Test # 4 Obstructive lung disease Flashcards
Explain how a Metered dose inhaler differs from a dry powder inhaler
Which one is not good for patients that are short of breath
and you must rinse mouth out or will get thrush
MDI - press down and the right size particles goes into lungs - Inhale DEEPLY and SLOWLY
Powder - breath activated - only on inspiration - NOT GOOD FOR pt that are SOB - INHALE DEEPLY and QUICKLY
What are the three goals to treat asthma
- relax airways
- reduce inflammation
- reduce mucus secretions
What is the difference between controller medicine and rescue medicines when treating asthma
Controller - use to PREVENT symptoms BEFORE they start
Rescue - Used to TREAT symptoms AFTER they have started
What is the MOA for beta agonist?
they increase cAMP which causes smooth muscle relaxtion
Name two short acting beta agonist used to treat asthma
Albuterol
Lecalbuterol
Name two long acting beta agonist used to treat asthma
You should not use these by themselves to treat asthma! increased risk of death if used without a corticodteroid
Salmeterol
Formoterol
Name two SHORT acting anticholinergics to treat asthma and COPD - these are also rescue drugs
Ipratropium bromide and Atrovent
Name two LONG acting anticholinergics to treat just COPD
tiotropium and aclidinium
what is the MOA of anticholinergics that are used to treat asthma and COPD?
Don’t use in pt with glacoma, enlarged prostate,, and Myasthenia gravis
the block the M3 receptor on sm muscle - which inhibit brochoconstriction
What are two side effects of using corticosteroids for treat asthma or COPD?
Pneumonia and thrush (voice changing - Dysphonia)
Name 4 corticosteroids that alter gene transcription causing less inflammation.
Fluticasone
Budesonide
Mometasone
Beclomethasone
Name two leukotriene inhibitors
- block LTE receptors
- inhibit syntheses of leukotrienes
Block - Montelukast
Inhibit - Zileuton
name one drug that is a methylxanthine. It inhibits PDE (metabolism of cAMP) and inhibits adenosine (causes broncholconstriction)
*** must follow blood levels!!
S.E. - tachy, N/V, seizures
Theophylline
What ANti-IgE med is used to treat mod-severe asthma?
It binds to the receptor so the allergen can’t bind
SQ 1-2x/month 0 very expensive
Omalizumab
What type of asthma drug was the cornerstone of therapy for asthma?
Corticosteroids