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KIN245 > Test 5: Spine > Flashcards

Test 5: Spine Flashcards

1
Q

How many articulating vertebrae?

A

24

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2
Q

How many fused vertebrae?

A

9

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3
Q

How many cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx?

A
  • 7 Cervical (neck) vertebrae
  • 12 Thoracic (chest) vertebrae
  • 5 Lumbar (lower back) vertebrae
  • 5 Sacrum (posterior pelvic girdle) vertebrae
  • 4 Coccyx (tail bone) vertebrae
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4
Q

What kind of curve does your cervical have?

A

Lordotic

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5
Q

What kind of curve does your thoracic have?

A

Kyphotic

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6
Q

What kind of curve does your lumbar have?

A

Lordotic

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7
Q

What is the purpose of the curvature?

A
  • Increase strength

* Absorption of forces

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8
Q

Increased posterior concavity of lumbar & cervical curves

A

Lordosis (bent backwards)

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9
Q

Increased anterior concavity of thoracic curve

A

Kyphosis

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10
Q

Reduction of normal lordotic curve, resulting in a flat-back appearance

A

Lumbar kyphosis

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11
Q

Lateral curvatures or sideward deviations of spine

A

Scoliosis

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12
Q

How many pairs of ribs do you have?

A

12

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13
Q

How many pairs are true ribs and where do they attach?

A

7

Sternum

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14
Q

How many are false ribs and where do they attach?

A

5
3- Sternum
2- Free

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15
Q

C1=

C2=

A

Atlas

Axis

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16
Q

What is the most mobile articulation of the spine?

A

Atlanto-axial joint

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17
Q

What kind of joint is the atlanto-axial joint?

A

Pivot

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18
Q

Central gelatinous, pulpy substance

A

Nucleus pulposus

19
Q

Vertebral Column Flexor Muscles:

A
  • Rectus Abdominis
  • External Oblique
  • Internal Oblique
  • Psoas Major (With origin fixed)
  • Iliacus (with origin fixed)
20
Q

Origin of rectus abdominis:

A

Pubic crest, pubic symphysis

21
Q

Insertion of rectus abdominis:

A

Cartilage of 5th-7th ribs and xiphoid process

22
Q

Action of the rectus abdominis:

A
  • Flex the vertebral column

* Tilt pelvis posteriorly

23
Q

Origin of the external oblique:

A

External surfaces of 5th -12th ribs

24
Q

Insertion of the external oblique:

A

Anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

25
Q

Action of the external oblique:

A
  • Bilaterally:
    • Flex the vertebral column
    • Compress abdominal contents
    -Unilaterally
    • Laterally flex vertebral column to same side
    • Rotate vertebral column to the opposite side
26
Q

Aponeurosis is deep to the:

A

Rectus abdominis

27
Q

Origin of the internal oblique abdominals:

A

Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia

28
Q

Insertion of the internal oblique abdominals:

A

Internal surface of lower three ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

29
Q

Action of the internal oblique abdominals:

A
  • Bilaterally:
    • Flex the vertebral column • Compress abdominal contents
  • Unilaterally
    • Laterally flex vertebral column to the same side
    • Rotate vertebral column to the same side
30
Q

Origin of the transverse abdominis:

A

Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia and internal surface of lower 6 ribs

31
Q

Insertion of the transverse abdominis:

A

Abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

32
Q

TVA, and obliques are responsible:

A

Stability of the core when doing other exercises

33
Q

Action of the transverse abdominis:

A

Compress abdominal contents

34
Q

Extension and ipsilateral side flexion

A

Erector spinae group
• Spinalis
• Longissimus
• Iliocostalis

35
Q

Extension & contralateral rotation

A

Transversospinalis group
• Multifidi
• Rotatores
• Semispinalis Capitis

36
Q

Extension, ipsilateral rotation, & lateral flexion

A
  • Capitus

* Cervicis

37
Q

Taking right arm to left knee:

A

External

Internal

38
Q

Origin of the quadratus lumborum:

A

Posterior iliac crest

39
Q

Insertion of the quadratus lumborum:

A

Last rib and L1-L4 transverse processes

40
Q

Action of the quadratus lumborum:

A
  • Unilaterally
    • Laterally flexes vertebral column to same side
    • Laterally tilt (elevate) the pelvis
    • Assist to extend the vertebral column
  • Bilaterally
    • Fix the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation
41
Q

Origin of the sternocleidomastoid:

A
  • Sternal head
    • Top of manubrium
  • Clavicular head
    • Medial ⅓ of the clavicle
42
Q

Insertion of the sternocleidomastoid:

A

Mastoid process of the temporal bone and the lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput

43
Q

Action of the sternocleidomastoid:

A
  • Bilaterally:
    • Flex the neck
    • Assist to elevate the ribcage during inhalation
  • Unilaterally:
    • Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side
    • Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side

KIN245 (14 decks)

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