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KIN245 > Test 4: The Ankle and Foot Joints > Flashcards

Test 4: The Ankle and Foot Joints Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones are in the ankle and foot?

A

26

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2
Q

What are the main functions of the foot?

A

Supports & propulsion

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3
Q

How many large muscles are in the foot?

A

19

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4
Q

Movement of the top of the ankle & foot toward anterior tibia

A

Dorsiflexion (flexion)

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5
Q

Movement of ankle & foot away from tibia

A

Plantar flexion (extension)

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6
Q

Turning ankle & foot outward; abduction, away from midline; weight is on medial edge of foot

A

Eversion

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7
Q

Turning ankle & foot inward; adduction, toward midline; weight is on lateral edge of foot

A

Inversion

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8
Q

Combination of ankle dorsiflexion, subtalar eversion, & forefoot abduction (toe-out)

A

Pronation

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9
Q

Combination of ankle plantar flexion, subtalar inversion, & forefoot adduction (toe-in)

A

Supination

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10
Q

If the foot is too rigid it doesn’t __________ adequately

A

Pronate

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11
Q

Difference between walking & running:

A 
Walking= one foot is always in contact with ground
Running= point of time when neither foot is in contact with ground
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12
Q

_____ bones in each foot that form arch

A

26

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13
Q

Between the talus & 3 cuniforms

A

Navicular

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14
Q

Between calcaneus and 4th & 5th metatarsals

A

Cuboid

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15
Q

Sesamoid bones increase:

A

Mechanical advantage

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16
Q

Serves as a pulley for posterior tendons to increase mechanical advantage of muscles in performing inversion & eversion actions

A

Distal malleoli of tibia & fibula

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17
Q

High ankle sprain=

A

Sydesmosis joint sprain

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18
Q

What does the high ankle sprain involve?

A

Anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament

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19
Q

Ankle joint is a _________ joint

A

hinge

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20
Q

Where does inversion & eversion happen?

A

Subtalar & transverse tarsal joints

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21
Q

The subtalar & transverse tarsal joint are classified as a __________ or __________ joint

A

Gliding or Arthrodial

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22
Q

The metatarsophalangeal joint is classified as a ___________ joint

A

condyloid

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23
Q

Origin of the tibialis anterior:

A

Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane

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24
Q

Insertion of tibialis anterior:

A

Medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal

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25
Q

Action of the tibialis anterior:

A
  • Invert the foot

* Dorsiflex the ankle

26
Q

Origin of the extensor halluces longus:

A

Middle anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

27
Q

Insertion of the extensor halluces longus:

A

Distal phalanx of 1st toe

28
Q

Action of the extensor halluces longus:

A
  • Extend the 1st toe
  • Dorsiflex the ankle
  • Invert the foot
29
Q

Halluces means:

A

big toe

30
Q

Origin of the extensor digitorum longus:

A

Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane

31
Q

Insertion of the extensor digitorum longus:

A

Middle and distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th toes

32
Q

Action of the extensor digitorum longus:

A
  • Extend the 2nd through 5th toes
  • Dorsiflex the ankle
  • Evert the foot
33
Q

Origin of the peroneus tertius:

A
  • Distal ⅓ of anterior surface of the anterior fibula

* Adjacent portion of the interosseous membrane

34
Q

Insertion of the peroneus tertius:

A

Dorsal surface of the base of 5th the metatarsal

35
Q

Action of the peroneus tertius:

A
  • STJ and midtarsal pronation

* dorsiflexion

36
Q

Origin of the peroneus longus:

A

Head of fibula and proximal ⅔ of lateral fibula

37
Q

Insertion of the peroneus longus:

A

Base of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

38
Q

Action of the peroneus longus:

A
  • Evert the foot

* Assist to plantar flex the ankle

39
Q

Origin of the peroneus brevis:

A

Distal ⅔ of lateral fibula

40
Q

Insertion of the peroneus brevis:

A

Tuberosity of 5th metatarsal

41
Q

Action of the peroneus brevis:

A
  • Evert the foot

* Assist to plantar flex the ankle

42
Q

Origin of the gastrocnemius:

A

Condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces

43
Q

Insertion of the gastrocnemius:

A

Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

44
Q

Action of the gastrocnemius:

A
  • Flex the knee

* Plantar flex the ankle

45
Q

Origin of the soleus:

A

Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; posterior aspect of head of fibula

46
Q

Insertion of the soleus:

A

Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

47
Q

Action of the soleus:

A

Plantar flex the ankle

48
Q

Origin of the plantaris:

A

Lateral supracondylar line of femur

49
Q

Insertion of the plantaris:

A

Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

50
Q

Action of the plantaris:

A
  • Weak plantar flexion of the ankle

* Weak flexion of the knee

51
Q

Deep posterior compartment muscles:

A
  • Tibialis Posterior (Tom)
  • Flexor Digitorum Longus (Dick)
  • Flexor Hallucis Longus (Harry)
52
Q

Origin of the tibialis posterior:

A

Proximal, posterior shaft of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane

53
Q

Insertion of the tibialis posterior:

A

All five tarsal bones (navicular, 3 cuneiforms, cuboid) and bases of 2nd through 4th

54
Q

Action of the tibialis posterior:

A
  • Invert the foot

* Plantar flex the ankle

55
Q

Origin of the flexor digitorum longus:

A

Middle posterior surface of tibia

56
Q

Insertion of the flexor digitorum longus:

A

Distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th toes

57
Q

Action of the flexor digitorum longus:

A
  • Flex the 2nd through 5th toes
  • Weak plantar flexion of ankle
  • Invert the foot
58
Q

Origin of flexor halluces longus:

A

Middle half of posterior fibula

59
Q

Insertion of the flexor halluces longus:

A

Distal phalanx of 1st toe

60
Q

Action of the flexor halluces longus:

A
  • Flex the 1st toe
  • Weak plantar flexion of ankle
  • Invert foot

KIN245 (14 decks)

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