Test 1- Part 1: Introduction Flashcards
Study of motion or human movement
Kinesiology
Study of human musculoskeletal system & musculotendinous system
Anatomical kinesiology
Application of mechanical physics to human motion
Biomechanics
Study of muscles as they are involved in science of movement
Structural kinesiology
How many muscles are found in the human body?
600
What are the two reference positions called?
Anatomical position
Fundamental position
A line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the apex of the axilla (armpit)
Mid-axillary line
A line that is parallel to the mid-axillary line and passes through the posterior axillary skinfold
Posterior axillary line
A line that is parallel to the mid- axillary line and passes through the anterior axillary skinfold
Anterior axillary line
A line running vertically down the body passing through the midpoint of the clavicle
Mid-clavicular line
A point midway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic bone
Mid-inguinal point
This plane divides the body into left & right halves (medial & lateral)
Sagittal plane (anteroposterior)
What actions occur in the sagittal plane?
Flexion & extension
What plane divides the body into superior and inferior halves?
Transverse plane
What kinds of actions happen in the transverse plane?
Rotation
This plane divides the body into anterior and posterior halves
Frontal (coronal) plane
What actions have in the frontal plane?
Abduction & adduction
Cranial; towards the head
Superior
Cadual; nearest to the feat
Inferior
Nearest to front
Anterior
Nearest to back
Posterior
Nearest to the sagittal plane
Medial
Farther from the sagittal plane
Lateral
Closer to the midline of the body or point of origin
Proximal
Further away from midline or point of origin
Distal
Beneath or below the surface
Deep
Near the surface
Superficial
On the same side
Ispsilateral
On the opposite side
Contralateral
Referring to the palm aspect of the hand
Palm or volar
Relating to the back of the hand
Dorsal
Relating to the bottom or sole of the foot
Plantar
Relating to the back or top of foot
Dorsal
Relating to the front portion of the trunk
Ventral
Relating to the back portion of the trunk
Dorsal
Lying on the back; face upward position of body
Supine
Stomach lying, face downward position of the body
Prone
Abnormal or excessive rotation forward of a structure (femoral)
Anteversion
Abnormal or excessive rotation backward of a structure (femoral)
Retroversion
Increased curving of the spine outward or backward in the sagittal plane
Kyphosis
Increased curving of the spine inward or forward in the sagittal plane
Lordosis
Lateral curving of the spine
Scoliosis
Bending backward, as in knee hyperextension
Recurvatum
Outward angulation of the distal segments of a bone or joint, as in knock-knees (make outward L’s)
Valgus
Inward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint, as in bowlegs
Vargus
What degree relationship is between a plane of motion & its axis?
90 degree
This axis point commonly includes actions such as flexion and extension movements
Frontal (coronal, lateral, mediolateral) axis
This axis point follows the sagittal plane and includes movements such as abduction & adduction
Sagittal (anteroposterior) axis
This axis runs straight, down through top of head & is at a right angle to transverse plane of motion, includes movements such as internal rotation, external rotation
Vertical, long or longitudinal axis
This axis runs at a right angle to the diagonal plane
Diagonal or oblique axis
What parts of the body does the axial region contain?
Cephalic (head)
Cervical (neck)
Trunk
What parts of the body does the appendicular region contain?
Upper limbs
Lower limbs
Cephalic contains:
Cranium
Face
Trunk contains:
Thracic (thorax) Dorsal (back) Lumbar Sacral Pelvic Gluteal Abdominal Pubic
Shoulder contains:
Scapular
Acromial
Axillary
Arm contains:
Cubital
Anticubital
Manual (hand) contains:
Carpal
Dorsal
Palmer
Thigh contains:
Femoral
Leg contains:
Patellar
Pedal contains:
Dorsal
Plantar
