Test 4: neuromuscular

Question 1

when can cerbral palsy be diagnosed

Answer 1

not until 1-2 years old

Question 2

most sever NTD
Both cerbral hemispheres are absent
Incompatible with life

Answer 2

Anencephaly

Question 3

visible NTD

external sac-like protrusion

Answer 3

spina bifida cystica

Question 4

encases meninges and spinal fluid, but not the nerves

Answer 4

meningocele

Question 5

contains meninges, spinal fluid, and nerves

Answer 5

myelomeningocele

Question 6

downward herniation of the brain into the brainstem

Answer 6

chiari malformation

Question 7

Progressive weakness and wasting of skeletal muscles
Caused by degeneration of anterior horn cells
Inherited as an autosomal recessive trait

Answer 7

SMA type 1 (Werdnig-Hoffman disease)

Question 8

Most common and most sever MD
Inherited as an X linked recessive trait
Progressive muscular weakness, wasting, and contractures
Calf muscle usually hypertrophy

Answer 8

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Question 9

kneeling, gradually pushing torso upright, and walking hands up to standing position

Answer 9

gowers sign