/ men of war/ warriors
Formed aristocracy
No physical labor
Related to the king
Political influence
Extensive land holding

57
Q

development of towns under nobility

A

nobles / kings wanted to treat towns and people like fiefs, vassals and serfs

Townspeople needed mobility/freedom to trade

People were sold liberties such as:
Right to bequeath and sell property, freedom and military obligation to the lord

58
Q

medieval european cities

A

Narrow winding streets
Organized themselves into guilds
Merchants lived in cities

58
Q

WHy were guilds so successful?

A

didn’t have to pay taxes but also got protection

Burg, burgh, borough= fortification burghers

Exempt from military, right to sell goods
Rules don’t apply to them

58
Q

Relationship between kings and vassal based on ___________. What ratified this?

A

Respect, Magna Carta

59
Q

William of normandy

What made him so powerful

A

Took over england
Made nobles swear loyalty
Gave knights land

60
Q

Henry II

A

Strengthened royal courts
Expanded kings power
Common law

60
Q

Early crusades:

A

holy war against infidels

61
Q

What did Parliament do

A

Approved taxes, discussed politics, passed laws, handled judicial business

62
Q

Third Crusade

A

: Reaction to fall of jerusalem to muslim forces under Saladin

62
Q

What was the goal of the crusades

A

to Liberate jerusalem and help byzantine empire

63
Q

Who were the crusader kingdoms dependent on?

A

Italian coastal cities

64
Q

WHo was Saladin what did he take and give?

A

took: Jerusalem
Gave: agreed to allow christian pilgrimages free access to Jerusalem

65
Q

Later crusades:

A

Christians take Muslim capital of Constantinople

Rest of addiction crusade are absolute disasters

65
Q

Effects of crusades

A
  1. Influenced europe’s reception of muslim intelligence
  2. Massacre of jews became regular feature of medieval european life
66
Q

Agriculture

A

Benefitted from new technologies and better climate

67
Q

Irons effects on agriculture and building

A

Iron on farming: slythes, axes, hoes, plows
Iron for building: saws, hammers, axes, nails, wire

68
Q

Fallow:

A

field systems leaving 1 field barren while others are in use to restore

68
Q

The effects of having a surplus

A

free time -> craftspeople and artisans

69
Q

what was the trade and central hub of the Mali empire

A

Timbuktu

70
Q

Trade:

A

Italy: trade in mediterranean
Hanseatic league

71
Q

Obligations of knights

A

military service, advice the nobles, chivalry, give taxes

71
Q

2 bodies that make up parliment

A

council of commons and council of lords

72
Q

How did islam conflict with traditional african beliefs

A

spirit worship, priestly class, gender relations

73
Q

What city did charlemagne rule?

A

Aachen

74
Q

What is important about Eleanor of Aquitaine

A

inherited land, kept the land after divorce

75
Q

Two effects crusades had

A

Rise in antisemitism, italian trade, spread of islamic knowledge limited

75
Q

what was dubbed the “most beautiful city” in africa? WHat was its culture

A

Kilwa, swahili culture

76
Q

What limited kings power

A

Magna Carta

77
Q

What did the interdict do?

A

enforced the closure of the churches, forbade the administration of the Catholic sacraments, and prohibited the use of churchyards for burials.

78
Q

What was the land reserved for nobles and priests

A

demesne, glebe

79
Q

What were eleanor of aquitaine’s sons names and what did they do

A

Richard I: crusades
John I: Magna Carta

80
Q

Zanj:

A

burnt skin- East Africa

80
Q

Who was charlemagne’s grandfather

A

Charles Martel

81
Q

What 2 rivers define the hump in Africa?

A

Niger and Senegal

82
Q

Where is William originally from?

A

Normandy

83
Q

What was the richest and most urbanized part of Europe

A

Flanders

83
Q

Name 3 Germanic Kingdoms that replaced the romans

A

Visigoths, ostrogoths, Franks,

84
Q

Nyames

A

Ashanti’s Higher God from Ghana

84
Q

Pantheism:

A

a doctrine which identifies God with the universe, or regards the universe as a manifestation of God.

85
Q

Who established the Frankish Empire

A

Clovis

86
Q

Manorialism:

A

Economic system, land =$, Demesne, Manors

87
Q

Feudalism:

A

Political systems, Military

88
Q

Manors

A

House owned by lord, serfs, worked by peasants, bound to land, payed rent

89
Q

Who is Charles Martel

A

Charlemagne’s grandfather, Carolingian, Emperor of Romans

90
Q

Why was trade important in the 14th century

A
91
Q

District Chiefs->

A

collected taxes and maintained order

history by adeline (9 decks)

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