test 5

Question 1

movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and alveoli of the lungs

Answer 1

pulmonary ventilation

Question 2

• diaphragm contracts and pulls down on lungs
• eternal intercostal muscles contract and lift the ribcage
• volume of lungs increase which causes gas pressure in lungs to decrease
• intrapulmonary pressure becomes less than atmospheric pressure
• air moves from higher pressure to lower pressure into the lungs

Answer 2

qualities of inspiration

Question 3

law that states pressure of a gas and volume of a container are inversely proportional

Answer 3

Boyle’s law

Question 4

• diaphragm relaxes and pushes up into the thoracic cavity
• external intercostal muscles relax and rib cage falls
• volume of lungs decreases, which causes the intrapulmonary pressure to increase
• intrapulmonary pressure rises above atmospheric pressure
• air moves from higher pressure to lower pressure out of the lungs

Answer 4

qualities of expiration

Question 5

ability of lungs to stretch and expand; reduces with age and disease which makes it more difficult to breathe

Answer 5

compliance

Question 6

produced by water molecules in alveolus wanting to “stick” together, causing alveolar collapse (surface tension is greater in small alveoli so gas pressure has to be greater to overcome)

Answer 6

surface tension

Question 7

law that states gas pressure in alveolus is directly proportional to surface tension and inversely proportional to radius of alveolus

Answer 7

surfactant

Question 8

abnormally low ventilation rate - the body cannot get rid of enough carbon dioxide, so it can lead to hypercapnia, and hypoxia

Answer 8

hypoventilation

Question 9

abnormally high ventilation rate - the body gets rid of too much CO2, resulting in hypocapnia, may lead to respiratory alkalosis

Answer 9

hyperventilation

Question 10

when hyperventilation is caused by a drug, disorder, or diseases affecting the airway