Test # 4 Obstructive lung disease Flashcards

1
Q

Explain how a Metered dose inhaler differs from a dry powder inhaler

Which one is not good for patients that are short of breath

and you must rinse mouth out or will get thrush

A

MDI - press down and the right size particles goes into lungs - Inhale DEEPLY and SLOWLY

Powder - breath activated - only on inspiration - NOT GOOD FOR pt that are SOB - INHALE DEEPLY and QUICKLY

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2
Q

What are the three goals to treat asthma

A
  1. relax airways
  2. reduce inflammation
  3. reduce mucus secretions
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3
Q

What is the difference between controller medicine and rescue medicines when treating asthma

A

Controller - use to PREVENT symptoms BEFORE they start

Rescue - Used to TREAT symptoms AFTER they have started

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4
Q

What is the MOA for beta agonist?

A

they increase cAMP which causes smooth muscle relaxtion

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5
Q

Name two short acting beta agonist used to treat asthma

A

Albuterol

Lecalbuterol

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6
Q

Name two long acting beta agonist used to treat asthma

You should not use these by themselves to treat asthma! increased risk of death if used without a corticodteroid

A

Salmeterol

Formoterol

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7
Q

Name two SHORT acting anticholinergics to treat asthma and COPD - these are also rescue drugs

A

Ipratropium bromide and Atrovent

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8
Q

Name two LONG acting anticholinergics to treat just COPD

A

tiotropium and aclidinium

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9
Q

what is the MOA of anticholinergics that are used to treat asthma and COPD?

Don’t use in pt with glacoma, enlarged prostate,, and Myasthenia gravis

A

the block the M3 receptor on sm muscle - which inhibit brochoconstriction

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10
Q

What are two side effects of using corticosteroids for treat asthma or COPD?

A

Pneumonia and thrush (voice changing - Dysphonia)

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11
Q

Name 4 corticosteroids that alter gene transcription causing less inflammation.

A

Fluticasone
Budesonide
Mometasone
Beclomethasone

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12
Q

Name two leukotriene inhibitors

  1. block LTE receptors
  2. inhibit syntheses of leukotrienes
A

Block - Montelukast

Inhibit - Zileuton

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13
Q

name one drug that is a methylxanthine. It inhibits PDE (metabolism of cAMP) and inhibits adenosine (causes broncholconstriction)

*** must follow blood levels!!

S.E. - tachy, N/V, seizures

A

Theophylline

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14
Q

What ANti-IgE med is used to treat mod-severe asthma?
It binds to the receptor so the allergen can’t bind
SQ 1-2x/month 0 very expensive

A

Omalizumab

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15
Q

What type of asthma drug was the cornerstone of therapy for asthma?

A

Corticosteroids

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16
Q

What are the two types of drugs that are used as first line agents for COPD control

A

LABA or anticholinergics

17
Q

What PDE4 inhibitor increases cAMP which decreases inflammation

SE: gi upset, diarrhea

A

Roflumilast

18
Q

What antibiotic is commonly used for COPD exacerbations that are related to bacterial infections? It also has anti-inflammatory effects

A

Azithromycin

19
Q

What chronic nebulized antibiotic is only indicated in patients colonized with Pseudomonas?

A

Tobramycin